scholarly journals Genetic Improvement of Torulaspora delbrueckii for Wine Fermentation: Eliminating Recessive Growth-Retarding Alleles and Obtaining New Mutants Resistant to SO2, Ethanol, and High CO2 Pressure

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1372
Author(s):  
Rocío Velázquez ◽  
Alberto Martínez ◽  
Emiliano Zamora ◽  
María L. Álvarez ◽  
Joaquín Bautista-Gallego ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Wine Fermentation ◽  
Sparkling Wine ◽  
Lower Efficiency ◽  
Torulaspora Delbrueckii ◽  
High Co2 ◽  
Enhanced Resistance ◽  
Industrial Level ◽  
Level Production

The use of Torulaspora delbrueckii has been repeatedly proposed to improve a wine’s organoleptic quality. This yeast has lower efficiency in completing wine fermentation than Saccharomyces cerevisiae since it has less fermentation capability and greater sensitivity to SO2, ethanol, and CO2 pressure. Therefore, the completion of fermentation is not guaranteed when must or wine is single-inoculated with T. delbrueckii. To solve this problem, new strains of T. delbrueckii with enhanced resistance to winemaking conditions were obtained. A genetic study of four wine T. delbrueckii strains was carried out. Spore clones free of possible recessive growth-retarding alleles were obtained from these yeasts. These spore clones were used to successively isolate mutants resistant to SO2, then those resistant to ethanol, and finally those resistant to high CO2 pressure. Most of these mutants showed better capability for base wine fermentation than the parental strain, and some of them approached the fermentation capability of S. cerevisiae. The genetic stability of the new mutants was good enough to be used in industrial-level production in commercial wineries. Moreover, their ability to ferment sparkling wine could be further improved by the continuous addition of oxygen in the culture adaptation stage prior to base wine inoculation.

Effect of sequential inoculation (Torulaspora delbrueckii/Saccharomyces cerevisiae) in the first fermentation on the foaming properties of sparkling wine

2016 ◽  
Vol 243 (4) ◽  
pp. 681-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Medina-Trujillo ◽  
Elena González-Royo ◽  
Nathalie Sieczkowski ◽  
José Heras ◽  
Joan Miquel Canals ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Foaming Properties ◽  
Sparkling Wine ◽  
Torulaspora Delbrueckii ◽  
Sequential Inoculation

scholarly journals Effect of sequential inoculation (Torulaspora delbrueckii/Saccharomyces cerevisiae) in the first fermentation on the foam properties of sparkling wine (Cava)

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 02024
Author(s):  
Laura Medina-Trujillo ◽  
Elena González-Royo ◽  
Nathalie Sieczkowski ◽  
José Heras ◽  
Francesca Fort ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Sparkling Wine ◽  
Torulaspora Delbrueckii ◽  
Sequential Inoculation ◽  
Foam Properties

scholarly journals Base Wine and Traditional Sparkling Wine Making Using Torulaspora delbrueckii Killer Yeasts

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Alberto Martínez ◽  
Rocío Velázquez ◽  
Emiliano Zamora ◽  
María L. Franco ◽  
Camille Garzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Esters ◽  
Sparkling Wine ◽  
Torulaspora Delbrueckii ◽  
Organoleptic Quality ◽  
Wine Making ◽  
Low Co2 ◽  
Sweet Wines ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Better Than

The killer strains of Torulaspora delbrueckii can be used to improve the dominance of this yeast during must fermentation. The present work analyzes its usefulness for traditional sparkling wine making. T. delbrueckii killer strain dominated base wine fermentation better than non-killer strains and produced dried wines. The foam ability of T. delbrueckii base wines was very low compared to that of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Significant positive correlations of foam parameters were found with some amounts of C4–C16 ethyl esters and proteins, and negative correlations with some antifoam alcohols. The organoleptic quality of T. delbrueckii base wines was considered unusual for cava making. While S. cerevisiae (single or mixed with T. delbrueckii) completed the second fermentation to produce dry sparkling wines with high CO2 pressure, single T. delbrueckii did not complete this fermentation, leaving sweet wines with low CO2 pressure. Death due to CO2 pressure was much higher in T. delbrueckii than in S. cerevisiae, making any killer effect of S. cerevisiae on T. delbrueckii irrelevant. However, the organoleptic quality of cava inoculated with mixtures of the two yeast species was better than that of wine inoculated exclusively with S. cerevisiae, and no deterioration in the quality of the foam was observed.

Impact of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Torulaspora delbrueckii starter cultures on cocoa beans fermentation

2017 ◽  
Vol 257 ◽  
pp. 31-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simonetta Visintin ◽  
Lacerda Ramos ◽  
Nara Batista ◽  
Paola Dolci ◽  
Freitas Schwan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Starter Cultures ◽  
Cocoa Beans ◽  
Torulaspora Delbrueckii

Biodiversity of autolytic ability in flocculentSaccharomyces cerevisiaestrains suitable for traditional sparkling wine fermentation

Yeast ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 303-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgia Perpetuini ◽  
Paola Di Gianvito ◽  
Giuseppe Arfelli ◽  
Maria Schirone ◽  
Aldo Corsetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wine Fermentation ◽  
Sparkling Wine

scholarly journals Mapping global shifts in Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene expression across asynchronous time trajectories with diffusion maps

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taylor Reiter ◽  
Rachel Montpetit ◽  
Ron Runnebaum ◽  
C. Titus Brown ◽  
Ben Montpetit
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Pinot Noir ◽  
Wine Fermentation ◽  
Gene Expression Patterns ◽  
Expression Data ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Time Series Gene Expression ◽  
Specific Factors

AbstractGrapes grown in a particular geographic region often produce wines with consistent characteristics, suggesting there are site-specific factors driving recurrent fermentation outcomes. However, our understanding of the relationship between site-specific factors, microbial metabolism, and wine fermentation outcomes are not well understood. Here, we used differences in Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene expression as a biosensor for differences among Pinot noir fermentations from 15 vineyard sites. We profiled time series gene expression patterns of primary fermentations, but fermentations proceeded at different rates, making analyzes of these data with conventional differential expression tools difficult. This led us to develop a novel approach that combines diffusion mapping with continuous differential expression analysis. Using this method, we identified vineyard specific deviations in gene expression, including changes in gene expression correlated with the activity of the non-Saccharomyces yeast Hanseniaspora uvarum, as well as with initial nitrogen concentrations in grape musts. These results highlight novel relationships between site-specific variables and Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene expression that are linked to repeated wine fermentation outcomes. In addition, we demonstrate that our analysis approach can extract biologically relevant gene expression patterns in other contexts (e.g., hypoxic response of Saccharomyces cerevisiae), indicating that this approach offers a general method for investigating asynchronous time series gene expression data.ImportanceWhile it is generally accepted that foods, in particular wine, possess sensory characteristics associated with or derived from their place of origin, we lack knowledge of the biotic and abiotic factors central to this phenomenon. We have used Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene expression as a biosensor to capture differences in fermentations of Pinot noir grapes from 15 vineyards across two vintages. We find that gene expression by non-Saccharomyces yeasts and initial nitrogen content in the grape must correlates with differences in gene expression among fermentations from these vintages. These findings highlight important relationships between site-specific variables and gene expression that can be used to understand, or possibly modify, wine fermentation outcomes. Our work also provides a novel analysis method for investigating asynchronous gene expression data sets that is able to reveal both global shifts and subtle differences in gene expression due to varied cell – environment interactions.

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