scholarly journals CdSe/ZnS Quantum Dots Impaired the First Two Generations of Placenta Growth in an Animal Model, Based on the Shh Signaling Pathway

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wuding Hong ◽  
Huijuan Kuang ◽  
Xingping He ◽  
Lin Yang ◽  
Pengfei Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Signal Pathway ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
The Third ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Key Genes ◽  
F2 Generation ◽  
Maternal Status

The toxicity, especially the transgenerational toxicity of quantum dots (QDs) in vivo, is still scarcely understood in spite of great promising applications of QDs in biomedicine. In this study, the maternal status, pregnancy outcome, and fetus development of parental generation (P0) to offspring in three generations (F3) were investigated after Kunming mice perinatal (GD 13-PND 5) exposure to Cd containing QDs (CdSe/ZnS QDs) and CdCl2. The results show CdSe/ZnS QDs induced placenta injuries in P0 and diminished placenta diameters in F1 and F2. Bodyweight growth decreased in the CdSe/ZnS QDs treatment group in the F1 and F2 generation. Additionally, CdSe/ZnS QDs significantly altered the expression of key genes in the Shh signal pathway. Overall, this study exhibited that the CdSe/ZnS QDs exposure during perinatal period impaired placenta growth in the first two generations, but not on the third generation. The toxicological actions of the CdSe/ZnS QDs might be through the effects on the Shh signal pathway.

scholarly journals Philosophy from the outside in: Rosenzweig’s critical project

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-76
Author(s):  
Willi Goetschel
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Martin Buber ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Literary Modernism ◽  
The Third ◽  
Jewish Thought ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
The University ◽  
Critical Intervention ◽  
Hermann Cohen

This paper examines Rosenzweig?s philosophic project in the context of his time as a critical intervention in the discussion of the place of Jewish thought in the university and in society. If Hermann Cohen represented the first generation of Jewish philosophers claiming that participation in the university is constitutive for the institution?s claim to universalism, the second generation-represented by Martin Buber - was more diffident about the university and its openness. For Buber, literary modernism offered what the university would refuse. Disappointed about the failure of the recognition of the efforts of the previous two generations, Rosenzweig represents the third generation. He turns the situation into a creative response anchoring philosophy as a project that calls for a resolute move outside the university.

scholarly journals Mechanism of action of the third generation benzopyrans and evaluation of their broad anti-cancer activity in vitro and in vivo

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander J. Stevenson ◽  
Eleanor I. Ager ◽  
Martina A. Proctor ◽  
Dubravka Škalamera ◽  
Andrew Heaton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
The Third ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Cancer Activity

scholarly journals ANTIPSYCHOTICS: FROM THE FIRST TO THE THIRD GENERATION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nataliia N. Petrova ◽  
Alexander G. Sofronov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Antipsychotic Therapy ◽  
Persistent Symptoms ◽  
D3 Receptors ◽  
The Third ◽  
Personalized Approach

The review is devoted to comparative analysis of antipsychotics of three generations. When writing the review, a systematic search in the databases PubMed, Medline, Elsevier was carried out, a simple filter for keywords was used. Pharmacological and clinical issues of antipsychotic therapy were considered, the mechanisms of action of antipsychotics of different generations were revealed. Current trends in the development of approaches to the therapy of schizophrenia and the concept of atypicality of antipsychotics were discussed. A comparative analysis of indications for use, tolerance (safety of use) and efficacy of various antipsychotic drugs with an emphasis on the effect on negative (primary, persistent) symptoms has been conducted. The hypothesis underlying new approaches to the therapy of schizophrenia, based on the effect on dopamine autoreceptors, consisting of a high density of D2 and low density of D3 receptors, has been presented. It has been shown that antipsychotics of the third generation open up new possibilities in the therapy of psychosis within the framework of a personalized approach in psychiatry with the achievement of functional recovery of patients. The characteristics of the drugs representatives of the third generation of antipsychotics aripiprazole and cariprazine were given. The uniqueness of cariprazine as the only drug that inhibits D3 receptors in vitro, as well as in vivo in patients with schizophrenia was emphasized. The data of evidence-based studies of the effectiveness of cariprazine in the treatment of negative, including predominant negative symptoms were presented.

The influence of Trypanites in the diagenesis of Devonian stromatoporoids

1988 ◽  
Vol 62 (01) ◽  
pp. 22-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. George Pemberton ◽  
Brian Jones ◽  
Gregory Edgecombe
Keyword(s):  
Complex Interaction ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Fort Mcmurray ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Third ◽  
Profound Influence ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Two Stages

Stromatoporoids from the Late Devonian (early Frasnian) Waterways Formation near Fort McMurray, Alberta, contain well preservedTrypanitesMägdefrau. The stromatoporoid heads are formed of an initial growth ofClathrocoilona inconstansStearn that is encased by a second stage growth ofTrupetostroma papulosumStearn. These two stages were separated by a period of no growth and erosion. The first two generations of boring penetrated the skeleton ofC. inconstanswhile the third generation borings penetrated bothC. inconstansandT. papulosum.The borings in the stromatoporoids are filled with light colored micrite, dark colored micrite, skeletal fragments, dolomite, non-ferroan calcite, and ferroan calcite. Analysis of the borings, the growth stages of the stromatoporoids, the boring fill, and the orientation of the geopetal fabrics indicates that the stromatoporoids were subjected to repeated cycles of growth-boring-filling and reorientation. This complex interaction of biologic and physical reworking had a profound influence on the diagenetic transformation of the stromatoporoid heads. This example clearly illustrates the role that biogenic agents can play in the production of diagenetic fabrics of hard carbonate substrates.

