scholarly journals ANTI-MYCOBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF CAPPARIS SPINOSA L. EXTRACT AGAINST CLINICAL ISOLATES OF MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azadeh Ehsanifar ◽  
Nadia Kazemipoor ◽  
Bahman Fouladi
Keyword(s):  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Reference Sample ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Capparis Spinosa ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Microbial Effects

  Objective: Tuberculosis (TB) has been one of the biggest global health issues for decades. Emerging forms of the disease; however, after many years since the discovery of the last effective treatment for this disease, the emerging forms of it have made scientists worried about the disease. Most herbs have anti-microbial properties; however, there was no research on the impact of fruit Capparis spinosa on TB. This study was conducted to evaluate the anti-microbial effects of bacterial C. spinosa.Methods: In this study, methanolic extract at maximum efficiency to maintain existing substances was prepared by the freeze dryer device and to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration of bacteria’s growth. The proportional method was used on 7 clinical samples and one reference sample H37RV with its six concentrations (80-50-25-10-1-0/2 mg/ml). In addition, to determine the effects of plant extracts in combination with rifampin, all samples were tested by the supplement combination or cover combination of these two materials. All tests were performed twice. The methanol extract of the plant at the concentration of 25 mg/mL in all samples has inhibitory effect on the growth.Results: In study, clinical samples with a lethal dose of RIFAMPIN, it was shown that none of the samples have drug resistance. The results have revealed that the methanol extract has an anti-mycobacterial effect.Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that Capparis spinosa possess considerable anti-mycobacterial properties in the laboratory. These results can be used as a background for further future studies on this species.

Role of Nutraceuticals in Health Promotion and Disease Prevention: A Review in the Indian Context

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-145
Author(s):  
Sheena Chhabra ◽  
Apurva Bakshi ◽  
Ravineet Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Disease Prevention ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Scholarly Literature ◽  
Indian Context ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Immense Potential ◽  
Specific Health

Nutraceuticals have been around for quite some time. As the nomenclature suggests, they are placed somewhere between food (nutra-) and medicine (-ceuticals) in terms of their impact on human health. Researches have focused on the impact of various types of nutraceuticals on health, their efficacy in health promotion and disease prevention, and often on suitable uses of certain categories of nutraceuticals for specific health issues. However, we are still far from utilizing the immense potential of nutraceuticals for benefiting human health in a substantial manner. We review the available scholarly literature regarding the role of nutraceuticals in health promotion, their efficacy in disease prevention and the perception of nutraceuticals' health benefits by consumers. Thereafter we analyze the need for regulation of nutraceuticals and various provisions regarding the same.

Impact of Nanotechnology Patents on Green Development of China's Building Industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-152
Author(s):  
Xialing Sun ◽  
Rui Zhang ◽  
Xue Chen ◽  
Pengpeng Li ◽  
Jin Guo
Keyword(s):  
Total Factor Productivity ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Building Industry ◽  
Factor Productivity ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Technological Support ◽  
Green Development ◽  
Panel Data Regression ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Building Engineering

Background: The sustainable development of the building industry has drawn increasing attention around the world. Nanomaterials and nanotechnology play an important role in the processes of energy saving and reducing consumption in the building industry. Nanotechnology patents provide key technological support for the green development of the building industry. Based on patent data in China, this paper quantitatively analyzed the application of nanotechnology patents in the building industry and the time trend, regional differences, and evolution of China's nano-patent applications in the building field. Methods: In this study, the environmental total factor productivity of the building industry considering carbon constraints was determined and then used as the dependent variable to measure the green development of the building industry. On this basis, a panel data regression model was constructed to determine the impact of nano-patents on the green development of the building industry. Results: Nanotechnology patents in the building industry can significantly improve total factor productivity. From the perspective of patent composition, technology-based patents that focus on substantial innovation can significantly promote the green development of the building industry, whereas strategic patents show a significant inhibitory effect. Regionally, the western region of China has the advantage of being less developed and thus more efficient than the central and eastern regions in the application of new nano-products. Finally, the research also showed a significant lag in the application of China's nanotechnology patents and low implementation efficiency. Conclusion: Nano patents can promote green development in the building industry, but there is room for improvement in the speed with which laboratory inventions are transformed into building engineering applications.

scholarly journals The Impact of Alkaloid-Producing Epichloë Endophyte on Forage Ryegrass Breeding: A New Zealand Perspective

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Colin Eady
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Abiotic Stressors ◽  
Livestock Health ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Epichloë Endophyte

