scholarly journals Variation of Glucosinolate Contents in Clubroot-Resistant and -Susceptible Brassica napus Cultivars in Response to Virulence of Plasmodiophora brassicae

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 563
Author(s):  
Nazanin Zamani-Noor ◽  
Johann Hornbacher ◽  
Christel Comel ◽  
Jutta Papenbrock
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Plasmodiophora Brassicae ◽  
Artificial Inoculation ◽  
Auxin Signaling ◽  
Auxin Receptor ◽  
Water Homeostasis ◽  
Resistant Cultivars ◽  
Transport Inhibitor ◽  
Indolic Glucosinolate

The present study investigated the changes in total and individual glucosinolates (GSLs) in roots and leaves of different clubroot-resistant and -susceptible oilseed rape cultivars following artificial inoculation with Plasmodiophora brassicae isolates with different virulence. The results showed significant differences in clubroot incidence and severity as well as in the amount of total and individual glucosinolates between oilseed rape cultivars in response to virulence of the pathogen. Single among with total aliphatic and total indolic glucosinolate contents were significantly lower in leaves of susceptible cultivars compared to resistant ones due to the infection. Similarly, single and total aliphatic as well as indolic glucosinolate contents in roots were lower in susceptible cultivars compared to resistant cultivars analyzed. The different isolates of P. brassicae seem to differ in their ability to reduce gluconasturtiin contents in the host. The more aggressive isolate P1 (+) might be able to suppress gluconasturtiin synthesis of the host in a more pronounced manner compared to the isolate P1. A possible interaction of breakdown products of glucobrassicin with the auxin receptor transport inhibitor response 1 (TIR1) is hypothesized and its possible effects on auxin signaling in roots and leaves of resistant and susceptible cultivars is discussed. A potential interplay between aliphatic and indolic glucosinolates that might be involved in water homeostasis in resistant cultivars is explained.

scholarly journals Expression and Role of Biosynthetic, Transporter, Receptor, and Responsive Genes for Auxin Signaling during Clubroot Disease Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 5554
Author(s):  
Arif Hasan Khan Robin ◽  
Gopal Saha ◽  
Rawnak Laila ◽  
Jong-In Park ◽  
Hoy-Taek Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodiophora Brassicae ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Auxin Signaling ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Secondary Phases ◽  
Auxin Receptor ◽  
Clubroot Disease ◽  
Root Tissues

Auxins play a pivotal role in clubroot development caused by the obligate biotroph Plasmodiophora brassicae. In this study, we investigated the pattern of expression of 23 genes related to auxin biosynthesis, reception, and transport in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa) after inoculation with P. brassicae. The predicted proteins identified, based on the 23 selected auxin-related genes, were from protein kinase, receptor kinase, auxin responsive, auxin efflux carrier, transcriptional regulator, and the auxin-repressed protein family. These proteins differed in amino acids residue, molecular weights, isoelectric points, chromosomal location, and subcellular localization. Leaf and root tissues showed dynamic and organ-specific variation in expression of auxin-related genes. The BrGH3.3 gene, involved in auxin signaling, exhibited 84.4-fold increase in expression in root tissues compared to leaf tissues as an average of all samples. This gene accounted for 4.8-, 2.6-, and 5.1-fold higher expression at 3, 14, and 28 days post inoculation (dpi) in the inoculated root tissues compared to mock-treated roots. BrNIT1, an auxin signaling gene, and BrPIN1, an auxin transporter, were remarkably induced during both cortex infection at 14 dpi and gall formation at 28 dpi. BrDCK1, an auxin receptor, was upregulated during cortex infection at 14 dpi. The BrLAX1 gene, associated with root hair development, was induced at 1 dpi in infected roots, indicating its importance in primary infection. More interestingly, a significantly higher expression of BrARP1, an auxin-repressed gene, at both the primary and secondary phases of infection indicated a dynamic response of the host plant towards its resistance against P. brassicae. The results of this study improve our current understanding of the role of auxin-related genes in clubroot disease development.

scholarly journals Nitric oxide influences auxin signaling through S-nitrosylation of the Arabidopsis TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESPONSE 1 auxin receptor

2012 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 492-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
María C. Terrile ◽  
Ramiro París ◽  
Luz I. A. Calderón-Villalobos ◽  
María J. Iglesias ◽  
Lorenzo Lamattina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Auxin Signaling ◽  
Auxin Receptor ◽  
Transport Inhibitor

scholarly journals Influence of Soil-Borne Inoculum of Plasmodiophora brassicae Measured by qPCR on Disease Severity of Clubroot-Resistant Cultivars of Winter Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.)

