scholarly journals Consumers’ Trade-Off between Nutrition and Health Claims under Regulation 1924/2006: Insights from a Choice Experiment Analysis

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosaria Viscecchia ◽  
Giuseppe Nocella ◽  
Biagia De Devitiis ◽  
Francesco Bimbo ◽  
Domenico Carlucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Choice Experiment ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Health Claims ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Health Claim ◽  
Nutrition Claims ◽  
Marketing Segmentation ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Heterogeneity Of Preferences

The aim of this paper is to investigate consumers’ preferences and willingness to pay (WTP) for functional mozzarella cheese whose health benefits (reduced fat and enrichment in omega-3) are communicated by using nutrition claims (article 8) and health claims (articles 13 and 14) of the EU Regulation 1924/2006. In order to achieve the stated objective a choice survey was developed and administered to a sample of Italian respondents. The product attributes and attribute levels included in the choice experiment were obtained from in-depth interviews conducted with stakeholders working on the development of this new product in the Italian region of Puglia. Results show that many participants were not aware of functional food. Marketing segmentation performed via latent class analysis indicates that the development of this hypothetical product should be based on the addition of naturally enriched omega-3. In terms of health communication under Regulation 1924/2006, heterogeneity of preferences of the nine identified segments reveals that respondents have a clear preference for products from the Puglia region, for the combined nutrition claim over single nutrition claims and for the reduction of disease health claim (article 14) over the health claim (article 13). In monetary terms, willingness to pay for health claims is higher than nutrition claims.

WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR RECREATIONAL ATTRIBUTES OF PUBLIC PARKS: A CHOICE EXPERIMENT APPROACH

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (05) ◽  
pp. 1550048 ◽  
Author(s):  
BAKTI HASAN-BASRI ◽  
MOHD ZAINI ABD KARIM ◽  
NORMIZAN BAKAR
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Choice Experiment ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Social Values ◽  
Public Parks ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
Recreational Facilities ◽  
Individual Preferences ◽  
The Social ◽  
Parks Management

The choice to visit a park depends on individual preferences and understanding these preferences will be useful to parks’ management decisions on facilities and infrastructure needs and maintenance. Choice experiment (CE) method is used to inform parks’ management in Kuala Lumpur City, Malaysia on the social values of attributes available at the park. The latent class (LC) model is used to explore the effect of taste heterogeneity on the attributes. The results in the LC models indicate that the most preferred attribute at parks in Kuala Lumpur is recreational facilities. The willingness to pay (WTP) for these facilities range from RM3.25 to RM39.96. This shows that individuals can afford to pay up to RM40.00 per visit for such improvement in the attributes.

scholarly journals Comparison of meat products’ composition bearing/not-bearing claims marketed in the Czech Republic

2011 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavla Steinhauserová ◽  
Irena Řehůřková ◽  
Jiří Ruprich
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Health Claims ◽  
Health Claim ◽  
Legal Requirements ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Nutrition Claims ◽  
Reduced Fat ◽  
Fat Reduction

The aim of this study was to analyse the occurrence and specific composition of meat products (MPs) bearing nutrition/health claims marketed in the Czech Republic. MPs were analysed for fat content, fatty acids (FA) composition and sodium (Na) content. The compliance with legal requirements (Regulation EC No 1924/2006) and information stated on the product was checked.This study is the first one in the Czech Republic dealing with this issue. Among hundreds of marketed MPs, we observed only a limited number of MPs bearing claims. We analysed and compared chemical composition of 12 MPs bearing nutrition claims to 5 identical brand products without any claim. None of the claims dealt with reduced amount of Na/salt content and none was evaluated as an explicit health claim. Most of the mentioned nutrition claims were declared as “Fit, Fitness, Light, Wellness, With low/reduced fat”. Only one claim mentioned “ω3 FA addition”. All analytical results, except one product with claim “Low/reduced fat” or “Light” (if connected with fat reduction), corresponded to the legal requirements and information stated on the product. Three statements on the products associated with Na/salt content did not correspond to the amount measured in the sample. When comparing MPs “with” and “without” nutrition claim, lightly reduced fat or added amount of ω3 FA was recognized only in one product with claim. Other indicators, such as Na/salt content, better FA profile or more evident fat reduction were not found. The results of our study show that claims such as “Healthier, Fit, Fitness or Wellness” may be considered as somewhat misleading for consumers.