For 30 years, forage ryegrass breeding has known that the germplasm may contain a maternally inherited symbiotic Epichloë endophyte. These endophytes produce a suite of secondary alkaloid compounds, dependent upon strain. Many produce ergot and other alkaloids, which are associated with both insect deterrence and livestock health issues. The levels of alkaloids and other endophyte characteristics are influenced by strain, host germplasm, and environmental conditions. Some strains in the right host germplasm can confer an advantage over biotic and abiotic stressors, thus acting as a maternally inherited desirable ‘trait’. Through seed production, these mutualistic endophytes do not transmit into 100% of the crop seed and are less vigorous than the grass seed itself. This causes stability and longevity issues for seed production and storage should the ‘trait’ be desired in the germplasm. This makes understanding the precise nature of the relationship vitally important to the plant breeder. These Epichloë endophytes cannot be ‘bred’ in the conventional sense, as they are asexual. Instead, the breeder may modulate endophyte characteristics through selection of host germplasm, a sort of breeding by proxy. This article explores, from a forage seed company perspective, the issues that endophyte characteristics and breeding them by proxy have on ryegrass breeding, and outlines the methods used to assess the ‘trait’, and the application of these through the breeding, production, and deployment processes. Finally, this article investigates opportunities for enhancing the utilisation of alkaloid-producing endophytes within pastures, with a focus on balancing alkaloid levels to further enhance pest deterrence and improving livestock outcomes.

scholarly journals Aquatic Toxicity of Photocatalyst Nanoparticles to Green Microalgae Chlorella vulgaris

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Cristina Adochite ◽  
Luminita Andronic
Keyword(s):  
Chlorella Vulgaris ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Process ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Aquatic Toxicity ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Potent Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Density Surface ◽  
The Impact

In the last years, nanoparticles such as TiO2, ZnO, NiO, CuO and Fe2O3 were mainly used in wastewater applications. In addition to the positive aspects concerning using nanoparticles in the advanced oxidation process of wastewater containing pollutants, the impact of these nanoparticles on the environment must also be investigated. The toxicity of nanoparticles is generally investigated by the nanomaterials’ effect on green algae, especially on Chlorella vulgaris. In this review, several aspects are reviewed: the Chlorella vulgaris culture monitoring and growth parameters, the effect of different nanoparticles on Chlorella vulgaris, the toxicity of photocatalyst nanoparticles, and the mechanism of photocatalyst during oxidative stress on the photosynthetic mechanism of Chlorella vulgaris. The Bold basal medium (BBM) is generally recognized as an excellent standard cultivation medium for Chlorella vulgaris in the known environmental conditions such as temperature in the range 20–30 °C and light intensity of around 150 μE·m2·s−1 under a 16/8 h light/dark cycle. The nanoparticles synthesis methods influence the particle size, morphology, density, surface area to generate growth inhibition and further algal deaths at the nanoparticle-dependent concentration. Moreover, the results revealed that nanoparticles caused a more potent inhibitory effect on microalgal growth and severely disrupted algal cells’ membranes.

scholarly journals 669 Increased Nightmares During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Exploring the Role of Resilience and Emotions

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A261-A262
Author(s):  
Jérémie Potvin ◽  
Laura Ramos Socarras ◽  
Geneviève Forest
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Tremendous Impact

Abstract Introduction COVID-19 had a tremendous impact on many aspects of our lives and has caused an increase in stress and mental health issues in many people. We have recently found that there was an increase in nightmares during the pandemic in young adults. Since emotions have been associated with both resilience and nightmares, the objective of this study was to investigate the role of resilience and emotional changes in the increase in nightmares observed during the pandemic, in a group of young adults. Methods Resilience, emotions and nightmares were assessed using the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale-10, the Differential Emotions Scale-IV and an adapted version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Measures were administered to 209 young adults (18–25 years old, 76.1% females). Hierarchical multiple regression models were computed to examine the unique contribution of changes in positive and negative emotions during the pandemic to the increase in nightmares during the pandemic. Analyses were controlled for nightmares and emotions prior to COVID-19, and for gender. The sample was separated in two groups: resilient and less resilient young adults. Results Results show that in less resilient young adults, nightmares prior to COVID-19 (β=.79, p<.001) and increase in negative emotions (β=.21, p=.033) significantly predicted nightmares during the pandemic and explained 67.0% of their variance. In resilient young adults, nightmares prior to COVID-19 (β=.56, p<.001) and gender (β=-.15, p=.04) significantly predicted nightmares during the pandemic and explained 52.0% of the variance. Conclusion Our results show that increase in negative emotions during the pandemic is associated with an increase in nightmares in less resilient young adults, but not in resilient young adults. Furthermore, our results show that in resilient young adults, being a woman is associated with an increase in nightmares during the pandemic. These results suggest that resilience may be a protective factor in managing the impact of negative emotions on nightmares, but only in men. Support (if any):

scholarly journals 13.D. Workshop: SDGs in the focus of environmental and health issues

