scholarly journals A Systematic Review of the Effects of Equol (Soy Metabolite) on Breast Cancer

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 1105
Author(s):  
Rafidah Hod ◽  
Sandra Maniam ◽  
Nurul Huda Mohd Nor
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Intestinal Bacteria ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Oestrogen Receptors ◽  
Gut Metabolism

Equol is a soy isoflavone metabolite that can be produced by intestinal bacteria. It is lipophilic and resembles natural oestrogens with an affinity to oestrogen receptors. This review is focused on how equol affects breast cancer, as evidenced by in vivo and in vitro studies. Equol is considered chemoprotective in specific endocrine-related pathologies, such as breast cancer, prostate cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and menopausal symptoms. In humans, not everyone can produce equol from gut metabolism. It is postulated that equol producers benefit more than non-equol producers for all the endocrine-related effects. Equol exists in two enantiomers of R-equol and S-equol. Earlier studies, however, did not specify which enantiomer was being used. This review considers equol’s type and concentration variations, pathways affected, and its outcome in in vivo and in vitro studies.

Transplantation of Adipose-derived Cells for Periodontal Regeneration: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 504-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilcele Silva Moreira Dziedzic ◽  
Bassam Felipe Mogharbel ◽  
Priscila Elias Ferreira ◽  
Ana Carolina Irioda ◽  
Katherine Athayde Teixeira de Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Periodontal Regeneration ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Cell Sources ◽  
Study Designs

This systematic review evaluated the transplantation of cells derived from adipose tissue for applications in dentistry. SCOPUS, PUBMED and LILACS databases were searched for in vitro studies and pre-clinical animal model studies using the keywords “ADIPOSE”, “CELLS”, and “PERIODONTAL”, with the Boolean operator “AND”. A total of 160 titles and abstracts were identified, and 29 publications met the inclusion criteria, 14 in vitro and 15 in vivo studies. In vitro studies demonstrated that adipose- derived cells stimulate neovascularization, have osteogenic and odontogenic potential; besides adhesion, proliferation and differentiation on probable cell carriers. Preclinical studies described improvement of bone and periodontal healing with the association of adipose-derived cells and the carrier materials tested: Platelet Rich Plasma, Fibrin, Collagen and Synthetic polymer. There is evidence from the current in vitro and in vivo data indicating that adipose-derived cells may contribute to bone and periodontal regeneration. The small quantity of studies and the large variation on study designs, from animal models, cell sources and defect morphology, did not favor a meta-analysis. Additional studies need to be conducted to investigate the regeneration variability and the mechanisms of cell participation in the processes. An overview of animal models, cell sources, and scaffolds, as well as new perspectives are provided for future bone and periodontal regeneration study designs.

In vivo and in vitro studies of anticancer actions of α-TEA for human prostate cancer cells

The Prostate ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 68 (8) ◽  
pp. 849-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Jia ◽  
Weiping Yu ◽  
Pei Wang ◽  
Bob G. Sanders ◽  
Kimberly Kline
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Human Prostate ◽  
Human Prostate Cancer ◽  
Prostate Cancer Cells

scholarly journals Association of the Epstein-Barr virus with breast cancer: in vivo and in vitro studies

2001 ◽  
Vol 3 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Bonnet-Duqeynoy ◽  
H Arbach ◽  
K Takada ◽  
I Joab
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Epstein Barr

scholarly journals Polysaccharides with Antitumor Effect in Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review of Non-Clinical Studies

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 2008
Author(s):  
Claudia Rita Corso ◽  
Natalia Mulinari Turin de Oliveira ◽  
Leonardo Moura Cordeiro ◽  
Karien Sauruk da Silva ◽  
Suzany Hellen da Silva Soczek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Apoptosis Inhibition