Effects of Nutrition Facts Panel Values, Nutrition Claims, and Health Claims on Consumer Attitudes, Perceptions of Disease-Related Risks, and Trust

2000 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith A. Garretson ◽  
Scot Burton
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Consumer Attitudes ◽  
Consumer Welfare ◽  
Purchase Intentions ◽  
Health Claims ◽  
Product Evaluations ◽  
Health Claim ◽  
Nutrition Claims ◽  
Nutrition Facts Panel

In a between-subjects experiment, the authors examine how differences in Nutrition Facts information on fat and fiber, coupled with differing claims for these nutrients (including multiple nutrient claims and a health claim), influence consumers’ product evaluations, perceptions and awareness of disease risk, and trust of the claims and Nutrition Facts information. Results show that the Nutrition Facts information regarding fat affects consumers’ evaluations and perceptions of disease risk but that information on fiber does not. Claims do not affect product evaluations or purchase intentions, and there is a weak effect of inclusion of a health claim on disease risk perceptions. Consumers are less likely to recognize incongruencies in claim and Nutrition Facts information about fiber than fat. Incongruencies regarding the level of fat in the product result in lower trust in the claim information but do not affect trust in the Nutrition Facts data. The authors discuss implications for consumer welfare and public policy.

scholarly journals Assessing consumer preferences and willingness to pay for organic tomatoes in Albania: a conjoint choice experiment study

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. e0114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Engjell Skreli ◽  
Drini Imami ◽  
Catherine Chan-Halbrendt ◽  
Maurizio Canavari ◽  
Edvin Zhllima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Choice Experiment ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Organic Food ◽  
Product Attributes ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Production Type ◽  
Conjoint Choice ◽  
Conjoint Choice Experiment

Albania has potential for developing the organic agriculture sector; however, it is a new industry and constraints abound including lack of consumer preferences information for organic food. Knowledge on consumer preferences and behaviour toward organic (bio) products is crucial for market development benefiting potential entrepreneurs and government policies. They need to know the preference for preferred product attributes and willingness to pay. Tomato, which is the most important vegetable in terms of consumption and production in Albania, is the subject of this study. A conjoint choice experiment with the most important product attributes: production type (bio vs. conventional), production system (open field vs. greenhouse), origin and price were used to design the choice surveys. Four distinct classes have been identified as significant using latent class analysis. The classes are summarized as: bio-ready consumers, price sensitive consumers, variety seeking consumers and quality seeking consumers. Origin played a small influence on preference. Education and income did show some influence on preference for organic tomatoes. Although the organic food market in Albania is in its infancy stage, organic tomatoes are clearly preferred and many consumers are willing to pay a premium price.

scholarly journals Eliciting Egg Consumer Preferences for Organic Labels and Omega 3 Claims in Italy and Hungary

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching-Hua Yeh ◽  
Davide Menozzi ◽  
Áron Török
Keyword(s):  
Latent Class ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Random Parameter ◽  
Latent Class Models ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Health Claims ◽  
Discrete Choice Experiments ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Nutrition And Health ◽  
Product And Process

This paper investigates consumers’ preferences for egg purchase in two European countries, Hungary and Italy. We utilize random parameter logit models to interpret the results of discrete choice experiments (DCE) for the elicitation of preference of the egg consumers. A sample of 403 in the Hungarian survey and 404 in the Italian survey were recruited in summer 2018. The DCE questionnaire includes the following product and process characteristics: organic labels, nutrition and health claims, and price. Our results show that for Hungarian and Italian consumers, the price is the most important attribute, followed by the nutrition and health claim and the organic production labelling. Three egg consumer segments can be identified via latent class models for each country. In both countries, we found similar consumer groups, the Price Sensitive and Quality Optimizing Opportunist Consumers and Health Conscious Buyers, respectively. Particularly, compared to the other segments the Health Conscious Buyers (46% in Hungary and 49% in Italy) exhibited stronger preference for and are willing to pay a higher price premium for eggs with organic label and nutrition claims. In Italy, we identified a third segment with consumers preferring simpler labelling approach, whilst in Hungary we found a consumer segment distrusting the EU organic logo.

scholarly journals Spanish Consumer Purchase Behaviour and Stated Preferences for Yoghurts with Nutritional and Health Claims

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petjon Ballco ◽  
Tiziana De Magistris
Keyword(s):  
Latent Class ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Food Choices ◽  
Health Claims ◽  
Health Claim ◽  
Consumer Evaluation ◽  
Gender Education ◽  
Promotion Campaigns ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

Nutritional and health claims are a useful tool for promoting healthier food choices and prevent non-communicable disease[s] (NCDs). Exhaustive literature that has investigated consumer evaluation of the presence of nutritional and/or health claim(s) during the decision-making process suggests that consumers’ sensitivity towards nutritional claims (NCs) and health claims (HCs) are still fragmented and should be further investigated. Our objective is to study the relationship between choice behaviour, attitudes and socio-demographic characteristics in order to evaluate the effectiveness of consumer characteristics in predicting Spanish consumers’ choice of products with NCs and HCs. A discrete choice experiment for yoghurt was conducted on a sample of 218 Spanish consumers, stratified by age, gender, education level, and income. Applying a latent class approach has enabled us to identify a niche of individuals, sensitive of NCs and HCs and to characterize them with respect to the rest of population. Results suggest that consumers positively valued most claims, however, the valuation was heterogeneous, and three consumer segments were identified: ‘health-claims oriented’, ‘nutritional- and health-claim oriented’ and ‘indifferent’. The results supply insights for the development of more targeted promotion campaigns, as well as for further actions in food marketing.

