Maternal Dietary Protein Intake Influences Milk and Offspring Gut Microbial Diversity in a Rat (Rattus norvegicus) Model

Historically, investigators have assumed microorganisms identified in mother’s milk to be contaminants, but recent data suggest that milk microbiota may contribute to beneficial maternal effects. Microorganisms that colonize the gastrointestinal tracts of newborn mammals are derived, at least in part, from the maternal microbial population. Milk-derived microbiota is an important source of this microbial inocula and we hypothesized that the maternal diet contributes to variation in this microbial community. To evaluate the relationship between a mother’s diet and milk microbiome, we fed female rats a low- or high-protein diet and mated all individuals. Milk and cecal contents were collected from dams at peak lactation (14-day post-partum), and the bacterial composition of each community was assessed by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Our findings revealed higher dietary protein intake decreased fecal microbial diversity but increased milk microbial and pup cecum diversity. Further, the higher dietary protein intake resulted in a greater abundance of potentially health-promoting bacteria, such as Lactobacillus spp. These data suggest that dietary protein levels contribute to significant shifts in the composition of maternal milk microbiota and that the functional consequences of these changes in microbial inocula might be biologically important and should be further explored.

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The effect of dietary protein concentration on the performance of triplet rearing ewes and their lambs

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) ◽

10.1017/s0308229600017359 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 1988 ◽

pp. 97-97

Author(s):

D.A.R. Davies ◽

C.B. Gallo

Keyword(s):

Milk Yield ◽

Dietary Protein ◽

Protein Intake ◽

Protein Concentration ◽

Post Partum ◽

Early Lactation ◽

Dietary Protein Intake ◽

Individual Family ◽

Ad Libitum ◽

Concentration Table

In ewes rearing triplets high milk yields in early lactation are vitally important. The trial was conducted to investigate the influence of dietary protein intake on ewe milk yield and the performance of their triplet reared lambs.The trial involved 24 Cambridge (C) and 12 Suffolk x Cambridge (SxC) ewes rearing triplets. Ewes and their lambs were housed and penned in individual family groups until 35 days post partum. During the 7-35 day period ewes were fed ad libitum one of two coarsely milled complete diets differing in protein concentration (Table 1) together with a daily allocation of 510 g hay (oven dry).

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Dietary Protein Intake Level Modulates Mucosal Healing and Mucosa-Adherent Microbiota in Mouse Model of Colitis

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11030514 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 514 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Sandra Vidal-Lletjós ◽

Mireille Andriamihaja ◽

Anne Blais ◽

Marta Grauso ◽

Patricia Lepage ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dietary Protein ◽

Protein Intake ◽

High Protein Diet ◽

Repair Process ◽

Mucosal Healing ◽

High Protein ◽

Protein Diet ◽

Dietary Protein Intake ◽

Epithelial Repair ◽

The Impact

Mucosal healing after an inflammatory flare is associated with lasting clinical remission. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the impact of the amount of dietary protein on epithelial repair after an acute inflammatory episode. C57BL/6 DSS-treated mice received isocaloric diets with different levels of dietary protein: 14% (P14), 30% (P30) and 53% (P53) for 3 (day 10), 6 (day 13) and 21 (day 28) days after the time of colitis maximal intensity. While the P53 diet worsened the DSS- induced inflammation both in intensity and duration, the P30 diet, when compared to the P14 diet, showed a beneficial effect during the epithelial repair process by accelerating inflammation resolution, reducing colonic permeability and increasing epithelial repair together with epithelial hyperproliferation. Dietary protein intake also impacted mucosa-adherent microbiota composition after inflammation since P30 fed mice showed increased colonization of butyrate-producing genera throughout the resolution phase. This study revealed that in our colitis model, the amount of protein in the diet modulated mucosal healing, with beneficial effects of a moderately high-protein diet, while very high-protein diet displayed deleterious effects on this process.

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Effects of dietary protein intake on vasoactive hormones

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.1990.258.5.r1095 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 258 (5) ◽

pp. R1095-R1100 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

B. S. Daniels ◽

T. H. Hostetter

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Dietary Protein ◽

Protein Intake ◽

High Protein Diet ◽

High Protein ◽

Protein Diet ◽

Plasma Amino Acid ◽

Dietary Protein Intake ◽

Vasoactive Hormones ◽

Amino Acid Levels

Vasoactive hormonal response to two levels of dietary protein intake was studied in seven healthy adult volunteers. The subjects were randomly placed on a 2-g.kg-1.day-1 (high) or 0.55-g.kg-1.day-1 (low) diet using a crossover design and were studied on the morning of the 5th day and again after 24 h of indomethacin treatment. Plasma renin activity (PRA), aldosterone, vasopressin, and urinary excretion of 6-ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha (PGF1 alpha) were significantly higher on the high-protein diet despite constancy of body weight, blood pressure, pulse, urinary sodium and potassium excretion, and plasma amino acid levels. After treatment with cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin, 6-keto-PGF1 alpha excretion was equalized, but the elevated PRA and aldosterone levels persisted on the high-protein diet, suggesting that PRA and aldosterone elevations do not depend entirely on prostanoid release. We conclude that chronic augmentation of dietary protein intake is accompanied by alterations of vasoactive hormones, which persist for up to 10 h postprandially and are independent of elevated plasma amino acid levels. Such hormonal alterations may mediate some of the dietary protein-mediated changes in renal hemodynamics.

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Dietary protein intake modulates glomerular eicosanoid production in the rat

AJP Renal Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajprenal.1989.256.4.f711 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 256 (4) ◽

pp. F711-F718 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

B. R. Don ◽

S. Blake ◽

F. N. Hutchison ◽

G. A. Kaysen ◽

M. Schambelan

Keyword(s):

Arachidonic Acid ◽

Dietary Protein ◽

Protein Intake ◽

Enzyme Inhibitor ◽

High Protein Diet ◽

High Protein ◽

Protein Diet ◽

Dietary Protein Intake ◽

Eicosanoid Production ◽

Renal Ablation

The quantity of protein in the diet modulates glomerular function. To study the effect of dietary protein intake on glomerular eicosanoid production, rats were randomized to either a high- (40%) or low- (8.5%) protein isocaloric diet. Ten to fourteen days later glomeruli were isolated and incubated in the absence (basal) and presence (stimulated conditions) of arachidonic acid, and production rates of prostaglandin (PG) E2, PGF2 alpha, and thromboxane B2 (TxB2) were determined by direct radioimmunoassay. Under basal conditions, glomerular production of all three eicosanoids was significantly greater in rats ingesting the high-protein diet. Glomerular production of PGE2 and TxB2 was also greater in animals fed the high-protein diet in the presence of arachidonic acid, suggesting that glomerular cyclooxygenase activity was augmented. In contrast, ingestion of a high-protein diet was not associated with a significant increase in eicosanoid production by renal papillae or in TxB2 release by clotting blood. To investigate the potential role of the renin-angiotensin system in the dietary protein-induced modulation of glomerular eicosanoid production, rats ingesting a high- or low-protein diet were randomized to treatment with an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or no therapy. Enalapril attenuated the dietary protein-induced augmentation in glomerular eicosanoid production. This effect occurred only when administered in vivo, since the active metabolite enalapril did not alter PGE2 production by isolated glomeruli when added in vitro. Dietary protein intake also modulated glomerular eicosanoid production in three models of experimental renal disease in the rat (streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus, Heymann nephritis, and partial renal ablation).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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