Stability of Wheat Floret Metabolites during Untargeted Metabolomics Studies

A typical metabolomic analysis consists of a multi-step procedure. Variation can be introduced in any analysis segment if proper care in quality assurance is not taken, thus compromising the final results. Sample stability is one of those factors. Although sophisticated studies addressing sample decay over time have been performed in the medical field, they are emerging in plant metabolomics. Here, we focus on the stability of wheat floret extracts on queue inside an auto-injector held at 25 °C. The objective was to locate an analytical time window from extraction to injection with no significant difference occurring in the sample. Total ion current chromatograms, principal component analysis, and volcano plots were used to measure changes in the samples. Results indicate a maximum work window time of 7:45 h for Steele-ND wheat methanolic extractions in an auto-sampler at 25 °C. Comparisons showed a significant gradual increase in the number and intensity of compounds observed that may be caused by the degradation of other molecules in the sample extract. The approach can be applied as preliminary work in a metabolite profiling study, helping to set the appropriate workload to produce confident results.

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Stability and mutual impact of perception of parental pressure and infants' social support – A study based on the difference between employment status and household income

International Journal of Electrical Engineering Education ◽

10.1177/0020720921997059 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 002072092199705

Author(s):

Yong Wang

Keyword(s):

Household Income ◽

Employment Status ◽

Working Mothers ◽

Social Research ◽

Research Report ◽

Parental Pressure ◽

Income Levels ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Difference ◽

The Stability

The purpose of this study is to explore the stability and interaction between parental pressure and social research report, as well as the role of employment status and family income levels in this process. This study used a special study on Korean children (PSKC) 2–4 waves. Use t-test, correlation and autoregressive cross-delay modeling to analyze the data. The main findings of this study are: First, over time, parental pressure and mother’s social research report are consistent. Secondly, the pressure of motherhood and childcare has an obvious lagging effect on upbringing, and vice versa. Third, there is no significant difference between working mothers and non-working mothers in terms of the stability of working parents' pressure, social research report and social research report for children's pressure channels. However, parental pressure can only predict the social research report of working mothers. Fourth, there is no significant difference between the stability and interaction of these two structures in household income levels. In short, the results show that, over time, parental pressure is consistent with mother’s social research report. The results also show that there is a significant cross-lag effect between the mothers’ perceptions of mutual pressure analysis. In the process from parental pressure to social research report, I found the difference between working and non-working mothers. The advantage of this study is that the expected longitudinal design was adopted during infancy and the priority between the two structures can be considered. The results of this study can be used as a source of intervention plans to help parents withstand severe parenting pressure and lack of social research report.

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Inhibition of Kynurenine Metabolism and Its Effect in Mitochondrial Function in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.410 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 124-125

Author(s):

Raul Castro-Portuguez ◽

Samuel Freitas ◽

George Sutphin

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Mitochondrial Function ◽

De Novo ◽

Principal Component ◽

Kynurenine Pathway ◽

The Cancer Genome Atlas ◽

Wilcoxon Test ◽

Nad Synthesis ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Kynurenine Metabolism

Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent cancer in the liver. The majority of ingested tryptophan is processed in the liver through the kynurenine pathway, the endpoint of which is de novo NAD+ biosynthesis. Dysregulation of tryptophan-kynurenine metabolism and NAD+ synthesis may promote mitochondrial malfunction, tumor reprogramming, and carcinogenesis. Using a publicly available gene expression dataset from liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) samples available through The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA; n = 371), we employed Principal Component Analysis (PCA), hierarchical clustering, gene-pattern expression profiling, and survival analysis to cluster patients and determine overall survival. Our analysis of genes encoding kynurenine pathway enzymes determined that patients with high QPRT expression had a poor prognosis with decreased median survival, with no effect on the maximum survival. There is a significant difference in the survival between patients with high QPRT expression relative to patients with high HAAO/AFMID expression (HR = 1.2, [95% CI 0.5-1.8] P = 0.0181, Gehan-Breslow-Wilcoxon Test). Patients with high QPRT expression have higher survival rates compared with low QPRT expression (HR = 1.4, [95% CI 0.9-2.2] P = 0.0344, Gehan-Breslow-Wilcoxon Test). To test the consequences of kynurenine-pathway inhibition in mitochondrial function and morphology we use 4-Cl-3HAA, an irreversible HAAO inhibitor, and observed a small increase in mitochondrial fragmentation in HepG2 cells after 24 hours of treatment. We conclude that kynurenine metabolism may be useful as a biomarker to predict patient prognosis among HCC patients. In ongoing work, we are testing QPRT inhibitors in cell culture as a potential adjuvant for chemotherapies.

