scholarly journals Investigation of the Antifungal Activity and Mode of Action of Thymus vulgaris, Citrus limonum, Pelargonium graveolens, Cinnamomum cassia, Ocimum basilicum, and Eugenia caryophyllus Essential Oils

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 1116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Gucwa ◽  
Sławomir Milewski ◽  
Tomasz Dymerski ◽  
Piotr Szweda
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Pelargonium Graveolens ◽  
Cinnamomum Cassia ◽  
Citrus Limonum

scholarly journals Mycotoxins Content of Smoked Fishes Sampled on Market Stalls of Ngaoundere and Antifungal Activity of Essential Oils of Cymbopogon citratus and Ocimum basilicum against Mycotoxin Producing Strains

2020 ◽  
pp. 36-47
Author(s):  
Nadege D. Nganou ◽  
Eliane S. Tchinda ◽  
Alphonse T. Sokamte ◽  
Franklin K. Ngoualem ◽  
Steve F. Nodem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Penicillium Citrinum ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Smoked Fish ◽  
Study Laboratory

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the sanitary quality of smoked fish by determining their mycotoxin content, and also the chemical composition, antifungal activity of Cymbopogon citratus and Ocimum basilicum essential oils from Cameroon against some mycotoxigenic fungal strains responsible of the smoked fish biodegradation. Place and Duration of Study: Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Biotechnology, National School of Agro-Industrial Sciences, University of Ngaoundere, Cameroon, from August 2019 to April 2020. Methodology: Fifteen samples of smoked fishes have been collected in August 2019 from “petit marché” market (Ngaoundere, Cameroon). Physico-chemical parameters of smoked fishes were evaluated. Mycotoxin (AFB1, CIT, and OTA) contents have been determined with HPLC. Isolation and identification of molds were done using their macroscopic and microscopic characteristics, and the identity of the strains was done by PCR sequencing methods. For plants, 15 kg of Cymbopogon citratus leaves and 5 kg of Ocimum basilicum leaves have been harvested on 10 September 2019 in Ngaoundere and used for the essential oil’s extraction. Essential oil extraction has been done through hydrodistillation and the determination of its chemical composition done with GC/MS. Results: Major part of samples contains at least one mycotoxin, in quantities which are beyond the safe dose. Eleven species of molds have been identified: Aspergillus spp., Penicillium citrinum, and Mucor hiemalis. Amongst the isolated species, those which can produce mycotoxins are: Penicillium citrinum, Aspergillus versicolor, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus carbonarius, Aspergillus niger, and Fusarium moniliforme. Geranial (42.4%), Neral (33.5%) and Myrcene (10.8%) are major compounds found in the essential oil of C. citratus while monoterpens (60.8%), Eugenol (30.7%), Linalol (29.4%) and 1,8-Cineol (14.3%) are the major compounds found in the essential oil of O. basilicum.  Conclusion: Essential oils of C. citratus and O. basilicum are efficient against isolated toxigenic species. C. citratus being more efficient than O. basilicum.

scholarly journals Atividade antibacteriana de Óleos Essenciais sobre Streptococcus mutans e Staphylococcus aureus

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (2 suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 372-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.C.M. Freire ◽  
A.L.A.L. Pérez ◽  
A.M.R. Cardoso ◽  
B.A.L.A. Mariz ◽  
L.F.D. Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Cinnamomum Cassia

Este trabalho objetivou avaliar a ação antimicrobiana in vitro dos óleos essenciais de Ocimum basilicum (Manjericão Exótico), Thymus vulgaris (Tomilho Branco), e de Cinnamomum cassia (Canela da China) sobre cepas bacterianas de Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175) e Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923). A atividade antibacteriana dos óleos essenciais foi determinada pela Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM) e a Concentração Bactericida Mínima (CBM) através da técnica de microdiluição e do esgotamento. Para a CIM, foram utilizadas placas de 96 poços e inseriu-se 100µL de caldo BHI, 100µL da diluição dos óleos essenciais no primeiro poço e 10µL da suspensão bacteriana (1,5x10(6) microrganismos/mL). Realizou-se a diluição seriada partindo-se da concentração inicial de 8% até 0,0625%. A CIM correspondeu à última diluição na qual não foi verificada a presença de bactérias. Para obter a CBM, realizou-se a semeadura em Ágar Miller-Hinton das diluições correspondentes a CIM, 2CIM e 4CIM. As placas foram incubadas a 37º C em estufa bacteriológica por 24 horas. Os testes foram realizados em triplicata tendo a clorexidina como controle positivo. Para S. aureus (ATCC 25923) a CIM e CBM dos óleos essenciais de C. cassia, O. basilicum e T. vulgaris foram 0,0625%, 4% e 0,0625%, respectivamente. Para S. mutans a CIM e a CBM dos óleos essenciais de C. cassia e T. vulgaris foram 0,125% e 0,25%, respectivamente. Já a CIM do O. basilicum foi 4% e não apresentou ação bactericida. Conclui-se que os óleos essenciais avaliados apresentaram ação antibacteriana frente a cepas de S. mutans e S. aureus, sendo que os menores valores de CIM e de CBM foram provenientes dos óleos de C. cassia e T. vulgaris.

scholarly journals Synergistic Activity of New Diclofenac and Essential Oils Combinations against Different Candida spp.