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 433
Author(s):  
Ann-Charlotte Wallenhammar ◽  
Zahra Saad Omer ◽  
Eva Edin ◽  
Anders Jonsson
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Plasmodiophora Brassicae ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Substantial Variation ◽  
Winter Oilseed Rape ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Resistant Cultivars ◽  
Gene Copies

Use of resistant cultivars is considered the most effective tool in managing clubroot. Three clubroot-resistant commercial winter oilseed rape (OSR) cultivars and a susceptible ‘Cultivar mix’ were evaluated for disease severity index (DSI) and yield performance in field soils, selected for varying abundance of natural inoculum of Plasmodiophora brassicae. Seven field trials were carried out during 2017–2019 in winter OSR crops, and comparative bioassays were performed in a growth chamber. Substantial variation in clubroot infection between years was observed in the field trials. For Cultivar mix, a negative correlation (y = −252.3ln(x) + 58,897.6) was found between inoculum density and seed yield in five trials, whereas no correlation was found for the resistant cultivars. In bioassays, Cultivar mix exhibited a significantly high correlation between DSIb and number of gene copies g−1 soil (R2 = 0.72). For resistant cvs., Mentor and Alister, correlation was R2 = 0.45 and 0.58, respectively, indicating that resistance was under pressure. In field trials, DSIf of the resistant cultivars was lower (<27). The recommendation is thus to use clubroot-resistant cultivars of OSR as part of Integrated Pest Management in situations where abundance of P. brassicae DNA exceeds 1300 gene copies g−1 soil.

Screening of Brassica germplasm for resistance to Plasmodiophora brassicae pathotypes prevalent in Canada for broadening diversity in clubroot resistance

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 501-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Jakir Hasan ◽  
Stephen E. Strelkov ◽  
Ronald J. Howard ◽  
Habibur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Specific Resistance ◽  
Plasmodiophora Brassicae ◽  
Diploid Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
Clubroot Disease ◽  
Clubroot Resistance ◽  
Resistant Cultivars ◽  
Spring Type

Hasan, M. J., Strelkov, S. E., Howard, R. J. and Rahman, H. 2012. Screening of Brassica germplasm for resistance to Plasmodiophora brassicae pathotypes prevalent in Canada for broadening diversity in clubroot resistance. Can. J. Plant Sci. 92: 501–515. Clubroot disease of crucifers, caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae, poses a threat to the Canadian canola industry, and the development of resistant cultivars is urgently needed. Germplasm resistant to local pathotype(s) is the prime requirement for breeding clubroot-resistant cultivars. The objective of this study was to identify Brassica germplasm possessing resistance to P. brassicae pathotypes prevalent in Alberta. Pathotype-specific resistance was identified in the diploid species Brassica rapa (AA) and B. oleracea (CC), and in the amphidiploid B. napus (AACC). Among B. rapa genotypes, turnip was the most resistant, followed by winter type and spring type oilseed rape. The rutabaga group of B. napus, on the other hand, was homogeneous for resistance to Canadian P. brassicae pathotypes. The diploid species B. nigra (BB) also showed pathotype-specific resistance. However, the two amphidiploids carrying the B. nigra genome, B. juncea (AABB) and B. carinata (BBCC) were completely susceptible to clubroot.

scholarly journals Clubroot Symptoms and Resting Spore Production in a Doubled Haploid Population of Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus) Are Controlled by Four Main QTLs

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Botero-Ramírez ◽  
Anne Laperche ◽  
Solenn Guichard ◽  
Mélanie Jubault ◽  
Antoine Gravot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Plasmodiophora Brassicae ◽  
Spore Production ◽  
Doubled Haploid Population ◽  
Resting Spore ◽  
Monogenic Resistance ◽  
Pathogen Fitness ◽  
Haploid Population