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Application of Lipid Class Ratios for Sample Stability Monitoring—Evaluation of Murine Tissue Homogenates and SDS as a Stabilizer

Metabolites ◽

10.3390/metabo11050277 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 277

Author(s):

Sabrina Krautbauer ◽

Raquel Blazquez ◽

Gerhard Liebisch ◽

Marcus Hoering ◽

Philip Neubert ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Lipid Class ◽

High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽

Lipolytic Activity ◽

Sodium Dodecyl ◽

Lipid Profiles ◽

Lipolytic Action ◽

Sample Stability ◽

Tissue Homogenates ◽

The Stability

Lipids are a ubiquitous class of structurally complex molecules involved in various biological processes. In the fast-growing field of lipidomics, preanalytical issues are frequently neglected. Here, we investigated the stability of lipid profiles of murine liver, brain, lung, heart, and spleen homogenates by quantitative flow injection analysis using tandem mass spectrometry and high-resolution mass spectrometry. Storage of tissue homogenates at room temperature showed substantial alterations of the lipid profiles reflecting lipolytic action. Therefore, ratios of ceramide to sphingomyelin, lysophosphatidylethanolamine to phosphatidylethanolamine, lysophosphatidylcholine to phosphatidylcholine, and diglyceride to triglyceride were applied to monitor sample stability and the effect of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as a potential stabilizing agent. The addition of SDS led to a concentration-dependent stabilization of lipid profiles in liver, brain, and heart homogenates, while in lung and spleen homogenates, in particular, the lysophosphatidylethanolamine to phosphatidylethanolamine ratio increased upon addition of SDS. In conclusion, we demonstrated that lipid class ratios reflecting lipolytic activity could be applied to evaluate both the stability of samples and the influence of stabilizers.

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Three-component analysis of regional seismograms

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America ◽

10.1785/bssa08006b2032 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 80 (6B) ◽

pp. 2032-2052 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

D. C. Jepsen ◽

B. L. N. Kennett

Keyword(s):

Free Surface ◽

Time Window ◽

Seismic Station ◽

P Wave ◽

Sh Waves ◽

Near Surface ◽

Source Discrimination ◽

Decomposition Scheme ◽

Phased Array Techniques ◽

The Stability

Abstract Both phased array techniques for single-component sensors and vectorial analysis of three-component recordings can provide estimates of the azimuth and slowness of seismic phases. However, a combination of these approaches provides a more powerful tool to estimate the propagation characteristics of different seismic phases at regional distances. Conventional approaches to the analysis of three-component seismic records endeavor to exploit the apparent angles of propagation in horizontal and vertical planes as well as the polarization of the waves. The basic assumption is that for a given time window there is a dominant wavetype (e.g., a P wave) traveling in a particular direction arriving at the seismic station. By testing a range of characteristics of the three-component records, a set of rules can be established for classifying much of the seismogram in terms of wavetype and direction. It is, however, difficult to recognize SH waves in the presence of other wavetypes. Problems also arise when more than one signal (in either wavetype or direction) arrive in the same window. The stability and robustness of the classification scheme is much improved when records from an array of three-component sensors are combined. For a set of three-component instruments forming part of a larger array, it is possible to estimate the slowness and azimuth of arrivals from the main array and then extract the relative proportions of the current P-, SV-, and SH-wave contributions to the seismogram. This form of wavetype decomposition depends on a model of near-surface propagation. A convenient choice for hard-rock sites is to include just the effect of the free surface, which generates a frequency-independent operation on the three-component seismograms and which is not very sensitive to surface velocities. This approach generates good estimates of the character of the S wavefield, because the phase distortion of SV induced by the free surface can be removed. The method has been successfully applied to regional seismograms recorded at the medium aperture Warramunga array in northern Australia, and the two small arrays NORESS and ARCESS in Norway, which were designed for studies of regional phases. The new wavefield decomposition scheme provides results in which the relative proportions of P, SV, and SH waves as a function of time can be compared without the distortion imposed by free surface amplification. Such information can provide a useful adjunct to existing measures of signal character used in source discrimination.

