Identification of Mushroom and Murine Tyrosinase Inhibitors from Achillea biebersteinii Afan. Extract

Growing scientific evidence indicates that Achillea biebersteinii is a valuable source of active ingredients with potential cosmetic applications. However, the data on its composition and pharmacological properties are still insufficient. This study aims to optimize the extraction procedure of the plant material, evaluate its phytochemical composition, and compare anti-tyrosinase potential of A. biebersteinii extracts obtained by various methods. In order to identify compounds responsible for the tyrosinase inhibitory activity of A. biebersteinii, the most active anti-tyrosinase extract was fractionated by column chromatography. The fractions were examined for their skin lightening potential by mushroom and murine tyrosinase inhibitory assays and melanin release assay. HPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS analysis of the total extract revealed the presence of several phenolic acids, flavonoids, flavonoid glucosides, and carboxylic acid. Among them, fraxetin-8-O-glucoside, quercetin-O-glucopyranose, schaftoside/isoschaftoside, gmelinin B, 1,3-dicaffeoylquinic acid (1,3-DCQA), and ferulic acid were found in the fractions with the highest skin lightening potential. Based on obtained qualitative and quantitative analysis of the fractions, it was assumed that the caffeoylquinic acid derivatives and dicaffeoylquinic acid derivatives are more likely responsible for mushroom tyrosinase inhibitory activity of A. biebersteinii extracts and fractions. Ferulic acid was proposed as the most active murine tyrosinase inhibitor, responsible also for the reduced melanin release from B16F10 murine melanoma cells.

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Glutathione for skin lightening for dermatologists and cosmetologists

International Journal of Research in Dermatology ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20200615 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 284

Author(s):

Shobhit Mohan ◽

Lalit Mohan ◽

Renu Sangal ◽

Neelu Singh

Keyword(s):

Inhibitory Activity ◽

Clinical Evidence ◽

Current Status ◽

Reduced Form ◽

Skin Whitening ◽

Safety And Efficacy ◽

Whitening Effect ◽

Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activity ◽

Wonder Drug ◽

Skin Lightening

<p class="abstract">Glutathione is a potential antioxidant and its reduced form (GSH) has a good skin-whitening effect in humans through its tyrosinase inhibitory activity. Many physicians consider it as a Wonder drug for skin lightening and treatment of hyperpigmentation, especially with darker skin tones. Glutathione is available in topical, oral and injectable formulations. Topical and oral forms are considered to be safe. Intravenous form did not prove its safety and efficacy to till date. In this article, we shall review and discuss the current status of glutathione as a skin lightening agent and address the miscellaneous unanswered queries regarding the dosage, duration of use and longevity of accrued effects based on clinical evidence and recent insights into its antimelanogenic mechanism.</p>

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Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activity of Soybeans Fermented with Bacillus subtilis Capable of Producing a Phenolic Glycoside, Arbutin

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox9121301 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 1301

Author(s):

Young Hun Jin ◽

Ah Ran Jeon ◽

Jae-Hyung Mah

Keyword(s):

Inhibitory Activity ◽

Food Industry ◽

Early Period ◽

Phenolic Glycoside ◽

Tyrosinase Inhibitor ◽

Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activity ◽

Rrna Sequencing ◽

Other Substances ◽

Skin Lightening ◽

Bacillus Strains

The production of arbutin, an effective tyrosinase inhibitor as well as an outstanding antioxidant, by 691 Bacillus strains isolated from soybean-based foods was tested to enhance the tyrosinase inhibitory activity of soybeans via fermentation with the strains. Among the strains tested, the 5 strains capable of significantly producing arbutin were identified as B. subtilis via 16S rRNA sequencing. When soybeans were fermented with each of the selected strains, the arbutin content was highest on day 1 of fermentation and decreased thereafter. However, the tyrosinase inhibitory activity of the fermented soybeans continuously increased as fermentation progressed, whereas the activity of non-inoculated soybeans was consistently low. The results indicate that arbutin enhances the tyrosinase inhibitory activity of soybeans in the early period of fermentation, while other substances besides arbutin contribute to the activity in the later period. Consequently, soybeans fermented with arbutin-producing B. subtilis strains could be considered as a natural source of cosmeceuticals and nutricosmetics used in skin lightening and may be of interest in the food industry because they contain well-known and powerful antioxidants such as arbutin and other substances.

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The C‐terminally shortened analogs of a hexapeptide derived from Lingzhi hydrolysate with enhanced tyrosinase‐inhibitory activity

Archiv der Pharmazie ◽

10.1002/ardp.202100204 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sucheewin Krobthong ◽

Yodying Yingchutrakul ◽

Pawitrabhorn Samutrtai ◽

Kiattawee Choowongkomon

Keyword(s):

Inhibitory Activity ◽

Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activity

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Insecticidal activity of forty-seven marine algae species from the Mediterranean, Aegean, and Sea of Marmara in connection with their cholinesterase and tyrosinase inhibitory activity

South African Journal of Botany ◽

10.1016/j.sajb.2021.06.038 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mehtap Kilic ◽

Ilkay Erdogan Orhan ◽

Gokcen Eren ◽

Emine Sukran Okudan ◽

Alden S. Estep ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insecticidal Activity ◽

Inhibitory Activity ◽

Marine Algae ◽

Sea Of Marmara ◽

Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activity ◽

The Mediterranean

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Essential oils bearing specialized metabolites with potential tyrosinase inhibitory activity

10.1055/s-0041-1736962 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Francesca Capetti ◽

Cecilia Cagliero ◽

Arianna Marengo ◽

Giulia Mastellone ◽

Carlo Bicchi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils ◽

Inhibitory Activity ◽

Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activity ◽

Specialized Metabolites

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Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activity of Flavonoids from Artocarpus Lowii King

Jurnal Teknologi ◽

10.11113/jt.v71.2711 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 71 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Shajarahtunnur Jamil ◽

Siti Awanis Abdullah ◽

Siti Mariam Abdul Lathiff ◽

Hasnah Mohd Sirat

Keyword(s):

Inhibitory Activity ◽

Kojic Acid ◽

Mushroom Tyrosinase ◽

Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activity ◽

Crude Extracts ◽

Ic50 Value ◽

Microplate Reader

Tyrosinase inhibitory activity was studied on the crude extracts and flavonoids successfully isolated from the leaves and heartwoods of Artocarpus lowii King. The flavonoids were fully characterized spectroscopically as isobavachalcone (1), 4-hydroxyonchocarpin (2), 2',4'-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-3'-prenyldihydrochalcone (3), 2',4'-dihydroxy-3,4-(2",2"-dimethylchromeno)-3'-prenyldihydrochalcone (4), artocarpin (5), cycloheterophyllin (6) and 4',5-dihydroxy-6,7-(2,2-dimethylpyrano)-2'-methoxy-8-γ,γ-dimethyl allylflavone (7). Tyrosinase inhibitory activity of the samples was determined against mushroom tyrosinase using ELISA microplate reader. Cycloheterophyllin (6) exhibited an excellent inhibitory activity against mushroom tyrosinase comparable to the standard kojic acid with the IC50 value of 52.5 µg/mL (88.3%).

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