scholarly journals Effect of Saffron Extract on the Hepatotoxicity Induced by Copper Nanoparticles in Male Mice

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 3045
Author(s):  
Azza A. Attia ◽  
Heba S. Ramdan ◽  
Rasha A. Al-Eisa ◽  
Bassant O. A. Adle Fadle ◽  
Nahla S. El-Shenawy
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Copper Nanoparticles ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Visible Absorption ◽  
Saffron Extract

Background: Nanotechnology application has widespread use in many products. Copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) are widely used in industrial applications. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of the ethanolic saffron extract (ESE) as a natural antioxidant on the hepatotoxicity induced by CuNPs in male mice. Methods: The characterization of CuNPs was determined using ultraviolet–visible absorption spectroscopy, particle size analysis, zeta potential, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and electron microscope. The effect of saffron on the hepatotoxicity induced by CuNPs in mice was evaluated by evaluating the survival rate of the mice, oxidative stress, antioxidant capacity, DNA evaluation, as well as its effect on the histology and transmission electron microscope of the liver. Results: The results revealed that all parameters were affected in a dose-dependent manner by CuNPs. These effects have been improved when the treatment of CuNPs is combined with ethanolic saffron extract. Conclusions: We can conclude that saffron and its bioactive crocin portion can prevent CuNP-induced oxidative liver damage. This substance should be useful as a new pharmacological tool for oxidative stress prevention.

Industrial applications of particle size analysis

1982 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 390
Author(s):  
J. P. N. Haxell ◽  
A. D. Evers
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis

Bentonite Clays Characterization in the Town of Sossego – Paraiba State

2015 ◽  
Vol 820 ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
I.D.S. Pereira ◽  
V.N.F. Lisboa ◽  
I.A. Silva ◽  
J.M.R. Figueirêdo ◽  
G.A. Neves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Mineralogical Characterization ◽  
Bentonite Clays ◽  
The Town ◽  
Petroleum Drilling

Bentonite exhibt a range of industrial applications moving millions of dollars on the market per year. Among several applications if highlights it is use for petroleum drilling fluids. Thus, this work aims to characterize physical, mineralogical and technologically, the bentonitics clays of Sossego County, Paraíba, Brazil. Mineralogical characterization of clays was done through the following techniques: particle size analysis by laser diffraction, thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis, chemical analysis and x-ray diffraction. The clays were turned in by treatment with sodium in Na2CO3 and then determined whether the apparent viscosity, plastic and volume of filtrate of clay-water dispersions. The results showed that the samples are of polycationic, showing levels of MgO, CaO and K2O, similar to those from Boa Vista County, Paraíba, Brazil, and consist of clay mineral kaolinite, quartz and esmec. The clays showed rheological properties that indicate potential for use in drilling fluids.

Study on the Reaction Process of Ploy-High-Ferric-Silicic Coagulant

2010 ◽  
Vol 156-157 ◽  
pp. 1074-1077
Author(s):  
Yan Zhen Yu ◽  
Juan Tan ◽  
Yong Sun
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Potassium Ferrate ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Complexation Process

A new inorganic polymer coagulant，ploy-high-ferric-silicic coagulant with various Si/FeO42- ratios and salt-basicity, was prepared using the fly ash extract and potassium ferrate. The influence of both Si/FeO42- ratios and salt-basicity on the complexation process was explored with many analytical methods, such as transmission electron microscope (TEM), lased particle size analysis (LPSA) and infrared spectrum (IR). The results show that the ploy-high-ferric-silicic is a complexation compound, instead of a simple mixture of raw materials. The complexation process between Si and Fe may be different from various Si/FeO42- ratios and salt-basicity. The bonding can help revealing the high-ferric groups function in synthesis process. From analyzing the different ferrosilicon bonding modes, it can provide some theoretical basis to compound high-ferric coagulant.

Preparation and Characterization of Silver Citrate Nano-Emulsion and Nano-Silver Film

2008 ◽  
Vol 373-374 ◽  
pp. 698-701
Author(s):  
Li Xin Mo ◽  
Lu Hai Li ◽  
Ya Ling Li ◽  
Zhong Xiao Li ◽  
Ming Wang
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Silver Film ◽  
Particle Surface ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Visible Absorption ◽  
Nano Scale ◽  
Silver Thin Film ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Pet Substrate

To prepare the nano-scale silver carboxylate emulsions and investigate their applications in the preparation of nano-scale silver films, the silver citrate emulsion was synthesized through the reaction of silver nitrate with sodium citrate in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a surface modification agent in water. The emulsion was coated onto the surface of the PET substrate to form a thin latex layer of silver citrate. And this was followed by drying at about 100 °C. Then, the silver citrate thin film was deoxidized by aqueous ascorbic acid. Finally, a translucent silver thin film was formed on the surface of the PET substrate. Properties of the silver citrate emulsion and the silver film on the PET were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), laser particle size analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetry(TG) ,UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy(AFM) and digital multimeter analysis. It was found that the silver citrate particle surface-modified by PVP has a nano-rod structure and homogeneous size distribution. The nano-rod was about 20 nm in diameter and 200 nm in length. For the UV-visible absorption spectrum of the thin film exhibited an absorption peak at 430 nm, the silver thin film prepared on the surface of the PET substrate was a typical nano-scale sliver film. Measurements of the sliver thin film at room temperature indicated that the silver film was electrically conductive, and the surface resistance was 2.42 k5/cm.

scholarly journals Copper nanoparticles induce zebrafish intestinal defects via endoplasmic reticulum and oxidative stress

Metallomics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang Zhao ◽  
Ting Zhang ◽  
HaoJie Sun ◽  
Jing-Xia Liu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Copper Nanoparticles ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Developmental Defects ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Both CuNPs and their released Cu2+ induced intestinal developmental defects in zebrafish in a dosage-dependent manner via inducing ROS and ER stresses, and partially blocking copper traffic to mitochondria (cox17−/−) or to TGN (atp7a−/−) could not alleviate the defects.

