scholarly journals Mineral Formation under the Influence of Mine Waters (The Kizel Coal Basin, Russia)

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 364
Author(s):  
Elena Menshikova ◽  
Boris Osovetsky ◽  
Sergey Blinov ◽  
Pavel Belkin
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
River Sediments ◽  
Coal Basin ◽  
Mine Waters ◽  
Sandy Gravel ◽  
Underground Waters ◽  
Iron Aluminum ◽  
Natural Minerals ◽  
Coal Deposits ◽  
Acid Mine Waters

The development of coal deposits is accompanied by negative environmental changes. In the territory of the Kizel coal basin (Perm Region, Russia), the problem of contamination of water sources by acid mine waters and runoff from rock dumps is particularly acute. Mine waters are acidic (pH 2–3), with high mineralization (up to 25 g/L) and significant content of sulfate ions, iron, aluminum, manganese, toxic trace elements (As, Co, Ni, Pb and Zn). They are formed as a result of the interaction of underground waters from flooded mines of the Kizel basin with coal and rocks of dumps with high sulfur content (15%). Uncontrolled inflow of mine water into rivers (about 22 million m3 annually) leads to significant amounts of iron and aluminum hydroxide precipitation. These precipitations are in active interaction with river water, polluting the rivers tens of kilometers downstream and are entering the Kama reservoir. Studies of alluvial precipitation can be considered as a method of control and predictors of technogenic water pollution. The mineral composition of river sediments was studied with the application of different methods, including studies of sand-gravel and silty-clayey sediments. The sandy-gravel grains in the bottom load are mainly composed by natural minerals and are represented by a significant number of particles of coal dumps, slags and magnetic spherules. The silty-clayey material, mixed with natural minerals, contains a significant number of amorphous phases with a predominance of iron-rich substances, which may actively concentrate toxic elements. The presence of jarosite, goethite, basaluminite, lepidorocite and copiapite in silty-clayey sediments are indicators of the influence of mine waters.

scholarly journals Research of migration of technogenic bottom sediments with application of modern geoinformation systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-211
Author(s):  
Nikolay Maksimovich ◽  
Olga Berezina ◽  
Olga Meshcheriakova ◽  
Artem Demenev
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Coal Basin ◽  
Mine Waters ◽  
River Ecosystems ◽  
Waste Dumps ◽  
Acid Mine Waters ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Environmental Measures ◽  
And Migration

The study of the regularities of formation and migration of technogenic bottom sediments in river ecosystems of mining regions is an urgent area of works of domestic and foreign researchers in connection with the high need to reduce the anthropogenic impact on the natural components of the environment. This article is devoted to the problems of the migration of pollutants and the formation of technogenic bottom sediments in river ecosystems in the Kizel coal basin (Perm Region, Russia). The scale of the problem is determined by the existence of numerous sources containing extremely high concentrations of elements of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd hazard classes. The main sources of contaminants on the study area are acid mine waters discharged through former mines and springs, as well as effluents from waste dumps. These technogenic solutions are characterized by a multicomponent composition, in which high concentrations of the following elements (Fe, Al, Mn, Zn, Be, Cu, Pb, Cd et al.) are noted. Exceeding the MPC for some elements reaches hundreds and thousands of times; in all, according to various estimates, over 500 km of rivers are polluted in the territory of the former Kizel coal basin and in the zone of its influence. The article describes the characteristics of bottom sediments of the river Kos’va, one of the largest regional rivers, according to long-term observations from 1984–2018, field studies, as well as the use of GIS technologies and the created geo-ecological geoinformation system of the Kizel coal basin. Also, based on international experience, environmental measures were proposed to restore the river ecosystems of the territory.