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Community Engagement ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
The World ◽  
Environmental And Health Issues ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This workshop is dedicated on SDGs in the focus of environmental and health issues, as very important and actual topic. One of the characteristics of today's societies is the significant availability of modern technologies. Over 5 billion (about 67%) people have a cellphone today. More than 4.5 billion people worldwide use the Internet, close to 60% of the total population. At the same time, one third of the people in the world does not have access to safe drinking water and half of the population does not have access to safe sanitation. The WHO at UN warns of severe inequalities in access to water and hygiene. Air, essential to life, is a leading risk due to ubiquitous pollution and contributes to the global disease burden (7 million deaths per year). Air pollution is a consequence of traffic and industry, but also of demographic trends and other human activities. Food availability reflects global inequality, famine eradication being one of the SDGs. The WHO warns of the urgency. As technology progresses, social inequality grows, the gap widens, and the environment continues to suffer. Furthermore, the social environment in societies is “ruffled” and does not appear to be beneficial toward well-being. New inequalities are emerging in the availability of technology, climate change, education. The achievement reports on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), also point out to the need of reviewing individual indicators. According to the Sustainable Development Agenda, one of the goals is to reduce inequalities, and environmental health is faced by several specific goals. The Global Burden of Disease is the most comprehensive effort to date to measure epidemiological levels and trends worldwide. It is the product of a global research collaborative and quantifies the impact of hundreds of diseases, injuries, and risk factors in countries around the world. This workshop will also discuss Urban Health as a Complex System in the light of SDGs. Climate Change, Public Health impacts and the role of the new digital technologies is also important topic which is contributing to SDG3, improving health, to SDG4, allowing to provide distance health education at relatively low cost and to SDG 13, by reducing the CO2 footprint. Community Engagement can both empower vulnerable populations (so reducing inequalities) and identify the prior environmental issues to be addressed. The aim was to search for public health programs using Community Engagement tools in healthy environment building towards achievement of SDGs. Key messages Health professionals are involved in the overall process of transformation necessary to achieve the SDGs. Health professionals should be proactive and contribute to the transformation leading to better health for the environment, and thus for the human population.

scholarly journals Petasin and isopetasin reduce CGRP release from trigeminal afferents indicating an inhibitory effect on TRPA1 and TRPV1 receptor channels

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Kleeberg-Hartmann ◽  
Birgit Vogler ◽  
Karl Messlinger
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential Channels ◽  
Mustard Oil ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Trpv1 Receptor ◽  
Cgrp Release ◽  
Ganglion Neurons ◽  
Sites Of Action ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Butterbur root extract with its active ingredients petasin and isopetasin has been used in the prophylactic treatment of migraine for years, while its sites of action are not completely clear. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is known as a biomarker and promoting factor of migraine. We set out to investigate the impact of petasins on the CGRP release from trigeminal afferents induced by activation of the calcium conducting transient receptor potential channels (TRPs) of the subtypes TRPA1 and TRPV1. Methods We used well-established in vitro preparations, the hemisected rodent skull and dissected trigeminal ganglia, to examine the CGRP release from rat and mouse cranial dura mater and trigeminal ganglion neurons, respectively, after pre-incubation with petasin and isopetasin. Mustard oil and capsaicin were used to stimulate TRPA1 and TRPV1 receptor channels. CGRP concentrations were measured with a CGRP enzyme immunoassay. Results Pre-incubation with either petasin or isopetasin reduced mustard oil- and capsaicin-evoked CGRP release compared to vehicle in an approximately dose-dependent manner. These results were validated by additional experiments with mice expressing functionally deleted TRPA1 or TRPV1 receptor channels. Conclusions Earlier findings of TRPA1 receptor channels being involved in the site of action of petasin and isopetasin are confirmed. Furthermore, we suggest an important inhibitory effect on TRPV1 receptor channels and assume a cooperative action between the two TRP receptors. These mechanisms may contribute to the migraine prophylactic effect of petasins.

