scholarly journals Kriging Interpolation for Evaluating the Mineral Resources of Cobalt-Rich Crusts on Magellan Seamounts

Minerals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dewen Du ◽  
Shijuan Yan ◽  
Fengli Yang ◽  
Zhiwei Zhu ◽  
Qinglei Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Kriging Interpolation ◽  
Relative Depth ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Magellan Seamounts ◽  
Geostatistical Method ◽  
Surface Data ◽  
Survey Costs ◽  
Variogram Fitting ◽  
Insufficient Number

The evaluation of mineral resources on seamounts by geostatistics faces two key challenges. First, the conventional distance/orientation- and the simple distance-based variogram functions used are ineffective at expressing the spatial self-correlation and continuity of cobalt-rich crust thicknesses on seamounts. Second, the sampling stations used for a single seamount are generally very sparsely distributed because of the high survey costs, which results in an insufficient number of information points for variogram fitting. Here, we present an alternative geostatistical method that uses distance/gradient- and distance/relative-depth-based variograms to process data collected from several neighboring seamounts, allowing the variogram fitting. The application example reported for the Magellan seamounts demonstrates the suitability of the method for evaluating the mineral resources of cobalt-rich crusts. The method could be effective also for the analysis of surface data obtained from mountain slopes on land (e.g., soil).

RESERVOIR MANAGEMENT OF SUBSEA DEVELOPMENT FIELDS IN THE TIMOR SEA

1993 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 363
Author(s):  
G.J. Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Reservoir Management ◽  
Continuous Development ◽  
Reservoir Performance ◽  
Surface Data ◽  
Survey Costs ◽  
Timor Sea

In a subsea development, downhole survey costs are high but the reservoir management requirements are basically the same as those for fields developed onshore or by a platform. This paper describes techniques employed to monitor reservoir performance of a field with a subsea style development, primarily by the utilisation of surface data, supplemented by selected downhole data. Along with a number of field examples, from the Timor Sea, a case study of the recently commissioned Skua Field is presented which demonstrates these techniques and how they were applied to enable effective reservoir management of this subsea development. These techniques include the determination of reservoir pressures, reservoir communication and changing well productivities using surface pressures to evaluate the extent of aquifer support. This data is supported by analytical and numerical reservoir studies to provide an understanding of reservoir performance and to facilitate the continuous development requirements of a producing field and to optimise the recovery of reserves.

A Review on Sustainable Development of Geological Exploration Technology and Risk Management

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Liang ◽  
Panke Tang ◽  
Guoxiang Xiong ◽  
Ziyang Liu ◽  
Dandan Yu
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Economic Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Computer Hardware ◽  
Specific Method ◽  
Geological Exploration ◽  
Geochemical Exploration ◽  
Geophysical Exploration ◽  
Surface Data

Background:: Environmental protection is increasingly emphasized, and higher requirements are put forward for the development of geological prospecting industry. Researchers have been trying their best to explore the mineral resources in the deep part of the earth and the areas with poor working conditions, and avoid the damage of mining development to the environment, so as to achieve the goal of green prospecting and sustainable geological exploration. Methods: This greatly increases the uncertainty of ore prospecting and requires the traditional technical means to be improved. With the great progress of computer hardware and software, the application of geophysical exploration, geochemical exploration, remote sensing and other methods that have little damage to the environment has been improved. A reasonable technology mix can be used more efficiently and explored in a cost-effective way. Conclusion: According to the requirements of green exploration and sustainable exploration, geophysical exploration, geochemical exploration and remote sensing can acquire surface data of a certain area more quickly with less economic cost and lower environmental impact, so as to provide decision for the next step of prospecting and avoid the prospecting risk to the greatest extent. Of course, the prospecting information obtained by the three methods can't directly control mine. The specific method selection and combination need to consider the actual demand, so as to complete the geological exploration work better under the condition of rational use of funds.

Parallel ordinary kriging interpolation incorporating automatic variogram fitting

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 464-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lluís Pesquer ◽  
Ana Cortés ◽  
Xavier Pons
Keyword(s):  
Ordinary Kriging ◽  
Kriging Interpolation ◽  
Variogram Fitting

MarsSI: Martian surface data processing service 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthieu Volat ◽  
Cathy Quantin-Nataf ◽  
Patrick Thollot ◽  
Lucia Mandon
Keyword(s):  
Web Application ◽  
Optical Data ◽  
Martian Surface ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Surface Data ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
The Usa ◽  
External Sources ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
Orbital Data

