scholarly journals A Personalised Dietary Approach—A Way Forward to Manage Nutrient Deficiency, Effects of the Western Diet, and Food Intolerances in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bobbi B Laing ◽  
Anecita Gigi Lim ◽  
Lynnette R Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Nutrient Deficiency ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Western Diet ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Nutrient Interactions ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Individualised Treatment

This review discusses the personalised dietary approach with respect to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). It identifies gene–nutrient interactions associated with the nutritional deficiencies that people with IBD commonly experience, and the role of the Western diet in influencing these. It also discusses food intolerances and how particular genotypes can affect these. It is well established that with respect to food there is no “one size fits all” diet for those with IBD. Gene–nutrient interactions may help explain this variability in response to food that is associated with IBD. Nutrigenomic research, which examines the effects of food and its constituents on gene expression, shows that—like a number of pharmaceutical products—food can have beneficial effects or have adverse (side) effects depending on a person’s genotype. Pharmacogenetic research is identifying gene variants with adverse reactions to drugs, and this is modifying clinical practice and allowing individualised treatment. Nutrigenomic research could enable individualised treatment in persons with IBD and enable more accurate tailoring of food intake, to avoid exacerbating malnutrition and to counter some of the adverse effects of the Western diet. It may also help to establish the dietary pattern that is most protective against IBD.

Nutritional deficiencies in inflammatory bowel disease: Therapeutic approaches

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 904-910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Massironi ◽  
Roberta Elisa Rossi ◽  
Federica Alessandra Cavalcoli ◽  
Serena Della Valle ◽  
Mirella Fraquelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

scholarly journals Recent Advances: The Imbalance of Cytokines in the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingdong Guan ◽  
Jiguo Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Inflammation Targeting ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Cytokines play an important role in the immunopathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, where they drive and regulate multiple aspects of intestinal inflammation. The imbalance between proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines that occurs in IBD results in disease progression and tissue damage and limits the resolution of inflammation. Targeting cytokines have been novel strategies in the treatment of IBD. Recent studies show the beneficial effects of anticytokine treatments to IBD patients, and multiple novel cytokines are found to be involved in the pathogenesis of IBD. In this review, we will discuss the recent advances of novel biologics in clinics and clinical trials, and novel proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines found in IBD with focusing on IL-12 family and IL-1 family members as well as their relevance to the potential therapy of IBD.

scholarly journals Attenuation of Colonic Injury and Inflammation by Administration of a Phenolic Extract of Summer Savory (Satureja hortensis L.) in Experimental Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 8465
Author(s):  
João Rocha ◽  
Raquel Leandro ◽  
Rosa Direito ◽  
Margarida Gonçalves ◽  
Maria Paula Duarte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Colonic Injury ◽  
Satureja Hortensis ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Experimental Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Phenolic Extract ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Summer Savory (Satureja hortensis L.) is a plant traditionally used as a food spice in the Mediterranean region. Surprisingly, not much is known about the health beneficial effects of its phenolic-rich extracts. The majority of publications have always focused on the properties of their essential oil. One of the main phenolic compounds of Summer Savory is rosmarinic acid, which has demonstrated anti-inflammatory outcomes in several animal models of inflammatory-mediated diseases. Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease, in addition to Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn’s Disease, frequently related with increased morbidity and even mortality due to the complications associated, including colorectal cancer. Our work has shown, to our knowledge, for the first time, that administration of a phenolic extract of Summer Savory in a mouse model of Ulcerative Colitis led to the reduction of several markers for intestinal injury, including reduction of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2 or prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) expression, two well-known mediators of tissue inflammation and progression to cancer and led also to a reduction of the mortality. Given the chemical constitution found in the extract and the preclinical evidence of a beneficial effect of polyphenols in inflammatory processes, an opportunity arises for pharmacological modulation of pathways relevant for IBD and progression to cancer with phenolic-rich extracts.