Tourists’ Willingness to Pay for holiday trip characteristics: A Discrete Choice Experiment

2020 ◽  
pp. 135481662095990
Author(s):  
David Boto-García ◽  
Petr Mariel ◽  
José Baños Pino ◽  
Antonio Alvarez
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Discrete Choice Experiment ◽  
Discrete Choice ◽  
Choice Experiment ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Latent Class Model ◽  
Welfare Loss ◽  
Northern Spain ◽  
Marginal Rates Of Substitution ◽  
Mode Of Transport

This article studies the marginal rates of substitution and Willingness to Pay for holiday trip characteristics. Using a Discrete Choice Experiment, we examine how much individuals from four cities in Northern Spain are willing to pay for accommodation, mode of transport, travel time and length of stay. We estimate a Latent Class Model that accounts for taste heterogeneity based on sociodemographic characteristics. The welfare loss due to a tourism daily tax is also examined. Our results show that respondents place positive utility to travelling by plane, high-quality accommodation and longer stays. Specifically, they are willing to pay €170 more for plane travelling with respect to the use of car, €120 for staying at a four-star hotel relative to an apartment and €760 for a 10-day trip relative to a 3-day one. A daily tax of €1 per person would produce a larger welfare loss in coastal destinations.

scholarly journals Consumers’ Willingness to Pay for Imported Milk: Based on Shanghai, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingling Xu ◽  
Xixi Yang ◽  
Linhai Wu
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Choice Experiment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Consumer Preference ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Strong Preference ◽  
Scale Growth ◽  
Product Attributes ◽  
Nutrition Claims

Against the backdrop of the continuous large-scale growth of imported milk in China, in this research 310 consumers in Shanghai were used as a sample, and a choice experiment was conducted to study consumer preference and willingness to pay for imported milk. The following product attributes were included: nutrition claim, fat content, flavor, country of origin, and price. Our results show that, excepting price, consumers consider flavor the most important attribute, followed by nutrition claim, fat content, and country of origin. Consumers can be delineated into four segments based on consumer preference for the attributes of imported milk: “nutrition claim seekers” are willing to pay the highest price for imported milk with nutrition claims, “indifferent” consumers pay little attention to imported milk attributes, “flavor-oriented” consumers have a strong preference for strawberry-flavored imported milk, and “price-sensitive” consumers weigh the price when choosing imported milk.

scholarly journals Is India Ready for Alt-Meat? Preferences and Willingness to Pay for Meat Alternatives

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 4377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashmit S. Arora ◽  
Daniel A. Brent ◽  
Edward C. Jaenicke
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Choice Experiment ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Latent Class Model ◽  
Future Price ◽  
Indian Market ◽  
Viable Option ◽  
Class Model ◽  
Generation Plant

Little is known about the consumer preferences of next-generation plant-based and cell-based meat alternatives, two food technologies that offer a demand-side solution to the environmental, nutritional, and other societal concerns associated with animal-intensive agriculture. To address this gap, this paper estimates consumers’ willingness to pay for four sources of protein (conventional meat, plant-based meat, cell-based meat, and chickpeas) in a developing country with rising demand for meat—India. A latent class model of a discrete choice experiment conducted in Mumbai identifies four heterogeneous segments in the Indian market. Aggregating across all four segments, respondents are willing to pay a premium for plant-based meat and a smaller premium for cell-based meat over the price of conventional meat. However, our main findings show that these premiums strongly differ across the four consumer-class segments. The results offer important insights into future price points and policy options that might make these meat alternatives commercially successful, and therefore, a viable option in addressing societal concerns.

scholarly journals Spontaneous Variety-Seeking Meal Choice in Business Canteens Impedes Sustainable Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 746
Author(s):  
Pascal Ohlhausen ◽  
Nina Langen
Keyword(s):  
Choice Experiment ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Sustainable Production ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Variety Seeking ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Development Goals

Sustainable meal choices in the out-of-home catering market are essential to attaining the Sustainable Development Goals. This study investigated consumers’ acceptance of different features that help service providers to work more sustainably. For this purpose, data of a choice experiment and a supporting online questionnaire were analyzed using latent class analysis (LCA) and the data of n = 373 employees. Examined attributes in the choice experiment were menu variety, menu type, ordering system, ingredients and price. LCA led to four consumer segments: variety seekers (27.6%), spontaneous decisionmakers—vegetarian (25.7%), spontaneous decisionmakers—meat (24.1%) and vegetarians/vegans (22.6%). Results showed that consumers in all four segments expected to have the choice between different menus in company canteens. Moreover, they preferred spontaneous choice to preordering. Both preferences hamper sustainable production and consumption in the catering sector.

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