Moving from the second to the third generation Roche PTH assays: what are the consequences for clinical practice?

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Marie Dupuy ◽  
Anne Sophie Bargnoux ◽  
Marion Morena ◽  
Emilie Lauret ◽  
Jean Claude Souberbielle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Mineral And Bone Disorder ◽  
The Third ◽  
Ckd Stage ◽  
Bone Disorder ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Roche Diagnostics

AbstractBackgroundThe determination of parathyroid hormone (PTH) is essential for exploring phosphocalcic disorders especially in patients with renal failure. At present, second or third generation PTH assays are available on the market from Roche Diagnostics as well as from others companies but the lack of standardization has complicated the interpretation.MethodsWe wanted to assess the clinical impact by measuring the PTH levels with the two generations concomitantly on different groups of populations including 46 healthy, 103 pre-dialyzed and 73 hemodialyzed (HD) patients.ResultsIn healthy subjects, the PTH concentrations were not different whatever the generation used, whereas beyond 200 pg/mL, we reported an overestimation of the second generation PTH. In patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 3–5 the observed differences between the two generations increase with increasing PTH levels and decreasing glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Classification according to the kidney disease: improving global outcomes (KDIGO) revealed a high percentage of discordant results between the two generations (κ coefficient <0.20). These discrepancies are clinically relevant as PTH levels remain the cornerstone for diagnosis and treatment of the CKD-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD).ConclusionsThe introduction of a new PTH assay generation in clinical practice should be carried out with caution.

Big boots to fill—the next generation continuing differently

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Clinton ◽  
Justin B. Craig ◽  
Vanessa Diaz-Moriana ◽  
Catherine M. Faherty
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Family Business ◽  
Case History ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Entrepreneurial Leadership ◽  
The Third ◽  
Family Issues ◽  
Spanish Family ◽  
Two Generations

This case history describes the challenge facing Carlos García, the third-generation successor of a Spanish family business, as he takes over the reins of Hispalis and prepares to continue the business ‘differently’. In two generations, Hispalis has morphed into a global conglomerate, with a portfolio of business ventures in multiple industries and countries. The case history facilitates discussion of business and family issues and is appropriate for beginning-level undergraduate students in the areas of entrepreneurial leadership, family business, strategic management and corporate governance.

Conclusions

Born to Write ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 294-296
Author(s):  
Neil Kenny
Keyword(s):  
Family Members ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
High Profile ◽  
The Third ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Principal Factors ◽  
The Many ◽  
Royal Household

The Marot family is a high-profile example of poetic craft enabling spectacular social ascent, and doing so across two generations. Such cases were rare, given the sheer fragility of such poetry-propelled ascent. Even in this case it did not benefit all family members equally—women less than men—and petered out despite a faint attempt to continue it in the third generation. The fragility was that of the two principal factors in the ascent: craft itself, which, as artisans had long known, could be even more difficult to transmit to the next generation than wealth; and royal-household employment, which was fraught with intrinsic uncertainties. The kind of patrimony produced within the Marot family was more narrowly based, as well as more fragile, than that of the many families that held high royal offices and aspired to multigenerational, dynastic continuity.

EFFECT OF CONTINUOUS LOW-LEVEL GAMMA-IRRADIATION ON SUCCESSIVE GENERATIONS OF DAHLBOMINUS FUSCIPENNIS (ZETT.) (HYMENOPTERA: EULOPHIDAE)

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 685-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. F. Riordan
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Control Population ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Low Level ◽  
The Third ◽  
Sixth Generation ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Successive Generations ◽  
Seven Generations

D. fuscipennis were reared under continuous gamma-radiation at 10, 5, and 2.5 r/hr. At 10 r/hr the population failed to reach the third generation. After two generations at 5 r/hr the population was reduced in numbers to 20% or less of the control population, hut managed to survive for the seven generations through which the experiments were continued. At 2.5 r/hr the numbers in the first five generations were reduced below those of the controls, but had completely recovered by the sixth generation.

New structural economics: the third generation of development economics

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-286
Author(s):  
Justin Yifu Lin
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Development Economics ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Third ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
The Government ◽  
New Structural Economics

Purpose Development economics is a new sub-discipline in modern economics. The first generation of development economics is structuralism. The second generation of development economics is neoliberalism. Most developing countries followed the above two generations of development economics and failed to achieve industrialization and modernization. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the third generation of development economics, called new structural economics, which advises governments in developing countries to play a facilitating role in the development of industries in a market economy according to the country’s comparative advantages. The paper also discusses how the government may use industrial policies to play this facilitating role and some new theoretical insights from new structural economics. Design/methodology/approach The paper draws on the experiences of success and failure in developing countries to generate new understanding about the nature and causes of economic development in developing countries. Findings The structuralism failed because it ignored the endogeneity of economic structure in a country. The neoliberalism failed because it neglected the endogeneity of distortions in the transition economies. Originality/value The paper proposes new policy and theoretical framework for developing countries.

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