<p>MarsSI is a platform to help find and process Mars orbital data. Originaly developed in the context of the e-Mars project (2012-2017) funded by the European Research Council, it was certified in 2017 as french national Research Infrastructure by the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) as part of the Planetary Surface Portal (PSUP) [2].</p><p>MarsSI client interface is a web application. The user is provided a map based interface where available products are displayed as footprints. The user can browse and select data from here. A workspace view, allows the user to better review product selection individually. This is also the view where user will be able to request dataset processing.</p><p>All MarsSI proposed pipelines are fully automated and do not require user parametrization. This allows us to keep our global catalog reasonable and have only one version of a single product at a time, that is shared between all users. To retrieve a product, the user will request a copy operation to its home directory, where it will be available for 30 days through SFTP access (the product is kept can be copied again after this).</p><p>As of 2021, MarsSI indexes and give access to the optical data (visible, multi and hyperspectral) and derived products from three missions: Mars Odyssey, Mars Express and Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter. Our emphasis was to provide ”ready-to-use” products in regards of calibration, refinements and georeferencing. The user will be able to visualize and interpret the data in GIS or remote sensing software.</p><p>MarsSI provides access to various optical datasets for visible, multi- and hypespectral data from the various martian orbital missions over the years. We also offer multiple Digital Elevation Model (DEM) datasets. Some of them are provided from external sources (such as those provided by the HiRISE and HSRC teams). But users can also requests med- and high-resolution DEMs generated using the Ames Stereo Pipeline software that are computed on our platform using a custom developed workflow.</p><p>MarsSI is open to the world­ wide scientific community. As of december 2020, we count 215 registered users across 128 institutes. Since it is a french service, 25% of the users are from France, but we also offer data to scientists from the USA, UK, India and China.</p><p>Built upon opensource frameworks and using standardized protocols, MarsSI offers the scientific communities an easy way to process data, most notably DEMs that can be derived from CTX and HiRISE data collection.</p>

Site occupancy in gamma alumina

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 654-655
Author(s):  
C. A. Bateman ◽  
A.Z. Ringwelski ◽  
R.W. Broach
Keyword(s):  
Spinel Structure ◽  
Site Occupancy ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Neutron Diffraction Data ◽  
Gamma Alumina ◽  
Tetrahedral Sites ◽  
Powder Neutron Diffraction ◽  
Cation Sites ◽  
Powder Neutron Diffraction Data ◽  
Insufficient Number

Gamma (γ) alumina is referred to as a defect spinel because it has a tetragonally distorted spinel structure (AB2O4) and an insufficient number of cations to fill all cation sites. In the spinel structure, the oxygen lattice is cubic close packed with A- and B-site cations in tetrahedral and octahedral coordination, respectively. The 2l⅓ Al atoms per unit cell of γ alumina can distribute themselves across 16 octahedral and 8 tetrahedral sites.The literature differs on where the 2⅔ cation vacancies per unit cell are located. Wilson and McConnell proposed that the vacancies in γ alumina, as first formed by calcining boehmite, are predominantly on the tetrahedral lattice but, with further heat treatment, move to occupy random positions on both octahedral and tetrahedral lattices. One study using NMR showed that the vacancies lay exclusively on the tetrahedral lattice, independent of the calcination temperature. A more-recent study using Rietveld refinement of powder neutron diffraction data suggested that both octahedral and tetrahedral lattices were partially occupied.

Engaging Undergraduate Students in Child Language Research

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-16
Author(s):  
Jade H. Coston ◽  
Corine Myers-Jennings
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Student Growth ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Research Knowledge ◽  
Research Dissemination ◽  
Language Sampling ◽  
Language Research ◽  
Language Sample Analysis ◽  
Turn Taking ◽  
Assessment Techniques

To better prepare the professionals and scholars of tomorrow in the field of communication sciences and disorders (CSD), a research project in which undergraduate students collected and analyzed language samples of child-parent dyads is presented. Student researchers gained broad and discipline-specific inquiry skills related to the ethical conduct of research, the literature review process, data collection using language assessment techniques, language sample analysis, and research dissemination. Undergraduate students majoring in CSD developed clinical research knowledge, skills, and dispositions necessary for future graduate level study and professional employment. In addition to the benefits of student growth and development, language samples collected through this project are helping to answer research questions regarding communicative turn-taking opportunities within the everyday routines of young children, the effects of turn-taking interactions on language development, and the construct validity of language sampling analysis techniques.

Scientific Problem Solving in a Virtual Laboratory: A Comparison Between Individuals and Pairs

2008 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yolanda A. Métrailler ◽  
Ester Reijnen ◽  
Cornelia Kneser ◽  
Klaus Opwis
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Scientific Problem ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Scientific Problem Solving ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Verbal Data ◽  
Psychological Knowledge ◽  
Problem Solving Task

This study compared individuals with pairs in a scientific problem-solving task. Participants interacted with a virtual psychological laboratory called Virtue to reason about a visual search theory. To this end, they created hypotheses, designed experiments, and analyzed and interpreted the results of their experiments in order to discover which of five possible factors affected the visual search process. Before and after their interaction with Virtue, participants took a test measuring theoretical and methodological knowledge. In addition, process data reflecting participants’ experimental activities and verbal data were collected. The results showed a significant but equal increase in knowledge for both groups. We found differences between individuals and pairs in the evaluation of hypotheses in the process data, and in descriptive and explanatory statements in the verbal data. Interacting with Virtue helped all students improve their domain-specific and domain-general psychological knowledge.

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