scholarly journals In Situ Decarboxylation-Pressurized Hot Water Extraction for Selective Extraction of Cannabinoids from Cannabis sativa. Chemometric Approach

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3343
Author(s):  
Yannick Nuapia ◽  
Kgomotso Maraba ◽  
Hlanganani Tutu ◽  
Luke Chimuka ◽  
Ewa Cukrowska
Keyword(s):  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Selective Extraction ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Water Extraction ◽  
P Value ◽  
Hot Water Extraction ◽  
Pressurized Hot Water Extraction ◽  
Cannabinoid Compounds ◽  
Psychoactive Effects

Isolation of the therapeutic cannabinoid compounds from Cannabis Sativa L. (C. Sativa) is important for the development of cannabis-based pharmaceuticals for cancer treatment, among other ailments. The main pharmacological cannabinoids are THC and CBD. However, THC also induces undesirable psychoactive effects. The decarboxylation process converts the naturally occurring acidic forms of cannabinoids, such as cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) and tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA), to their more active neutral forms, known as cannabidiol (CBD) and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). The purpose of this study was to selectively extract cannabinoids using a novel in situ decarboxylation pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE) system. The decarboxylation step was evaluated at different temperature (80–150 °C) and time (5–60 min) settings to obtain the optimal conditions for the decarboxylation-PHWE system using response surface methodology (RSM). The system was optimized to produce cannabis extracts with high CBD content, while suppressing the THC and CBN content. The identification and quantification of cannabinoid compounds were determined using UHPLC-MS/MS with external calibration. As a result, the RSM has shown good predictive capability with a p-value < 0.05, and the chosen parameters revealed to have a significant effect on the CBD, CBN and THC content. The optimal decarboxylation conditions for an extract richer in CBD than THC were set at 149.9 °C and 42 min as decarboxylation temperature and decarboxylation time, respectively. The extraction recoveries ranged between 96.56 and 103.42%, 95.22 and 99.95%, 99.62 and 99.81% for CBD, CBN and THC, respectively.

scholarly journals Selective Extraction of Cannabinoid Compounds from Cannabis Seed Using Pressurized Hot Water Extraction

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 1335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yannick Nuapia ◽  
Hlanganani Tutu ◽  
Luke Chimuka ◽  
Ewa Cukrowska
Keyword(s):  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Polar Compounds ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Water Extraction ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Hot Water Extraction ◽  
Pressurized Hot Water Extraction ◽  
Cannabinoid Compounds

Phytochemicals of Cannabis sativa mainly for the use in the different industries are that of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). Pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE) is seen as an efficient, fast, green extraction technique for the removal of polar and semi-polar compounds from plant materials. The PHWE technique was applied to extract cannabinoid compounds from Cannabis sativa seed. Response surface methodology was used to investigate the influence of extraction time (5–60 min), extraction temperature (50–200 °C) and collector vessel temperature (25–200 °C) on the recovery of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabinol (CBN), cannabidiol (CBD), cannabichromene (CBG) and cannabigerol (CBC) from Cannabis sativa seed by PHWE. The identification and semi quantification of cannabinoid compounds were determined using GCXGC-TOFMS. The results obtained from different extractions show that the amount of THC and CBN was drastically decreasing in the liquid extract when the temperature rose from 140 to 160 °C in the extraction cell and the collector′s vessel. The optimal conditions to extract more CBD, CBC, and CBG than THC and CBN were set at 150 °C, 160 °C and 45 min as extraction temperature, the temperature at collector vessel, and the extraction time, respectively. At this condition, the predicted and experimental ratio of THCt (THC + CBN)/CBDt (CBD + CBC+ CBG) was found to be 0.17 and 0.18, respectively. Therefore, PHWE can be seen as an alternative to the classic extraction approach as the efficiency is higher and it is environmentally friendly.

scholarly journals Simultaneous extraction of phenolics and essential oil from peppermint by pressurized hot water extraction

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 200-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Çam ◽  
Esma Yüksel ◽  
Hamza Alaşalvar ◽  
Bülent Başyiğit ◽  
Hülya Şen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Water Extraction ◽  
Hot Water Extraction ◽  
Simultaneous Extraction ◽  
Pressurized Hot Water Extraction

Pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE) for the green recovery of bioactive compounds and steviol glycosides from Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni leaves

2018 ◽  
Vol 254 ◽  
pp. 150-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danijela Bursać Kovačević ◽  
Francisco J. Barba ◽  
Daniel Granato ◽  
Charis M. Galanakis ◽  
Zoran Herceg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Water Extraction ◽  
Steviol Glycosides ◽  
Hot Water Extraction ◽  
Pressurized Hot Water Extraction ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni

scholarly journals Pressurized hot water extraction of hydrosable tannins from Phyllanthus tenellus Roxb.

BMC Chemistry ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noor Hidayah Mohd Jusoh ◽  
Atiqah Subki ◽  
Swee Keong Yeap ◽  
Ken Choy Yap ◽  
Indu Bala Jaganath
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Water Extraction ◽  
Absolute Methanol ◽  
Hot Water Extraction ◽  
Pressurized Hot Water Extraction ◽  
Methanol Extraction ◽  
Hydrolysable Tannins ◽  
Solvent Properties

Abstract Background Safety, environmental and economic setbacks are driving industries to find greener approaches to extract bioactive compounds from natural resources. Pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE) is among the solvent free and efficient methods for extracting bioactive compounds. Experimental In this study, the suitability of PHWE for extracting bioactive compounds such as phenolics, hydrolysable tannins and flavonoids from Phyllanthus tenellus was investigated by UPLC-qTOF-MS. Results Solvent properties of water are significantly increased through imposing temperature at 121 °C and pressure at 15 p.s.i. Pressurized hot water extraction obtained 991-folds higher hydrolysable tannins than methanol extraction. Conclusion The extraction yields of hydrolysable tannins with PHWE was almost double of absolute methanol extraction.

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