scholarly journals Microencapsulated Pomegranate Reverts High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL)-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction and Reduces Postprandial Triglyceridemia in Women with Acute Coronary Syndrome

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Estrada-Luna ◽  
Elizabeth Carreón-Torres ◽  
Rocío Bautista-Pérez ◽  
Gabriel Betanzos-Cabrera ◽  
Alan Dorantes-Morales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
High Density ◽  
Paraoxonase 1 ◽  
Pon1 Activity ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Postprandial Period ◽  
Coronary Syndrome

(1) Background: the composition of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) becomes altered during the postprandial state, probably affecting their functionality vis-à-vis the endothelium. Since acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in women is frequently associated with endothelial dysfunction, it is likely that HDL are unable to improve artery vasodilation in these patients. Therefore, we characterized HDL from women with ACS in fasting and postprandial conditions. We also determined whether microencapsulated pomegranate (MiPo) reverts the HDL abnormalities, since previous studies have suggested that this fruit improves HDL functionality. (2) Methods: Eleven women with a history of ACS were supplemented daily with 20 g of MiPo, for 30 days. Plasma samples were obtained during fasting and at different times, after a lipid load test to determine the lipid profile and paraoxonase–1 (PON1) activity. HDL were isolated by sequential ultracentrifugation to determine their size distribution and to assess their effect on endothelial function, by using an in vitro model of rat aorta rings. (3) Results: MiPo improved the lipid profile and increased PON1 activity, as previously reported, with fresh pomegranate juice. After supplementation with MiPo, the incremental area under the curve of triglycerides decreased to half of the initial values. The HDL distribution shifted from large HDL to intermediate and small-size particles during the postprandial period in the basal conditions, whereas such a shift was no longer observed after MiPo supplementation. Consistently, HDL isolated from postprandial plasma samples hindered the vasodilation of aorta rings, and this endothelial dysfunction was reverted after MiPo consumption. (4) Conclusions: MiPo exhibited the same beneficial effects on the lipid profile and PON1 activity as the previously reported fresh pomegranate. In addition, MiPo supplementation reverted the negative effects of HDL on endothelial function generated during the postprandial period in women with ACS.

Abstract 4009: Endothelial Dysfunction has Great Impacts on the Development of Acute Coronary Syndrome and Fatal Cardiovascular Events

Circulation ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuaki Murakami ◽  
Ikuo Moriuchi
Keyword(s):  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Suspected Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Confidential Interval ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Kaplan Meier

Endothelial dysfunction is thought to contribute to atherothrombogenic process, however we identify little about practical relationship between clinical evolution of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and endothelial dysfunction. This study investigated whether endothelial dysfunction has clinical impact on development of ACS. Endothelial dysfunction was graded by ultrasonic measured reactive changes in lumen diameter of right brachial artery following transient forearm occlusion for 5 minutes (FMD; flow-mediated endothelium-dependent vasodilation) in consecutive 518 patients with suspected coronary artery disease. The enrolled patients were categorized into three groups according to the values of FMD, and their cardiovascular events were prospectively followed-up for no less than 36 months. For a mean follow-up period of 60 months with 100% follow-up, the patients with severe endothelial dysfunction (FMD<4%; Group-L, n=174), more frequently developed ACS than Group-M with mild endothelial dysfunction (4%≤FMD<8%, n=171) plus Group-H with preserved endothelial function (FMD 8% or more, Group-H, n=173) (p<0.001, by Kaplan-Meier analysis] and majority of the patients with fatal cardiovascular events belonged to group-L. Cox proportional hazard model analysis showed that severe endothelial dysfunction was the most powerful predictor for future development of ACS (hazard ratio=5.77, 95%confidential interval; 2.52–13.22, p<0.001) and fatal cardiovascular events (hazard ratio=10.34, 95%confidential interval; 1.26 –72.25, p=0.022). These results suggest endothelial dysfunction plays important roles on development of ACS and fatal cardiovascular events in the near future, and strategies based on practical status of endothelial function are required to prevent ACS and fatal cardiovascular events. Cumulative Incidence

Endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular mortality in patients with acute coronary syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Yoshii ◽  
T Matsuzawa ◽  
H Nakahashi ◽  
R Satou ◽  
E Akiyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
St Elevation

Abstract Background Although the prognostic value of non-invasive endothelial function test has been reported in several populations including heart failure patients and angina pectoris patients, it is unknown in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Furthermore, the role of endothelial dysfunction in increased risk for specific causes of death has not been investigated. Purpose To study the relation between endothelial dysfunction and the risk of death in ACS patients, both overall and with regard to the main causes of death. Method Six hundred and ninety-two patients who were hospitalized for ACS from 2010 to 2014 were enrolled. Reactive hyoeremia index (RHI) was measured to assess endothelial function non-invasively in all patients using the peripheral arterial tonometry. RHI values below 1.67 were interpreted as signs of endothelial dysfunction in accordance with the manufacturer. Patients were followed up for a median of 6.5 years. Result A mean age (standard deviation) was 66 (12) years, and 542 patients (78%) were male. The patients in this study consist of 377 ST-elevation myocardial infarction (54%), and 263 non ST-elevation myocardial infarction (38%), and 52 unstable angina (8%). Endothelial dysfunction was detected in 276 patients (40%). During the follow-up period, 84 patients (12%) died (48 from cardiovascular disease, 36 from other causes). Patients with endothelial dysfunction had an increased risk of death (hazard ratio (HR) 1.83, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.19–2.83, p=0.006) compared with those without endothelial dysfunction. Analyses for specific causes of death showed that patients with endothelial dysfunction had a 2.4-fold higher increased risk of cardiovascular death (HR: 2.44, 95% CI: 1.35 ro 4.59, p=0.003) after multivariate adjustment. However there was no significant relation between endothelial dysfunction and non-cardiovascular mortality (HR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.34 to 1.36, p=0.29). Conclusion Endothelial dysfunction is strongly associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality in ACS patients. Figure 1 Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