Purpose: To review the effects of polysaccharides and their proposed mechanisms of action in breast cancer experimental models. Data sources, selection, and extraction: Articles were selected by using PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Medline, assessed from 1 May 2019 to 1 July 2020. The systematic review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (Prospero) under the number CRD42020169103. Results: Most of the studies explore algae polysaccharides (43.2%), followed by mushrooms (13.5%), plants (13.5%), fruits (10.8%), fungus (2.7%), bacteria, (2.7%), and sea animals (2.7%). A total of 8.1% investigated only in vitro models, 62.1% evaluated only in vivo models, and 29.7% evaluated in vitro and in vivo models. The mechanism of action involves apoptosis, inhibition of cellular proliferation, angiogenesis, and antimetastatic effects through multiple pathways. Conclusions: Findings included here support further investigations on the anti-tumor effect of polysaccharides. Some polysaccharides, such as fucoidan and β-glucans, deserve detailed and structured studies aiming at translational research on breast tumors, since they are already used in the clinical practice of other proposals of human health.

scholarly journals Can Lycopene Impact the Androgen Axis in Prostate Cancer?: A Systematic Review of Cell Culture and Animal Studies

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Applegate ◽  
Joe Rowles ◽  
John Erdman
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Tumor Regression ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Normal Prostate ◽  
First Line Therapy ◽  
Normal Prostate Tissue

First-line therapy for advanced or metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) involves the removal of tumor-promoting androgens by androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), resulting in transient tumor regression. Recurrent disease is attributed to tumor adaptation to survive, despite lower circulating androgen concentrations, making the blockage of downstream androgen signaling a chemotherapeutic goal for PCa. Dietary intake of tomato and its predominant carotenoid, lycopene, reduce the risk for PCa, and preclinical studies have shown promising results that tomato and lycopene can inhibit androgen signaling in normal prostate tissue. The goal of this systematic review was to evaluate whether mechanistic evidence exists to support the hypothesis that tomato or lycopene interact with the androgen axis in PCa. Eighteen studies (n = 5 in vivo; n = 13 in vitro) were included in the final review. A formal meta-analysis was not feasible due to variability of the data; however, the overall estimated directions of effect for the compared studies were visually represented by albatross plots. All studies demonstrated either null or, more commonly, inhibitory effects of tomato or lycopene treatment on androgen-related outcomes. Strong mechanistic evidence was unable to be ascertained, but tomato and lycopene treatment appears to down-regulate androgen metabolism and signaling in PCa.

scholarly journals The Biological Effects of 3D Resins Used in Orthodontics: A Systematic Review

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Inês Francisco ◽  
Anabela Baptista Paula ◽  
Madalena Ribeiro ◽  
Filipa Marques ◽  
Raquel Travassos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Systemic Effects ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Orthodontic Devices

Three-dimensional (3D) resin medical-dental devices have been increasingly used in recent years after the emergence of digital technologies. In Orthodontics, therapies with aligners have gained popularity, mainly due to the aggressive promotion policies developed by the industry. However, their systemic effects are largely unknown, with few studies evaluating the systemic toxicity of these materials. The release of bisphenol A and other residual monomers have cytotoxic, genotoxic, and estrogenic effects. This systematic review aims to analyze the release of toxic substances from 3D resins used in Orthodontics and their toxic systemic effects systematically. The PICO question asked was, “Does the use of 3D resins in orthodontic devices induce cytotoxic effects or changes in estrogen levels?”. The search was carried out in several databases and according to PRISMA guidelines. In vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies were included. The in vitro studies’ risk of bias was assessed using the guidelines for the reporting of pre-clinical studies on dental materials by Faggion Jr. For the in vivo studies, the SYRCLE risk of bias tool was used, and for the clinical studies, the Cochrane tool. A total of 400 articles retrieved from the databases were initially scrutinized. Fourteen articles were included for qualitative analysis. The risk of bias was considered medium to high. Cytotoxic effects or estrogen levels cannot be confirmed based on the limited preliminary evidence given by in vitro studies. Evidence of the release of bisphenol A and other monomers from 3D resin devices, either in vitro or clinical studies, remains ambiguous. The few robust results in the current literature demonstrate the absolute need for further studies, especially given the possible implications for the young patient’s fertility, which constitutes one of the largest groups of patients using these orthodontic devices.

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