Characterization of Kaolin Residues from the Jarí Valley Reservations Provided by Cadam S/A Company

2018 ◽  
Vol 930 ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Alexsandra Cristina Chaves ◽  
I.V. da Silva ◽  
A.L. da Silva ◽  
G.A. Neves ◽  
Danielle Nascimento Silva Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Mineralogical Characterization ◽  
X Ray ◽  
A Company

The ceramic industry is one of the most important productive chains of the State of Pará, generating both money and employment. Kaolin has many industrial applications and new uses are constantly surveyed. Although the extraction and processing of kaolin contribute to the economy growth, the activity also provokes serious environmental issues. Being aware of the environmental problem caused by the inadequate decomposition of kaolin residues from the beneficiation process of these minerals, which pollute and attack the environment, this paper aims the chemical, physical and mineralogical characterization of the kaolin residue from the post-treatment disposal provided by CADAM S/A company. The main oxides in the residues were SiO2and Al2O3. In the X-ray diffraction analysis it was verified that the kaolin residue is basically formed by kaolinite and quartz, in the particle size analysis it was observed that the medium size of the particle was of 1,77 μm.

scholarly journals Formic acid pulping process of rice straw for manufacturing of cellulosic fibers with silica

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 489-496
Author(s):  
AKHOURI SANJAY KUMAR SINHA
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Cellulose Fiber ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Agricultural Residue ◽  
Cellulosic Fibers

Emerging technology has the potential to develop entirely new approaches for producing cellulose fiber-based materials along with fuels and chemical raw materials like lignin and furfural. Rice straw is a rich source of cellulosic fibers and inorganic micronic-sized particles termed as ash. They can prove helpful in development of new or enhanced agricultural residue-based materials and products that offer cost effective substitutes for nonrenewable materials used in different domestic and industrial applications. Lignocellulose is an abundant material that is submicronic at the basic level. Rice straw is a fibrous lignocellulosic material obtained as agricultural residue, but it differs from most crop residues in its high content of silicon dioxide (SiO2). Ash content on a dry weight basis ranges from 13% to 20%, varying according to the state of conservation of the straw after harvest. The ash in rice straw has nearly 75% SiO2. The particle size analysis shows variation from few microns to hundreds of microns for inorganic residues left after burning at high temperatures above 550°C. Proximate analysis of rice straw shows that it contains 54% to 56% holocellulose and 15% to 18% lignin, both of which are natural biopolymers. The compound analysis shows the different compounds present in rice straw ash. Rice straw is available in hundreds of million tons in India and other Asian countries, so suitable technologies are required to convert rice straw from a biomass waste to useful bioproducts like pulp, paper, and paperboard. This research paper is intended to obtain pulp with fibers having inherent silica present in it to give high opacity paper and better bonding between fibers.

Involvement of oxidative stress in tri-ortho–cresyl phosphate-induced liver injury in male mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 1093-1101 ◽  
Author(s):  
LL Xu ◽  
CY Long ◽  
JL Wang ◽  
M Yu ◽  
JX Chen
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Mouse Liver ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Hepatocellular Injury ◽  
Dramatic Decrease ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Dose Dependent

Tri- ortho–cresyl phosphate (TOCP) has been widely used as plasticizers, plastic softeners, and flame retardants in industry and reported to have delayed neurotoxicity and reproductive toxicology in animals. However, it remains to be elusive whether TOCP induces liver injury. In this study, male mice were orally administered different concentrations of TOCP (100, 200, or 400 mg/kg/day) for 28 days. Histological examination showed that TOCP led to serious hepatocellular injury. In addition, administration of TOCP induced a marked elevation in the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels in mice. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) was increased significantly in the liver after the mice were treated with TOCP; while there was a dramatic decrease in the content of glutathione (GSH) and the activities of antioxidative enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX). TOCP inhibited viability of mouse liver cancer Hepa 1-6 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Meanwhile, TOCP significantly increased MDA content and inhibited GSH content and the activities of SOD and GSH-PX in the cells, respectively. Oxidative stress dramatically inhibited viability of Hepa 1-6 cells; while inhibition of oxidative stress by N-acetyl-l-cysteine could rescue the cell viability inhibited by TOCP to a certain extent. In summary, oxidative stress might be involved in TOCP-induced hepatocellular injury in male mice.

Improved Particle Size Measurements on Pigments for Rubber

1983 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 892-917 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. M. Hess ◽  
G. C. McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Image Analysis ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Precipitated Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Microscope Image ◽  
Carbon Blacks ◽  
Grade Classification ◽  
Electron Microscope Image

Abstract High shear mixes of carbon black and many other pigments in a cellulose acetate butyrate paint chip formulation have provided superior specimens for analysis by automated electron microscope image analysis. Specimens prepared from these mixes exhibit reduced aggregation and improved dispersion. Testing accuracy, precision, and sampling are significantly improved in comparison to previous techniques. The CAB method is applicable to carbon blacks, silica, precipitated calcium carbonate, red iron oxide, titanium dioxide, and any rubber grade pigment that is composed of stable particles that are reasonably isotropic in nature. Certain ground pigments or those containing highly anisotropic particles may give erroneous results due to breakage (e.g., clay, acicular zinc oxide). An improved particle size analysis program for automated electron microscope image analysis was developed. This utilizes a self-determining factor to correct for particle aggregation. The method provided good grade classification for a broad range of carbon blacks in CAB and is also suitable for screening blacks in the dry state or extracted from rubber.

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