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Efficacy of Selective Grinding Guided by an Occlusal Splint in Management of Myofascial Pain: A Prospective Clinical Trial

The Open Dentistry Journal ◽

10.2174/1874210601711010301 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 301-311

Author(s):

Felipe J. Fernández-González ◽

Jorge Cabero-López ◽

Aritza Brizuela ◽

Ivan Suazo ◽

Esteban Pérez-Pevida ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Temporomandibular Joint ◽

Myofascial Pain ◽

Vertical Displacement ◽

Occlusal Splint ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

Skeletal Pattern ◽

Condylar Position ◽

The Stability ◽

Facial Types

Background:For patients whose centric relation (CR) has not been considered at the start and during treatment, the task of achieving an occlusal scheme that works together with the temporomandibular joint, the muscles, and the structures of the stomatognathic apparatus becomes a major concern.Objective:This study aims to describe a reproducible, predictable and to date unreported procedure of selective grinding guided by an occlusal splint and to analyze condylar position (CP) based on the skeletal pattern.Methods:A total of 72 symptomatic patients (38 females and 34 males) were classified into three groups: hyperdivergent, intermediate and hypodivergent. CP was quantified by mounted casts on a measures condyle displacement (MCD) device. Helkimo index was also performed in order to assess the severity of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders attending to clinical dysfunction, occlusal state and anamnestic dysfunction. Once the stability had been obtained, the splint was progressively reduced until the maximum intercuspation (MIC) was achieved.Results:The vertical displacement was found to be significantly different between the hyperdivergent and other two groups (p<0.01). Comparisons of MCD analysis before and after the selective grinding procedure identified a statistically significant difference in the horizontal and vertical CP (p<0.01) between the different groups whereas the Helkimo Index showed a clear improvement of TMJ disorders.Conclusion:All facial types, specially the hyperdivergent face type, showed a reduction in condylar displacement (CD) and less craniomandibular symptoms using this procedure, making it an excellent technique for clinicians.

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Radiographic evaluation of the use of transverse traction device in vertebral arthrodesis for degenerative diseases

Coluna/Columna ◽

10.1590/s1808-18512014130100241 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 27-30

Author(s):

Edgar Takao Utino ◽

João Paulo Machado Bergamaschi ◽

Luciano Antonio Nassar Pellegrino ◽

Ricardo Shigueaki Galhego Umeta ◽

Maria Fernanda Silber Caffaro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Evaluation Studies ◽

Fusion Rate ◽

Radiographic Evaluation ◽

Pedicle Fixation ◽

Degenerative Lumbar Diseases ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Traction Device ◽

Consolidation Rate ◽

The Stability

OBJECTIVE: Perform radiographic analysis of the use of Transverse Traction Device (DTT) with respect to fusion rate in patients submitted to vertebral arthrodesis for degenerative lumbar diseases. METHODS: We selected x-ray images on anteroposterior, lateral and oblique views and with maximum flexion and extension dynamics of 23 patients submitted to posterolateral arthrodesis of the lumbar spine with a minimum follow-up period of six months. The images were evaluated and classified by the Linovitz's system by two spine surgeons. RESULTS: We evaluated the radiographs of 23 patients after the minimum postoperative period of 6 months and of these, 11 have used DTT. With regard to the consolidation rate, seven patients (63.6%) in the group of DTT were classified as fusion as well as six patients (50%) who were not submitted to the treatment. There was no statistical difference between the groups regarding the consolidation rate. CONCLUSION: The use of transverse traction device in this study showed no significant difference in the rate of consolidation in radiographic evaluation. Studies on the effective participation of this device in the stability of pedicle fixation systems are still lacking in the literature.

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Dynamics Analysis of a Mathematical Model for New Product Innovation Diffusion

Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society ◽

10.1155/2020/4716064 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

Chunru Li ◽

Zujun Ma

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Model ◽

Time Delay ◽

Media Coverage ◽

New Product ◽

Normal Form Theory ◽

Center Manifold Theorem ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Form Theory ◽

The Difference ◽

The Stability

In this paper, a mathematical model with time-delay-related parameters and media coverage to describe the diffusion process of new products is proposed, in which the time-delay-related parameters denote the stage in which potential customers decide whether to adopt a new product. Then, the stability and the Hopf bifurcation of the proposed model are analyzed in detail. The center manifold theorem and the normal form theory are used to investigate the stability of the bifurcating periodic solution. Moreover, a numerical simulation is conducted to investigate the difference between the model with delay-dependent parameters and that with delay-independent parameters. The results show that there is significant difference between the two models.

