scholarly journals Breakfast Habits of a Representative Sample of the Spanish Child and Adolescent Population (The ENALIA Study): Association with Diet Quality

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3772
Author(s):  
Esther Cuadrado-Soto ◽  
Ana M. López-Sobaler ◽  
Ana Isabel Jiménez-Ortega ◽  
Laura M. Bermejo ◽  
Aránzazu Aparicio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Child And Adolescent ◽  
University Education ◽  
Adolescent Population ◽  
Total Diet ◽  
Food Diaries ◽  
Study Association ◽  
Macronutrient Distribution

The association between breakfast quality and total diet quality of children and adolescents ((1–17.9 years (n = 1570)) from the National Dietary Survey on the Child and Adolescent Population in Spain (ENALIA) was analyzed. Dietary information was collected using two non–consecutive one–day food diaries (1–10 years old) or two 24 h dietary recalls (>10 years). Breakfast quality index (BQI) and a variant of Nutrient Rich Foods index (NRF9.3) were calculated to assess the total diet quality. Children and adolescents who had breakfast on at least one day (n = 1561) were divided into two groups according to BQI: Worse Quality Breakfast (WQB) (BQI < 4 points (P66), n = 781) and Good Quality Breakfast (GQB) (BQI ≥ 4, n = 780). Younger children and those whose parents have university education presented higher BQI. GQB group had significantly higher intakes of micronutrients (vitamins A, D, C, B1, B2, B6, niacin, folate, calcium, potassium, magnesium). Fewer GQB children exceeded the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range for fat and had folate and calcium intakes below their estimated average requirement. Daily NRF9.3 was 496.2 ± 54.0, being higher in GQB (503.8 ± 50.6 vs. 488.6 ± 56.2, p < 0.001). Increasing the quality of breakfast increased the possibility of having a NRF9.3 higher than P50 (OR: 1.893, CI: 1.549–2.315, p < 0.0001). Breakfasts have room for quality improvement in a high percentage of children. A higher quality breakfast is associated with a benefit in the quality of the total diet.

scholarly journals Baseline diet quality of predominantly minority children and adolescents from households characterized by low socioeconomic status in the Childhood Obesity Prevention and Treatment Research (COPTR) Consortium

BMC Nutrition ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly P. Truesdale ◽  
Donna M. Matheson ◽  
Meghan M. JaKa ◽  
Sarah McAleer ◽  
Evan C. Sommer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Obesity Prevention ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Minority Children ◽  
Maximum Score ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Treatment Research

Abstract Background The Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2010) is a measure of diet quality that examines conformance with the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. The objectives of this study were to estimate baseline diet quality of predominantly low-income minority children using the HEI-2010 and to identify the most important HEI components to target for dietary intervention. Methods Two or three baseline 24 h dietary recalls were collected in-person or over telephone between May 2012 and June 2014 from 1,745 children and adolescents from four randomized clinical trials in the Childhood Obesity Prevention and Treatment Research (COPTR) Consortium. Nine adequacy and three moderation food components were calculated and averaged to determine overall HEI scores. The overall HEI-2010 scores were categorized as ≥81, 51–80, or ≤ 50 based on the HEI-2005 classification. For each study, mean overall and component HEI scores were estimated using linear regression models. Results Mean (95% CI) overall HEI scores ranged from 47.9 (46.8, 49.0) to 64.5 (63.6, 65.4). Only 0.3 to 8.1% of children and adolescents had HEI-2010 score ≥ 81. The average component score for green and beans was less than 30% of maximum score for all trials. In contrast, the average component score for protein, dairy (except for IMPACT), and empty calories (except forIMPACT) was more than 80% of maximum score. Conclusions Based on HEI-2010 scores, few children and adolescents consumed high quality diets. Dietary interventions for children and adolescents should focus on improving intakes of green vegetables and beans. Clinical trial registry numbers GROW study (clinical trial # NCT01316653); NET-Works study (clinical trial #NCT01606891); Stanford Goals (clinical trial #NCT01642836); IMPACT (clinical trial # NCT01514279).

scholarly journals Association of Ser447Ter polymorphisms of the LPL gene and rs9939609 of the FTO gene with obesity in children and adolescents in the Rostov-on-Don population

2021 ◽  
pp. 119-127
Author(s):  
A. H. Abd Ali ◽  
◽  
O. V. Bocharova ◽  
T. P. Shkurat ◽  
M. A. Shkurat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Child And Adolescent ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fto Gene ◽  
Electrophoretic Method ◽  
Adolescent Population ◽  
Lpl Gene ◽  
Fto Rs9939609 ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Obesity In Children

The aim of this study was to study the correlation between the Ser447ter (C-G) polymorphisms of the LPL gene and rs9939609 of the FTO gene and obesity in children and adolescents of the Rostov region (Russia). A case-control study examined the relationship between the rs9939609 polymorphisms of the FTO gene and Ser447Ter (S447X) of the LPL gene with obesity in 520 children and adolescents of both sexes aged 3 to 18 years: the main group consisted of 370 obese children and adolescents, and the control group - 150 children and adolescents without obesity. Genotyping of polymorphisms T / A rs9939609 of the FTO gene and C / G Ser447Ter of the LPL gene was performed using PCR- allele-specific primers. Polymorphisms of the FTO rs9939609 and LPL Ser447Ter genes in donor DNA samples were typed by the electrophoretic method using commercial test systems from the Litekh research and production com-pany (Russia). The relationship between the rs9939609 polymorphism of the FTO gene and obesity was revealed, differences (P<0.05) were established between the main and control groups in the frequency of occurrence of the AA genotype (P = 0.0079) and allele A (P = 0.005; OR 0.67; 95% CI 0.51–0.88) of the rs9939609 polymorphism of the FTO gene. Combinations of genotypes with increased and decreased risk of obesity in the child and adolescent population of Rostov-on-Don were determined. Antagonistic rela-tionships between the rs9939609 polymorphisms of the FTO gene and Ser447Ter of the LPL gene are shown. Using the MDR method, combinations of genotypes with an increased and decreased risk of obe-sity in the child and adolescent population of Rostov-on-Don were established.

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