In Vitro Activity of Newer and Conventional Antimicrobial Agents, Including Fosfomycin and Colistin, against Selected Gram-Negative Bacilli in Kuwait

Limited data are available on susceptibilities of these organisms to some of the recently made accessible antimicrobial agents. The in vitro activities of newer antibiotics, such as, ceftolozane/tazobactam (C/T) and ceftazidime/avibactam (CZA) along with some “older” antibiotics, for example fosfomycin (FOS) and colistin (CL) were determined against selected strains (resistant to ≥ 3 antimicrobial agents) of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were determined by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute microbroth dilution. 133 isolates: 46 E. coli, 39 K. pneumoniae, and 48 P. aeruginosa were tested. Results showed that E. coli isolates with MIC50/90, 0.5/1 μ g / mL for CL; 4/32 μ g / mL for FOS; 0.25/32 μ g / mL for C/T; 0.25/8 μ g / mL for CZA, exhibited susceptibility rates of 95.7%, 97.8%, 76.1%, and 89.1%, respectively. On the other hand, K. pneumoniae strains with MIC50/90, 0.5/1 μ g / mL for CL; 256/512 μ g / mL for FOS; 2/128 μ g / mL for C/T; 0.5/128 μ g / mL for CZA showed susceptibility rates of 92.3%, 7.7%, 51.3%, and 64.1%, respectively. P. aeruginosa isolates with MIC50/90, 1/1 μ g / mL for CL; 128/128 μ g / mL for C/T; 32/64 μ g / mL for CZA presented susceptibility rates of 97.9%, 33.3%, and 39.6%, respectively. Higher MICs were demonstrated against most of the antibiotics. However, CL retained efficacy at low MICs against most of the isolates tested.

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In vitro activity of the siderophore cephalosporin, cefiderocol, against molecularly characterized, carbapenem-non-susceptible Gram-negative bacteria from Europe

JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

10.1093/jacamr/dlaa060 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Christopher Longshaw ◽

Davide Manissero ◽

Masakatsu Tsuji ◽

Roger Echols ◽

Yoshinori Yamano

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Similar Proportion ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

In Vitro Activity ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Carbapenem Resistant ◽

Gene Profiles ◽

Carbapenemase Gene

Abstract Objectives Many carbapenem-resistant (CR) Gram-negative (GN) pathogens exhibit MDR, meaning few therapeutic options are available for CR-GN infections. Cefiderocol, a siderophore cephalosporin, has demonstrated in vitro efficacy against CR-GN bacteria. In the SIDERO-CR-2014–2016 surveillance study, European clinical isolates comprising carbapenem-non-susceptible (CarbNS) Enterobacterales and MDR non-fermenters were tested against cefiderocol and comparators. Methods Cefiderocol MICs were determined using iron-depleted CAMHB, and comparators using CAMHB, per recommended CLSI methodology. Carbapenemase gene profiles were determined using PCR. Results Isolates (N = 870) from 23 European countries comprised CarbNS Enterobacterales (n = 457), MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 177) and MDR Acinetobacter baumannii (n = 236). The most common carbapenemases were KPC (52%), OXA-48-like (19%), VIM (14%) and NDM (8%) in Enterobacterales, VIM (41%) in P. aeruginosa and OXA-23-like (57%) and OXA-24/40-like (37%) in A. baumannii. Most carbapenemase-producing isolates (65%) co-carried ESBLs. Approximately half of P. aeruginosa isolates were negative for carbapenemases, compared with 10% of Enterobacterales and 3% of A. baumannii. A similar proportion of Enterobacterales were susceptible to cefiderocol (81.6%; 79.0% of VIM producers; 51.4% of NDM producers; based on EUCAST breakpoint values) compared with comparator antimicrobial agents, including colistin (76.4%; 93.5% of VIM producers; 78.4% of NDM producers) and ceftazidime/avibactam (76.6%; 1.6% of VIM producers; 2.7% of NDM producers). Of P. aeruginosa isolates, 98.3% were susceptible to cefiderocol (100% of VIM producers), similar to colistin (100%). Against A. baumannii, 94.9% had cefiderocol MIC ≤2 mg/L and 93.6% of isolates were susceptible to colistin. Conclusions Cefiderocol demonstrated potent activity against CarbNS and MDR GN bacteria, including non-fermenters and a wide variety of MBL- and serine-β-lactamase-producing strains.

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In Vitro Activity of Colistin (Polymyxin E) against 3,480 Isolates of Gram-Negative Bacilli Obtained from Patients in Canadian Hospitals in the CANWARD Study, 2007-2008

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.00786-09 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 53 (11) ◽

pp. 4924-4926 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

A. Walkty ◽

M. DeCorby ◽

K. Nichol ◽

J. A. Karlowsky ◽

D. J. Hoban ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Vitro Activity ◽

In Vitro Activity ◽

Broth Microdilution ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Polymyxin E

ABSTRACT The in vitro activity of colistin was evaluated versus 3,480 isolates of gram-negative bacilli using CLSI broth microdilution methods. The MIC90 of colistin was ≤2 μg/ml against a variety of clinically important gram-negative bacilli, including Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Enterobacter spp., Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. All multidrug-resistant (n = 76) P. aeruginosa isolates were susceptible to colistin (MIC, ≤2 μg/ml). These data support a role for colistin in the treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa.