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Multivariate analysis as a tool for measuring the stability of morphometric traits in Lycopersicon plants from in vitro culture

Genetics and Molecular Biology ◽

10.1590/s1415-47572000000200039 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 479-493 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Guillermo Pratta ◽

Roxana Zorzoli ◽

Liliana Amelia Picardi

Keyword(s):

Multivariate Analysis ◽

In Vitro Culture ◽

Principal Component ◽

Eigenvalues And Eigenvectors ◽

Morphometric Traits ◽

Regenerated Plants ◽

Phenotypic Structure ◽

Regeneration Cycle ◽

The Stability

The phenotypic stability of morphometric traits in Lycopersicon spp. (stem perimeter at the base, middle and top, and number of flowers per cluster) was measured by multivariate analysis through a progeny test in order to estimate the genetic stability of these traits. Principal components were calculated for two groups of Lycopersicon spp., non-regenerated plants and the progeny of regenerated plants. Analysis of variance was performed to support principal component analysis. Both groups presented similar eigenvalues and eigenvectors, while no significant differences were found between any of the traits studied. These results indicated that the phenotypic structure was the same among the progeny of regenerated and non-regenerated plants, so that no variation would occur in in vitro culture. Multivariate analysis proved to be an appropriate methodology for the measurement of the stability of morphometric traits after one regeneration cycle.

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Leaf geometric morphometrics among populations of Dalbergia ecastaphyllum (L.) Taub.

Bioscience Journal ◽

10.14393/bj-v35n6a2019-39814 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 35 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Daniel Vieira de Morais ◽

Lorena Andrade Nunes ◽

Vandira Pereira da Mata ◽

Maria Angélica Pereira de Carvalho Costa ◽

Geni da Silva Sodré ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Principal Component Analysis ◽

Geometric Morphometrics ◽

Cross Validation ◽

Abiotic Factors ◽

Principal Component ◽

Canonical Variate ◽

Validation Test ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Variate Analysis ◽

Geographical Distances

Leaves are plant structures that express important traits of the environment where they live. Leaf description has allowed identification of plant species as well as investigation of abiotic factors effects on their development, such as gases, light, temperature, and herbivory. This study described populations of Dalbergia ecastaphyllum through leaf geometric morphometrics in Brazil. We evaluated 200 leaves from four populations. The principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the first four principal components were responsible for 97.81% of variation. The non-parametric multivariate analysis of variance (NPMANOVA) indicated significant difference between samples (p = 0.0001). The Mentel test showed no correlation between geographical distances and shape. The canonical variate analysis (CVA) indicated that the first two variables were responsible for 96.77 % of total variation, while the cross-validation test showed an average of 83.33%. D. ecastaphyllum leaves are elliptical and ovate.

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The assessment of the stability of the corneal structure after LASIK correction of myopia by different optical zone diameters

Vojnosanitetski pregled ◽

10.2298/vsp140627029m ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 73 (6) ◽

pp. 572-576 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Milorad Milivojevic ◽

Vladimir Petrovic ◽

Miroslav Vukosavljevic ◽

Ivan Marjanovic ◽

Mirko Resan

Keyword(s):

Structural Parameters ◽

Preoperative Assessment ◽

Laser In Situ Keratomileusis ◽

Group I ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Optical Zone ◽

Corneal Structure ◽

The Stability ◽

Corneal Thinning

Background/Aim. Enlargement of optical zone (OZ) diameter during laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) correction of myopia postoperatively improves the optical outcome, however, it also leads to the increased stroma tissue consumption - progressive corneal thinning. The aim of this investigation was to present the possibility of safe OZ enlargement without impairing the structural stability of the cornea, while obtaining an improved optical outcome with LASIK treatment of shortsightedness. Methods. Preoperative assessment of the cornea structure and prediction of the ablated stroma tissue consumption was conducted in 37 patients (74 eyes) treated for shortsightedness by means of the LASIK method. With the eyes that, according to their cornea structure, had the capacity for OZ diameter enlargement of 0.5 mm, LASIK treatment was performed within the wider OZ diameter of 7.0 mm compared to the standard 6.5 mm. The following two groups were formed, depending on the diameter of the utilized OZ: the group I (the eyes treated with the OZ 6.5 mm, n = 37) and the group II (the eyes treated with the OZ 7.0 mm, n = 37). Results. No significant difference in the observed structural parameters of the cornea was detected between the groups of patients treated with different OZ diameters. The values of all the parameters were significantly bellow the threshold values for the development of postoperative ectasia. Conclusion. Diameter enlargement of the treated OZ, if there is a preoperative cornea capacity for such enlargement, will not impair the postoperative stability of the cornea structure, and will significantly improve the optical outcome.

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