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 688
Author(s):  
Antonio Rosato ◽  
Elisabetta Altini ◽  
Sabina Sblano ◽  
Lara Salvagno ◽  
Filippo Maggi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Synergistic Activity ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Pelargonium Graveolens ◽  
Mentha X Piperita ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Antimicrobial And Antifungal Activity

According to recent studies, Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) have shown a good antimicrobial and antifungal activity. Their association with essential oils (EOs) could be useful for the treatment of infections caused by Candida spp. The aim of this studyis to evaluate the synergistic antifungal activity of new combinations between Diclofenac Sodium Salt (DSS), a widely used NSAID, with EOs of Mentha x piperita, Pelargonium graveolens and Melaleuca alternifolia. The in-vitroantifungal activity was determined on different Candida strains. The determination of the chemical composition of EOs was carried out by gaschromatography-massspectrometry (GC-MS). Susceptibility testing of planktonic cells was performed by using the broth microdilution assay and checkerboard methods. Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) of DSS was in a range from 1.02 to 2.05 mg/mL reaching a MIC value of 0.05 mg/mL when combined with Pelargonium graveolens (FICI= 0.23–0.35) or Menthapiperita (FICI= 0.22–0.30) EOs. These preliminary results show thatthe combination of the EOs with DSS improves the antifungal activity on all the tested Candida strains.

scholarly journals Etude De L’Activité Antioxydante Des Huiles Essentielles De Plantes Aromatiques Et Médicinales Marocaines

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 323
Author(s):  
Rachid Ismaili ◽  
Sara Houbairi ◽  
Lanouari Sanâa ◽  
Moustaid Khadija ◽  
Lamiri Abdeslam
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Mentha Spicata ◽  
Strong Activity ◽  
Citrus Limonum

Morocco is a traditional supplier of medicinal and aromatic plants to the world. This activity has resulted to the exploitation of wild plants than dried plants for herbal needs and food flavors. Many species are used for the production of plant extracts and other aromatic essences mainly for the pharmaceutical and cosmetics industry. Among these metabolites, there are essential oils that are mixtures of aromatic substances present in the form of tiny droplets in the leaves, fruit peel, resin, branches, and wood. These oils, however, is endowed with antioxidant properties. This study aims to evaluate the antioxidant activity of essential oils of three moroccan aromatic and medicinal plants: Thymus vulgaris, Mentha spicata, and Citrus limonum. The oil extraction was performed by steam distillation in a Clevenger type apparatus. Also, the antioxidant activity of these oils was evaluated by the method of DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), in comparison with the antioxidant synthetic, ascorbic acid. In the present work, the results showed that the antioxidant activity of three essential oils studied by the trapping method of free radical is moderate. Also, the oil of Thymus vulgaris has a strong activity which exceeds that of ascorbic acid. This was followed by the oil of Mentha spicata, while the lowest activity was observed in Citrus limonum.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Efficacy of Ocimum basilicum L. Essential Oil against Stored Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Molds Sold in Ngaoundere (Cameroon)

2020 ◽  
pp. 55-65
Author(s):  
Nadege Donkeng Nganou ◽  
Steve Francky Sohanang Nodem ◽  
Thierry Marcel Ntsamo Beumo ◽  
Alphonse Tegang Sokamte ◽  
Leopold Ngoune Tatsadjieu
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Alternaria Solani ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Mycotoxigenic Fungi

The aimed of this study to evaluate the antifungal activity of essential oils of Ocimum basilicum L. on some fungi isolated from commercial rice sold in Cameroon. Fungal isolates were primarily identified based on morphological characteristics, while representative isolates were identified using PCR-based methods. Essential oils were extracted by hydro-distillation, chemical composition was analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and antifungal activity against isolated fungi were assessed using the micro-atmospheric method. The percentage of frequency and abundance varied with the sample analyzed and the fungi detected. A total of 85 fungal isolates of eight genera including Aspergillus, Fusarium, Penicillium, Rhizopus, Cladosporum, Mucor Alternaria and Acremonium in decreasing order of predominance were identified. The most fungal species identified were Aspergillus flavus, A. fumgatis, A. niger, A. carbonarius, Fusarium oxysporum, F. graminarum, F. moniliforme, Penicillium citrinum, P. expansum, Rhizopus oryzea, Cladosporum sp, Mucor hiemalis, Alternaria solani, Acremonium murorum. More than 61% (A. flavus, A. niger, P. citrinum) and 44% (M. hiemalis, A. flavus, A. niger) of analyzed samples contain respectively aflatoxin B1, AFB1 (0 - 17.3 µg/kg) and ochratoxin A, OTA (0 - 5.2 µg/kg). Citrinin was not detected. The main compounds identified in O. basilicum EO are eugenol (30.6), linalool (29.5), cineole (14.4), Terpinen-4-ol (5.6), 2-norpinen (4.1), Cadinen (3.3), Limonen (2.4) and (E)-β-Ocimene (2.2). The O. basilicum EO exhibit antifungal activity with the MIC range from 750-2000 ppm. This activity varies with the strains and the concentration of EO. The increased prevalence of mycotoxigenic fungi in rice, a highly consumed food grain in Africa, poses serious health concerns to the general public. The O. basilicum EO can therefore be used as alternatives to synthetic pesticide in rice storage.

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