scholarly journals Inhibitory Effect of Thai Purple Rice Husk Extract on Chemically Induced Carcinogenesis in Rats

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 360
Author(s):  
Charatda Punvittayagul ◽  
Arpamas Chariyakornkul ◽  
Paweena Sankam ◽  
Rawiwan Wongpoomchai
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Vanillic Acid ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Hepatocyte Proliferation ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Preneoplastic Lesions ◽  
Inhibitory Mechanisms ◽  
Chemically Induced ◽  
Hepatic Glutathione

This study investigated the cancer chemopreventive effects of an acidic methanol extract of purple rice husk on chemically induced carcinogenesis in rats. This purple rice husk extract (PRHE) had high polyphenol contents. Vanillic acid was a major phenolic compound in PRHE. Three major anthocyanins found in PRHE were malvidin-3-glucoside, peonidin-3-glucoside and cyanidin-3-glucoside. PRHE was not toxic and clastogenic in rats. The LD50 of PRHE was greater than 2000 mg kg−1 body weight (BW). The oral administration of 300 or 1000 mg kg−1 BW of PRHE for 28 days significantly decreased the number of micronucleated hepatocytes in diethylnitrosamine-initiated rats. The inhibitory mechanisms were associated with the reduction of cytochrome P450 2E1 expression and induction of some detoxifying enzymes in the liver. In addition, treatment with 500 mg kg−1 BW of PRHE for eight weeks did not induce preneoplastic lesions in the liver and colon. It significantly inhibited hepatic glutathione-S-transferase positive foci formation induced by diethylnitrosamine and 1,2-dimethylhydrazine by suppression of hepatocyte proliferation and induction of apoptosis. In conclusion, PRHE did not present toxicity, clastogenicity or carcinogenicity in rats. It exhibited cancer chemopreventive properties against chemically induced early stages rat hepatocarcinogenesis. Anthocyanins and vanillic acid might be candidate anticarcinogenic compounds in purple rice husk.

scholarly journals Protective Effects of Defatted Sticky Rice Bran Extracts on the Early Stages of Hepatocarcinogenesis in Rats

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 2142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aphisit Dokkaew ◽  
Charatda Punvittayagul ◽  
Orapin Insuan ◽  
Pornngarm Limtrakul (Dejkriengkraikul) ◽  
Rawiwan Wongpoomchai
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Preneoplastic Lesions ◽  
Rice Bran Extract ◽  
Initiation Stage

Use of natural products is one strategy to lessen cancer incidence. Rice bran, especially from colored rice, contains high antioxidant activity. Cancer chemopreventive effects of hydrophilic purple rice bran extract (PRBE) and white rice bran extract (WRBE) on carcinogen-induced preneoplastic lesion formation in livers of rats were investigated. A 15-week administration of PRBE and WRBE did not induce hepatic glutathione S-transferase placental form (GST-P) positive foci formation as the biomarker of rat hepatocarcinogenesis. PRBE and WRBE at 500 mg/kg body weight significantly decreased number and size of GST-P positive foci in diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-initiated rats. The number of proliferating nuclear antigen positive hepatocytes were also reduced in preneoplastic lesions in both PRBE and WRBE fed DEN-treated rats. Notably, the inhibitory effect on GST-P positive foci formation induced by DEN during the initiation stage was found only in rats treated by PRBE for five weeks. Furthermore, PRBE attenuated the expression of proinflammatory cytokines involving genes including TNF-α, iNOS, and NF-κB. PBRE contained a higher number of anthocyanins and other phenolic compounds and vitamin E. PRBE might protect DEN-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in rats via attenuation of cellular inflammation and cell proliferation. Anthocyanins and other phenolic compounds, as well as vitamin E, might play a role in cancer chemopreventive activity in rice bran extract.

Inhibitory effect of anthocyanidins on hepatic glutathione S-transferase, UDP-glucuronosyltransferase and carbonyl reductase activities in rat and human

Xenobiotica ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (8) ◽  
pp. 679-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbora Szotáková ◽  
Hana Bártíková ◽  
Jitka Hlaváčová ◽  
Iva Boušová ◽  
Lenka Skálová
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Carbonyl Reductase ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Hepatic Glutathione ◽  
Udp Glucuronosyltransferase

scholarly journals F4/80+ Kupffer Cell-Derived Oncostatin M Sustains the Progression Phase of Liver Regeneration through Inhibition of TGF-β2 Pathway

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 2231
Author(s):  
Qingjun Lu ◽  
Hao Shen ◽  
Han Yu ◽  
Jing Fu ◽  
Hui Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Regeneration ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Regenerative Process ◽  
Oncostatin M ◽  
Hepatocyte Proliferation ◽  
Initiation Phase ◽  
Distinct Role