Endothelial function and 6-year outcomes following an acute coronary syndrome in patients with a history or presence of cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Matsuzawa ◽  
T.Y Yoshii ◽  
R.S Sato ◽  
H.N Nakahashi ◽  
E.A Akiyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Reactive Hyperemia ◽  
Cardiovascular Death ◽  
Established Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background It has been reported that in the primary prevention settings, patients with cancer are exposed to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease through multiple mechanisms. However, among patients with established coronary artery disease, it is unknown whether cancer is an additional risk for endothelial dysfunction, mortality, and subsequent cardiovascular events. Purpose To determine endothelial function, mortality and cardiovascular events following acute coronary syndrome according to history/presence of cancer on (ACS). Methods Patients who were admitted to our university medical center for ACS were enrolled, and were divided according to the history/presence of cancer. We measured reactive hyperemia index before discharge in all patients to evaluate endothelial function. The logarithmic value of RHI (LnRHI) was used in the analyses. All patients were followed for cardiovascular death, non-cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke. Results Six-hundred and ninety patients with ACS were enrolled (mean age [SD] was 66 [12] years, male was 78%), and 73 patients (10.6%) had a history or presence of cancer. Endothelial function was not significantly different between ACS patients with and without the history/presence of cancer (LnRHI 0.64 (0.26) versus 0.59 (0.26), p=0.10). During the follow up period (the median 6.1 years), cardiovascular death occurred in 48 patients, non-cardiovascular death in 36, MI in 46, and Stroke in 31, respectively. The composite outcomes with all cause death, MI, and stroke occurred more frequently in the patients with the history/presence of cancer than those without (Figure A). However, the risk for cardiovascular death, MI, and stroke was similar between the two groups, and only non-cardiovascular mortality was significantly higher in the patients with the history/presence of cancer than those without (Figure B and C). Conclusion Among patients with ACS, the history/presence of cancer is associated with the risk of non-cardiovascular death, but not the risk for endothelial dysfunction and subsequent cardiovascular events. Figure 1 Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

scholarly journals Reconstituted high-density lipoprotein restores endothelial function in acute coronary syndrome

2003 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 355
Author(s):  
Remy Chenevard ◽  
David Huerlimann ◽  
Markus Bechir ◽  
Irmgard Andresen ◽  
Frank Ruschitzka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Coronary Syndrome

scholarly journals Remote ischemic preconditioning and endothelial function in patients with acute coronary syndrome

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 3519-3519
Author(s):  
N. Ryazankina ◽  
V. Manchurov ◽  
T. Khmara ◽  
E. Vasilieva ◽  
A. Shpektor
Keyword(s):  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Ischemic Preconditioning ◽  
Remote Ischemic Preconditioning ◽  
Coronary Syndrome

scholarly journals The association between PON1 gene polymorphisms (Q192R and L55M) and nephrotic syndrome in Iraqi children

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (03) ◽  
pp. 118-130
Author(s):  
Raghad Ali ◽  
Rayah Baban ◽  
Shatha Ali
Keyword(s):  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Paraoxonase 1 ◽  
Pon1 Activity ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Pon1 Gene ◽  
Homozygous Genotype

Background: The role of paraoxonase 1 enzyme (PON1) and its single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in children with nephrotic syndrome (NS) has been reported previously in different ethnic and racial groups with divergent results. The human PON1 gene contains two coding region polymorphisms leading to two different PON1 isoforms. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to find out the association between the PON1 (Q192R and L55M) polymorphisms and their relation with serum PON1 activity as well as lipid profile tests (total cholesterol, TC; triglycerides, TG; high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-c; and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-c) in children with NS. Methods: This study included a total of 80 participants (40 with NS in the age group of 2-14 years and 40 age and sex-matched healthy controls). The PON1 enzyme activity and lipid profile tests were measured in serum samples of all included participants. The PON1 genotype was determined by PCR-restriction enzyme fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) for both PON1 alleles (192 and 55) SNPs. Results: Our findings showed that the mean levels of lipid profile tests (TC, TG, LDL-c) were significantly increased in patients when compared with healthy controls (p<0.05), while the HDL-c concentration was significantly decreased in patients than that of controls. Also, the patients had significantly lower concentrations of PON1 when compared with the controls regardless of the genotype Q192R and L55M polymorphisms. Moreover, the homozygous RR genotype for PON1 SNP 192 and MM homozygous genotype for PON1 SNP 55 were significantly frequent in patients when compared with the controls. Conclusions: Our results support that the presence of the homozygous RR genotype for PON1 SNP 192 and MM homozygous genotype for PON1 SNP 55 were significantly higher in patients compared with the controls.

scholarly journals Uric acid levels are associated with endothelial dysfunction and severity of coronary atherosclerosis during a first episode of acute coronary syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mélanie Gaubert ◽  
Marion Marlinge ◽  
Marine Alessandrini ◽  
Marc Laine ◽  
Laurent Bonello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Coronary Atherosclerosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Coronary Syndrome
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