scholarly journals The Impact of Climate Change on the Resistance of Rice Near-Isogenic Lines with Resistance Genes Against Brown Planthopper

Rice ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-Hung Kuang ◽  
Yu-Fu Fang ◽  
Shau-Ching Lin ◽  
Shin-Fu Tsai ◽  
Zhi-Wei Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Gene Pyramiding ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Isogenic Lines ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The impact of climate change on insect resistance genes is elusive. Hence, we investigated the responses of rice near-isogenic lines (NILs) that carry resistance genes against brown planthopper (BPH) under different environmental conditions. Results We tested these NILs under three environmental settings (the atmospheric temperature with corresponding carbon dioxide at the ambient, year 2050 and year 2100) based on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change prediction. Comparing between different environments, two of nine NILs that carried a single BPH-resistant gene maintained their resistance under the environmental changes, whereas two of three NILs showed gene pyramiding with two maintained BPH resistance genes despite the environmental changes. In addition, two NILs (NIL-BPH17 and NIL-BPH20) were examined in their antibiosis and antixenosis effects under these environmental changes. BPH showed different responses to these two NILs, where the inhibitory effect of NIL-BPH17 on the BPH growth and development was unaffected, while NIL-BPH20 may have lost its resistance during the environmental changes. Conclusion Our results indicate that BPH resistance genes could be affected by climate change. NIL-BPH17 has a strong inhibitory effect on BPH feeding on phloem and would be unaffected by environmental changes, while NIL-BPH20 would lose its ability during the environmental changes.

The impact of a health introduction course for medical interpreters in the healthcare sector

2020 ◽  
pp. 205715852097518
Author(s):  
Leila Saud Abdulkadir ◽  
Morten Sodemann ◽  
Claire Gudex ◽  
Sören Möller ◽  
Dorthe Susanne Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Medical Interpreters ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

The aim was to examine the impact on interpreters’ health knowledge, attitudes and self-evaluated skills after they participated in a pilot health introduction course at a university hospital in Denmark. The study was conducted as an intervention study using a questionnaire with both closed and open-ended questions. The questionnaire was distributed to interpreters one week before the six-week course started, and again at one week and at three months after course completion. Level of knowledge was calculated based on the number of answers to 18 multiple-choice questions on common health issues, diagnoses and treatments. Of the 100 interpreters who registered for the course, 86 completed the course, and 61 of these participants (70%) completed both the baseline and the one-week questionnaire. The mean knowledge score increased from 48 ( SD 6.9) at baseline to 52 ( SD 3.4; p < 0.001) one week after the course and was 51 ( SD 7.3; p < 0.001) three months after the course ( n = 55). Participants who increased their knowledge score the most were those with the least interpreter experience ( p = 0.001). One week after the course, most participants (83–95%) agreed that the individual lessons had been useful in their subsequent interpreting activities and that they had gained useful information. The health introduction course appeared to be beneficial for interpreters. This study highlights the need for greater focus on education for interpreters working in the healthcare sector.

scholarly journals Effects of Technological Progress from Different Sources on Haze Pollution in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2730
Author(s):  
Yuan Zhao ◽  
Tian Zhang ◽  
Ting Wu ◽  
Shujing Xu ◽  
Shuwang Yang
Keyword(s):  
Technological Progress ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
National Level ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Dynamic Panel Model ◽  
Independent Innovation ◽  
Haze Pollution ◽  
Technology Introduction ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Sources

Technological progress has always been regarded as an important factor affecting haze pollution. A large number of academic studies have focused on the effect of technological progress on haze pollution, but there are few discussions on the effects of technological progress from different sources. In view of this, a dynamic panel model is constructed, and a systematic generalized method of moments (GMM) method is applied to empirically test the overall impact of technological progress from different sources on haze pollution and the regional heterogeneity of the impact. The results show that the overall and regional impact of technological progress from different sources on haze pollution is entirely different. Among them, for the whole country, independent innovation has a significant inhibitory effect on haze pollution, and technology introduction has aggravated haze pollution to a certain extent. At the regional level, all types of technological progress in the east can effectively reduce haze, the central region having haze reduction results consistent with the overall national level, and in the west, independent innovation and direct introduction can effectively reduce haze, while reverse technology spillover is ineffective. Therefore, policy recommendations such as improving the ability of independent innovation, improving the quality of technology introduction, and coordinating regional technology against haze are put forward.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document