The role of Kupffer cells (KCs) in liver regeneration is complicated and controversial. To investigate the distinct role of F4/80+ KCs at the different stages of the regeneration process, two-thirds partial hepatectomy (PHx) was performed in mice to induce physiological liver regeneration. In pre- or post-PHx, the clearance of KCs by intraperitoneal injection of the anti-F4/80 antibody (α-F4/80) was performed to study the distinct role of F4/80+ KCs during the regenerative process. In RNA sequencing of isolated F4/80+ KCs, the initiation phase was compared with the progression phase. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining of Ki67, HNF-4α, CD-31, and F4/80 and Western blot of the TGF-β2 pathway were performed. Depletion of F4/80+ KCs in pre-PHx delayed the peak of hepatocyte proliferation from 48 h to 120 h, whereas depletion in post-PHx unexpectedly led to persistent inhibition of hepatocyte proliferation, indicating the distinct role of F4/80+ KCs in the initiation and progression phases of liver regeneration. F4/80+ KC depletion in post-PHx could significantly increase TGF-β2 serum levels, while TGF-βRI partially rescued the impaired proliferation of hepatocytes. Additionally, F4/80+ KC depletion in post-PHx significantly lowered the expression of oncostatin M (OSM), a key downstream mediator of interleukin-6, which is required for hepatocyte proliferation during liver regeneration. In vivo, recombinant OSM (r-OSM) treatment alleviated the inhibitory effect of α-F4/80 on the regenerative progression. Collectively, F4/80+ KCs release OSM to inhibit TGF-β2 activation, sustaining hepatocyte proliferation by releasing a proliferative brake.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Chemopreventive Effect of Aliophen® Formulation Based on Malts and Hops

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Idolo Tedesco ◽  
Carmela Spagnuolo ◽  
Stefania Bilotto ◽  
Angelo A. Izzo ◽  
Francesca Borrelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Effects ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Ldl Oxidation ◽  
Preneoplastic Lesions ◽  
Chemically Induced ◽  
Chemopreventive Effect ◽  
The One ◽  
Higher Doses

Experimental and clinical studies evidenced the health effects of moderate consumption of beer, mainly due to the presence of bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols, vitamins, or fibers. To exploit the potential beneficial effect on health and in disease prevention of these compounds, a new beverage based on barley malts and hops named Aliophen® has been designed, through a patented production process, with a high total polyphenolic amount compared to alcohol-free beer and similar to the one present in light and dark beers. In the present study, the antioxidant activity of Aliophen® against low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation and its ability to protect erythrocytes from hemolysis have been characterized. Moreover, the chemopreventive effect of Aliophen® against colon cancer has been assessed, employing a mouse model of chemically induced carcinogenesis using azoxymethane (AOM). Data obtained showed that Aliophen at a low dose (3 mg/kg) inhibited the formation of preneoplastic lesions, polyps, and tumors. At higher doses (300 mg/kg) the protective effect was measured in the first phase of the onset of cancer. The antioxidant properties of Aliophen® were also observed in AOM-treated mice where it increased the serum antioxidant capacity. Based on the data presented, Aliophen® can exert promising health effects, including an anticancer capacity presumably associated with its antioxidant properties.

scholarly journals ANTI-MYCOBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF CAPPARIS SPINOSA L. EXTRACT AGAINST CLINICAL ISOLATES OF MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azadeh Ehsanifar ◽  
Nadia Kazemipoor ◽  
Bahman Fouladi
Keyword(s):  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Reference Sample ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Capparis Spinosa ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Microbial Effects

  Objective: Tuberculosis (TB) has been one of the biggest global health issues for decades. Emerging forms of the disease; however, after many years since the discovery of the last effective treatment for this disease, the emerging forms of it have made scientists worried about the disease. Most herbs have anti-microbial properties; however, there was no research on the impact of fruit Capparis spinosa on TB. This study was conducted to evaluate the anti-microbial effects of bacterial C. spinosa.Methods: In this study, methanolic extract at maximum efficiency to maintain existing substances was prepared by the freeze dryer device and to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration of bacteria’s growth. The proportional method was used on 7 clinical samples and one reference sample H37RV with its six concentrations (80-50-25-10-1-0/2 mg/ml). In addition, to determine the effects of plant extracts in combination with rifampin, all samples were tested by the supplement combination or cover combination of these two materials. All tests were performed twice. The methanol extract of the plant at the concentration of 25 mg/mL in all samples has inhibitory effect on the growth.Results: In study, clinical samples with a lethal dose of RIFAMPIN, it was shown that none of the samples have drug resistance. The results have revealed that the methanol extract has an anti-mycobacterial effect.Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that Capparis spinosa possess considerable anti-mycobacterial properties in the laboratory. These results can be used as a background for further future studies on this species.

Sex Difference in Subunit Composition of Hepatic Glutathione S-Transferase in Rats

1985 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi IGARASHI ◽  
Tetsuo SATOH ◽  
Keiko IWASHITA ◽  
Satoshi ONO ◽  
Koichi UENO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Difference ◽  
Subunit Composition ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Hepatic Glutathione
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