Clubroot, caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae Woronin, is one of the most important diseases of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). The rapid erosion of monogenic resistance in clubroot-resistant (CR) varieties underscores the need to diversify resistance sources controlling disease severity and traits related to pathogen fitness, such as resting spore production. The genetic control of disease index (DI) and resting spores per plant (RSP) was evaluated in a doubled haploid (DH) population consisting of 114 winter oilseed rape lines, obtained from the cross ‘Aviso’ × ‘Montego,’ inoculated with P. brassicae isolate “eH.” Linkage analysis allowed the identification of three quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling DI (PbBn_di_A02, PbBn_di_A04, and PbBn_di_C03). A significant decrease in DI was observed when combining effects of the three resistance alleles at these QTLs. Only one QTL, PbBn_rsp_C03, was found to control RSP, reducing resting spore production by 40%. PbBn_rsp_C03 partially overlapped with PbBn_di_C03 in a nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) gene-containing region. Consideration of both DI and RSP in breeding for clubroot resistance is recommended for the long-term management of this disease.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Analysis of Auxin Receptor Family Genes in Brassica juncea var. tumida

Genes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaoming Cai ◽  
De-er Zeng ◽  
Jingjing Liao ◽  
Chunhong Cheng ◽  
Zulfiqar Ali Sahito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Plasmodiophora Brassicae ◽  
Auxin Signaling ◽  
Auxin Receptor ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Gene Structures ◽  
Receptor Family

Transport inhibitor response 1/auxin signaling f-box proteins (TIR1/AFBs) play important roles in the process of plant growth and development as auxin receptors. To date, no information has been available about the characteristics of the TIR1/AFB gene family in Brassica juncea var. tumida. In this study, 18 TIR1/AFB genes were identified and could be clustered into six groups. The genes are located in 11 of 18 chromosomes in the genome of B. juncea var. tumida, and similar gene structures are found for each of those genes. Several cis-elements related to plant response to phytohormones, biotic stresses, and abiotic stresses are found in the promoter of BjuTIR1/AFB genes. The results of qPCR analysis show that most genes have differential patterns of expression among six tissues, with the expression levels of some of the genes repressed by salt stress treatment. Some of the genes are also responsive to pathogen Plasmodiophora brassicae treatment. This study provides valuable information for further studies as to the role of BjuTIR1/AFB genes in the regulation of plant growth, development, and response to abiotic stress.

scholarly journals Local Duplication of TIR-NBS-LRR Gene Marks Clubroot Resistance in Brassica napus cv. Tosca

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr M. Kopec ◽  
Katarzyna Mikolajczyk ◽  
Ewa Jajor ◽  
Agnieszka Perek ◽  
Joanna Nowakowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Plasmodiophora Brassicae ◽  
Doubled Haploids ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Resistance Locus ◽  
Variable Response ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Clubroot Resistance

Clubroot, caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae infection, is a disease of growing importance in cruciferous crops, including oilseed rape (Brassica napus). The affected plants exhibit prominent galling of the roots that impairs their capacity for water and nutrient uptake, which leads to growth retardation, wilting, premature ripening, or death. Due to the scarcity of effective means of protection against the pathogen, breeding of resistant varieties remains a crucial component of disease control measures. The key aspect of the breeding process is the identification of genetic factors associated with variable response to the pathogen exposure. Although numerous clubroot resistance loci have been described in Brassica crops, continuous updates on the sources of resistance are necessary. Many of the resistance genes are pathotype-specific, moreover, resistance breakdowns have been reported. In this study, we characterize the clubroot resistance locus in the winter oilseed rape cultivar “Tosca.” In a series of greenhouse experiments, we evaluate the disease severity of P. brassicae-challenged “Tosca”-derived population of doubled haploids, which we genotype with Brassica 60 K array and a selection of SSR/SCAR markers. We then construct a genetic map and narrow down the resistance locus to the 0.4 cM fragment on the A03 chromosome, corresponding to the region previously described as Crr3. Using Oxford Nanopore long-read genome resequencing and RNA-seq we review the composition of the locus and describe a duplication of TIR-NBS-LRR gene. Further, we explore the transcriptomic differences of the local genes between the clubroot resistant and susceptible, inoculated and control DH lines. We conclude that the duplicated TNL gene is a promising candidate for the resistance factor. This study provides valuable resources for clubroot resistance breeding programs and lays a foundation for further functional studies on clubroot resistance.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document