Whole Food–Based Approaches to Modulating Gut Microbiota and Associated Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhui Han ◽  
Hang Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Associated Diseases ◽  
Associated Functions ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Whole Foods

Intake of whole foods, such as fruits and vegetables, may confer health benefits to the host. The beneficial effects of fruits and vegetables were mainly attributed to their richness in polyphenols and microbiota-accessible carbohydrates (MACs). Components in fruits and vegetables modulate composition and associated functions of the gut microbiota, whereas gut microbiota can transform components in fruits and vegetables to produce metabolites that are bioactive and important for health. The progression of multiple diseases, such as obesity and inflammatory bowel disease, is associated with diet and gut microbiota. Although the exact causality between these diseases and specific members of gut microbiota has not been well characterized, accumulating evidence supported the role of fruits and vegetables in modulating gut microbiota and decreasing the risks of microbiota-associated diseases. This review summarizes the latest findings on the effects of whole fruits and vegetables on gut microbiota and associated diseases.

scholarly journals PPARγin Inflammatory Bowel Disease

PPAR Research ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vito Annese ◽  
Francesca Rogai ◽  
Alessia Settesoldi ◽  
Siro Bagnoli
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Experimental Colitis ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is member of a family of nuclear receptors that interacts with nuclear proteins acting as coactivators and corepressors. The colon is a major tissue which expresses PPARγin epithelial cells and, to a lesser degree, in macrophages and lymphocytes and plays a role in the regulation of intestinal inflammation. Indeed, both natural and synthetic PPARγligands have beneficial effects in different models of experimental colitis, with possible implication in the therapy of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This paper will specifically focus on potential role of PPARγin the predisposition and physiopathology of IBD and will analyze its possible role in medical therapy.

scholarly journals Botanical Drugs as an Emerging Strategy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Algieri ◽  
Alba Rodriguez-Nogales ◽  
M. Elena Rodriguez-Cabezas ◽  
Severiano Risco ◽  
M. Angeles Ocete ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Surgical Treatments

Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis are the two most common categories of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which are characterized by chronic inflammation of the intestine that comprises the patients’ life quality and requires sustained pharmacological and surgical treatments. Since their aetiology is not completely understood, nonfully efficient drugs have been developed and those that show effectiveness are not devoid of quite important adverse effects that impair their long-term use. Therefore, many patients try with some botanical drugs, which are safe and efficient after many years of use. However, it is necessary to properly evaluate these therapies to consider a new strategy for human IBD. In this report we have reviewed the main botanical drugs that have been assessed in clinical trials in human IBD and the mechanisms and the active compounds proposed for their beneficial effects.

scholarly journals The Role of Vitamin D in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Mechanism to Management

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Fletcher ◽  
Sheldon C. Cooper ◽  
Subrata Ghosh ◽  
Martin Hewison
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Gastrointestinal Microbiota ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Low Serum

Vitamin D has been linked to human health benefits that extend far beyond its established actions on calcium homeostasis and bone metabolism. One of the most well studied facets of extra-skeletal vitamin D is its activity as an immuno-modulator, in particular its potent anti-inflammatory effects. As a consequence, vitamin D deficiency has been associated with inflammatory diseases including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Low serum levels of the major circulating form of vitamin D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH-D) are significantly more prevalent in patients with IBD, particularly in the winter and spring months when UV-induced synthesis of vitamin D is lower. Dietary malabsorption of vitamin D may also contribute to low serum 25(OH)D in IBD. The benefits of supplementation with vitamin D for IBD patients are still unclear, and improved vitamin D status may help to prevent the onset of IBD as well as ameliorating disease severity. Beneficial effects of vitamin D in IBD are supported by pre-clinical studies, notably with mouse models, where the active form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25-(OH)2D) has been shown to regulate gastrointestinal microbiota function, and promote anti-inflammatory, tolerogenic immune responses. The current narrative review aims to summarise the different strands of data linking vitamin D and IBD, whilst also outlining the possible beneficial effects of vitamin D supplementation in managing IBD in humans.

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