scholarly journals Vasorelaxant Effect of Prunus mume (Siebold) Siebold & Zucc. Branch through the Endothelium-Dependent Pathway

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (18) ◽  
pp. 3340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheolmin Jo ◽  
Bumjung Kim ◽  
Somin Lee ◽  
Inhye Ham ◽  
Kyungjin Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate ◽  
Guanosine Monophosphate ◽  
Prunus Mume ◽  
Vascular Relaxation ◽  
Health Food ◽  
Action Mechanism ◽  
Tetraethylammonium Chloride ◽  
Vasorelaxant Effect ◽  
Dependent Pathway

Korean plum (Prunus mume (Siebold) Siebold & Zucc.) has long been used as a health food or herbal medicine in Asia. Previous studies have shown that several plants of the genus Prunus have vasodilatory and antihypertensive effects; we hypothesized that P. mume branches may have a vasorelaxant effect. In this study, we evaluated the effects and action mechanism of 70% ethanol extract of P. mume branch (PMB) on isolated rat aortic rings. Inhibitors such as NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester, 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one, methylene blue, indomethacin, atropine, tetraethylammonium chloride, glibenclamide, 4-aminopyridine and BaCl2 were used to investigate the mechanism of vasodilation responsible for the vascular relaxation. PMB (2–30 μg/mL) induced vasorelaxation in the presence of vascular endothelium, and all inhibitors used in this study affected the degree of relaxation. These results suggest that the vasorelaxant effect of PMB is endothelium-dependent and affects the nitric oxide-cyclic guanosine monophosphate pathway, prostacyclin pathway, muscarinic receptor pathway, and potassium channels. Our study explains that PMB may be another approach to hypertension treatment to reduce the burden of cardiovascular disease.

scholarly journals A Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate-Dependent Pathway Can Regulate Net Hepatic Glucose Uptake in Vivo

Diabetes ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (10) ◽  
pp. 2433-2441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. An ◽  
J. J. Winnick ◽  
M. C. Moore ◽  
B. Farmer ◽  
M. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate ◽  
Guanosine Monophosphate ◽  
Hepatic Glucose ◽  
Hepatic Glucose Uptake ◽  
Dependent Pathway

scholarly journals Insight into the Mechanisms Underlying the Tracheorelaxant Properties of the Sideritis raeseri Extract

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Berat Krasniqi ◽  
Shpëtim Thaçi ◽  
Miribane Dërmaku-Sopjani ◽  
Arleta Rifati-Nixha ◽  
Sokol Abazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate ◽  
No Synthase ◽  
Guanosine Monophosphate ◽  
Organ Bath ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Cyclooxygenase 1 ◽  
Synthase Inhibitor

Sideritis raeseri Boiss. and Heldr. (Lamiaceae), known as “mountain tea,” is a native plant from the Mediterranean region, which is widely used in traditional medicine. This study evaluates the effects of the ethanol extract of Sideritis raeseri (SR) on airway smooth muscle activity and identifies the underlying mechanism. The S. raeseri extract (SRE) was extracted from air-dried parts of the shoot system of SR. The SRE (0.3–2 mg/mL) was tested in isolated rabbit tracheal rings, suspended in the organ bath, filled with Krebs solution, and bubbled with the carbogen mixture (95% O2/5% CO2) under a resting tension of 1 g in 37°C. In in vitro experiments, the SRE relaxed against acetylcholine-induced constriction in tracheal rings. Furthermore, SRE inhibited Ca2+-induced contractions in carbachol (CCh, 1 μM) as well as in the K+-depolarized trachea (80 mM). Our findings showed the NO/cGMP involvement in tracheorelaxant effects of SR. To this end, the effect of the SRE was potentiated by bradykinin (nitric oxide (NO) synthase activator, 100 nM), whereas it was inhibited by ODQ (inhibitor of NO-sensitive guanylyl cyclase, 10 μM) and L-NAME (NO synthase inhibitor, 100 μM), as well as indomethacin (cyclooxygenase inhibitor, 10 μM). These data suggest that the tracheorelaxant effect of the SRE is mediated at least partly by NO/cyclic guanosine monophosphate and cyclooxygenase-1-prostaglandin E2-dependent signaling. These findings indicate that the SRE may be used in various respiratory disorders.

Nitric oxide attenuates platelet-activating factor priming for elastase release in human neutrophils via a cyclic guanosine monophosphate-dependent pathway

Surgery ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A Partrick ◽  
Ernest E Moore ◽  
Patrick J Offner ◽  
Carlton C Barnett ◽  
Michael Barkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Platelet Activating Factor ◽  
Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate ◽  
Guanosine Monophosphate ◽  
Human Neutrophils ◽  
Dependent Pathway

Polydatin Attenuates Carbachol-induced Contraction of Guinea Pig Gallbladder

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
Chen Lei ◽  
Pan Xiang ◽  
Shen Yonggang ◽  
Song Kai ◽  
Zhong Xingguo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Smooth Muscles ◽  
Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate ◽  
Guanosine Monophosphate ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Dose Dependent

The aim of this study was to determine whether polydatin, a glucoside of resveratrol isolated from the root of Polygonum cuspidatum, warranted development as a potential therapeutic for ameliorating the pain originating from gallbladder spasm disorders and the underlying mechanisms. Guinea pig gallbladder smooth muscles were treated with polydatin and specific inhibitors to explore the mechanisms underpinning polydatin-induced relaxation of carbachol-precontracted guinea pig gallbladder. Our results shown that polydatin relaxed carbachol-induced contraction in a dose-dependent manner through the nitric oxide/cyclic guanosine monophosphate/protein kinase G and the cyclic adenosine monophosphate/protein kinase A signaling pathways as well as the myosin light chain kinase and potassium channels. Our findings suggested that there was value in further exploring the potential therapeutic use of polydatin in gallbladder spasm disorders.

Soluble Guanylate Cyclase Stimulators and Activators: Where are We and Where to Go?

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (18) ◽  
pp. 1544-1557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sijia Xiao ◽  
Qianbin Li ◽  
Liqing Hu ◽  
Zutao Yu ◽  
Jie Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Guanylate Cyclase ◽  
Soluble Guanylate Cyclase ◽  
Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate ◽  
Guanosine Monophosphate ◽  
Smooth Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Secondary Messenger ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Cgmp Pathway ◽  
Preclinical And Clinical Studies

Soluble Guanylate Cyclase (sGC) is the intracellular receptor of Nitric Oxide (NO). The activation of sGC results in the conversion of Guanosine Triphosphate (GTP) to the secondary messenger cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate (cGMP). cGMP modulates a series of downstream cascades through activating a variety of effectors, such as Phosphodiesterase (PDE), Protein Kinase G (PKG) and Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Ion Channels (CNG). NO-sGC-cGMP pathway plays significant roles in various physiological processes, including platelet aggregation, smooth muscle relaxation and neurotransmitter delivery. With the approval of an sGC stimulator Riociguat for the treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH), the enthusiasm in the discovery of sGC modulators continues for broad clinical applications. Notably, through activating the NO-sGC-cGMP pathway, sGC stimulator and activator potentiate for the treatment of various diseases, such as PAH, Heart Failure (HF), Diabetic Nephropathy (DN), Systemic Sclerosis (SS), fibrosis as well as other diseases including Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) and Central Nervous System (CNS) disease. Here, we review the preclinical and clinical studies of sGC stimulator and activator in recent years and prospect for the development of sGC modulators in the near future.

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