Hydrogeology of the Kizel coal basin (Western Urals, Russia) in post-mining stage: the main problems and ways of their solution

2020 ◽  
pp. 475-487
Author(s):  
P. A. Ribnikov ◽  
L. S. Ribnikova ◽  
N. G. Maksimovich ◽  
A. D. Demenev
Keyword(s):  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Internal Boundary ◽  
Coal Basin ◽  
Mine Waters ◽  
Groundwater Supply ◽  
Engineering Measures ◽  
Acid Mine Waters ◽  
History Of ◽  
Basic Parameters ◽  
Filtration Properties

Coal mining in the Kizel coal basin was accompanied by intensive mine drainage, drainage of both coal strata and hydraulically associated rock aquifers, the formation of extensive depression craters in the areas of worked mines, the movement of large masses of rocks, the formation of sinkholes over the worked space. These processes have led to significant changes in the filtration characteristics of aquifers and groundwater supply conditions compared to natural conditions. After the dewatering was stopped, 19 outflows of acid mine waters were formed, which are a source of pollution of the hydrosphere. To select engineering measures aimed at improving the environmental situation, it was necessary to assess the balance components involved in the formation of these outflows. The necessary accuracy of the forecast in assessing the balance components of water involved in the formation of outflows both at the present time and in the implementation of engineering measures can be achieved by reproducing the methods of mathematical (geofiltration) modeling of the hydrodynamic history of mining. Groundwater in the Kizel coal basin is formed within several relatively isolated basins of underground catchments. To determine the external boundaries of the models, an approach based on the analysis of the geological, tectonic structure of the territory, filtration properties of rocks, taking into account the geomorphological position of the basin, was used to ensure the correct interface of the boundaries of local models. On the basis of the analysis of long-term data of regime observations at working out of coal mines, generalization of geological and hydrogeological information the substantiation of basic parameters of 8 geofiltration models is executed, external and internal boundary conditions are defined, stratification of each of models is carried out. The value of the infiltration feed for the territory under consideration was taken on the basis of estimates made in different years in the study of the natural regime of groundwater, in the operation of the mine drainage and the analysis of the outflow costs after flooding. The effectiveness of engineering measures was evaluated by analyzing the changes in the balance components of water involved in the formation of spills at the present time and in the implementation of measures, which were considered as plugging wells and mine shafts, the device of bridges in mine workings, injection of reagent into the underground space, removal of surface runoff, pumping groundwater upstream.

scholarly journals Use of Bioluminescence for Monitoring Brown Coal Mine Waters from Deep and Surface Drainage

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3558
Author(s):  
Ryszard Staniszewski ◽  
Dorota Cais-Sokolińska ◽  
Łukasz K. Kaczyński ◽  
Paulina Bielska
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Brown Coal ◽  
Coal Mine ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
River Sediments ◽  
Subsurface Drainage ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Mine Waters ◽  
Surface Drainage

Open-pit mines can cause environmental changes, such as alterations of landscape structure, hydrology, air quality, and river sediments; they can also generate cones of depression. We propose a new method for surveys of mine waters using the example of an open-pit mine in central Poland. This study examines the correlations between bioluminescence and the color of brown coal mine waters and tests whether values of the three-color coordinate system reflected the physicochemical quality of mine waters measured in real-time and in the field. Our results show that alkalinity, pH reaction, and conductivity are higher in surface drainage, while values of trophic parameters (soluble reactive phosphates, total phosphorus, nitrates) are greater in samples representing subsurface drainage. Correlation analysis of bioluminescence with mine water quality parameters showed that only water color had a strong association with bioluminescence. This correlation is stronger for surface drainage, than for mine waters from subsurface drainage. Direct measurement of bioluminescence, resulting from adenosine 5`-triphosphate (ATP) using a luminometer, is a fast and reliable method for evaluation of the characteristics of mine waters in real-time.

scholarly journals MIGRACE RADIONUKLIDU 226Ra V SEDIMENTECH RYCHVALDSKÉ STRUŽKY

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Radek Morcinek ◽  
Josef Zeman
Keyword(s):  
Mine Water ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Geochemical Evolution ◽  
Mining District ◽  
Coal Basin ◽  
Mine Waters ◽  
Upper Silesian Coal Basin ◽  
Substantial Risk ◽  
Mass Activity ◽  
Increased Activity

Large amounts of mining waters are discharged into waterstreams in the region of Ostrava-Karviná Mining District. This paper deals with discharged mine water from the Žofie watershaft , which is located in Petrvald basin in Czech part of Upper Silesian coal basin. Mine water may affect surface watercourses, especially their sediments, which may have increased activity of radium 226Ra. The aim of this work was to evaluate geochemical evolution of the Rychvald creek with regard to the mobility of radium 226Ra and estimate the degree of influence. From the results, it is evident that the mine waters significantly affect the composition of Rychvald creek. Increased equivalent dose was measured only up to the wastewater treatment plant, which probably considerably diluted the water, consequently diminishing migration abilities of radium. From the result of physicochemical parameters it is evident that discharged mine water from the Žofie watershaft affects mainly conductivity, due to high mineralization of discharged mine water. Increased doses of the gamma radiation equivalent, which are related to the increased mass activity of radium 226Ra, were found in the sediment of the first 1 200 m of the Rychvaldské creek. However the determined increased activities of radium 226Ra do not represent neither substantial risk for human health nor important risk for the environment.

New Method for the Direct Determination of Dissolved Fe(III) Concentration in Acid Mine Waters

1999 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 807-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanya Bangthanh To ◽  
D. Kirk Nordstrom ◽  
Kirkwood M. Cunningham ◽  
James W. Ball ◽  
R. Blaine McCleskey
Keyword(s):  
Direct Determination ◽  
New Method ◽  
Mine Waters ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Acid Mine Waters

scholarly journals Contaminant removal by efficient separation of in situ formed layered double hydroxide compounds from mine wastewaters

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 2251-2259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoltán Somosi ◽  
Szabolcs Muráth ◽  
Péter Nagy ◽  
Dániel Sebők ◽  
Istvan Szilagyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Layered Double Hydroxide ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Contaminant Removal ◽  
Efficient Removal ◽  
Mine Waters ◽  
Efficient Separation ◽  
Acid Mine Waters ◽  
Double Hydroxide ◽  
Environmental Challenge

The efficient removal of a range of anionic and cationic contaminants from acid mine waters to facilitate water reuse or for safe discharge constitutes a major environmental challenge.

scholarly journals Geochemical Characterization of the Freshwater Faunal Horizons of the Lublin Formation from the Lublin Coal Basin

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-162
Author(s):  
Ewa Krzeszowska ◽  
Magdalena Kokowska-Pawłowska
Keyword(s):  
Sedimentary Rock ◽  
Sedimentary Environment ◽  
Coal Basin ◽  
Geochemical Characterization ◽  
Coal Deposits ◽  
Icp Ms

Abstract The most important part of the coal-bearing Carboniferous series is the Lublin formation (Lublin beds) (Westphalian A and B), where the main multi-seam coal deposits occur. Westphalian B is represented by a limnic series with are irregularly formed horizons of freshwater faunal. The paper presents the characteristics of horizons containing the remains of freshwater faunal from the boreholes: Borowo, Syczyn 7, Kulik, Kopina 1 (LCB). These horizons build claystones with layers or clay siderite concretions. For the analyzed horizons the content of the following elements: U, Th, V, Cr, Rb, K (ICP-MS) and oxides: Al2O3, SiO2, P2O5, K2O, MgO, CaO, Na2O, K2O, MnO, TiO2, Cr2O3 (XRF) were determined. The most commonly ratios used in the identification of palaeoenvironment sedimentary were calculated (Th/U, Th/K2O, V/Cr, P2O5/Al2O3, Rb/K). It was found that the content of elements U, Th, V, Cr, Rb K showed very similar values for claystones from borehole: Borowo, Syczyn 7, Kulik, while the sample from borehole Kopina 1 clearly lower value was observed. The research for all samples showed that those ratios such as: U, Th, Th/U, P2O5/Al2O3, V/Cr, Rb/K may be used to identify sedimentary environment and to geochemical correlations of the sedimentary rock sequences in the LCB.

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