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MICROBIOLOGICAL SCREENING OF OTORRHOEA FROM PEOPLE COMING TO HOSPITAL IN MAHAJANGA

International Journal of Clinical and Biomedical Research ◽

10.31878/ijcbr.2019.61.07 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 25-28

Author(s):

Rivo RAKOTOMALALA ◽

Patrick RANDRIANANDRAINA ◽

Tsiriniaina RAMAVOSON ◽

Fiacre RAMISARIMANANA ◽

Ainamalala Catherine RAZAFINDRAKOTO ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

The Other ◽

Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Negative ◽

E Coli ◽

Ear Infections ◽

Corynebacterium Sp ◽

Gram Positive Cocci

In whole, 56 patients were included. Amidst identified microorganisms were fungus (4,7%) and bacteria (95,3%) to which Gram negative bacilli represented 72,1% (n=44), Gram positive cocci 6,4% (n=10), Gram positive bacilli 8,2% (n=5) and Gram negative cocci 3,3% (n=2). Among these bacterias, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus sp were predominant, with respectively 41% (n=25), 23% (n=14). However, three cases of S. aureus reported, six with negative coagulase Staphylococcus, one with Escherichia coli, one with Klebsiella sp, one with Haemophilus sp, two cases with Neisseria sp and four cases with Corynebacterium sp. Two types of cultures were noticed, one of them monomorphic (91,1%, n=51) and the other polymorphic (8,9%, n=5) to which 3 associations of P. aeruginosa-Proteus sp, 1 association of P. aeruginosa- coagulase negative Staphylococcus and 1 association of P. aeruginosa- E. coli. No resistance to ciprofloxacin was observed with Pseudomonas, Neisseria sp, Haemophilus, and enterobacteria except for E. coli. No resistance to rifampicin was observed with S. aureus. However, the sensitivity of S. aureus to ciprofloxacin decreased (one bacterium out of three). The use of rifampicin or fluoroquinolones should be based on the type of ear infections,

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Antimicrobial agents active against carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in Lebanon

The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries ◽

10.3855/jidc.9729 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (03) ◽

pp. 164-170 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

George Farah Araj ◽

Aline Z Avedissian ◽

Lina Y Itani ◽

Jowana A Obeid

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Retrospective Study ◽

Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Medical Center ◽

In Vitro Activity ◽

E Coli ◽

Carbapenem Resistant ◽

Promising Treatment

Introduction: It is not yet clear which antimicrobial agents should be used to treat the ominously increasing infections with carbapenem-resistant (CR) bacteria. We therefore investigated the activity of different antimicrobial agents against CR Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in Lebanon. Methodology: This retrospective study assessed the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of three carbapenems (by Etest), as well as the in vitro activity of eight other antimicrobials (by disk diffusion) against CR E. coli (n = 300) and K. pneumoniae (n = 232) isolates recovered at a major University Medical Center in Lebanon. Results: Higher percentages of isolates showing carbapenem MICs of ≤ 8 µg/mL were noted among the CR E. coli compared to the CR K. pneumoniae for ertapenem (48% vs 27%), imipenem (74 % vs 58%) and meropenem (82% vs 63%). Among the eight other antimicrobials, activity was generally higher when the MICs for the three carbapenems were ≤ 8 µg/mL. Regardless of the MIC level of the three carbapenems, very low susceptibility rates (≤ 33%) were noted for ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and aztreonam against both E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates. With Amikacin, higher susceptibility rates were seen against E. coli isolates (81%-97%) than against K. pneumoniae isolates (55%-86%), also reflecting higher activity than gentamicin (44%-54%). The best activity (66%-100%) was observed for tigecycline, colistin and fosfomycin against both CR species. Conclusions: Based on the in vitro findings in this study, the combination of a carbapenem showing an MIC of ≤ 8 µg/mL together with an active colistin, tigecycline, or fosfomycin, would offer a promising treatment option for patients infected with CR E. coli or K. pneumoniae.

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In Vitro Activity of a Novel Siderophore-Cephalosporin LCB10-0200 (GT-1), and LCB10-0200/Avibactam, against Carbapenem-Resistant Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strains at a Tertiary Hospital in Korea

Pharmaceuticals ◽

10.3390/ph14040370 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 370

Author(s):

Le Phuong Nguyen ◽

Chul Soon Park ◽

Naina Adren Pinto ◽

Hyunsook Lee ◽

Hyun Soo Seo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽

Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽

Vitro Activity ◽

In Vitro Activity ◽

Strong Activity ◽

E Coli ◽

Carbapenem Resistant

The siderophore–antibiotic conjugate LCB10-0200 (a.k.a. GT-1) has been developed to combat multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. In this study, the in vitro activity of LCB10-0200 and LCB10-0200/avibactam (AVI) has been investigated against carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of LCB10-0200, LCB10-0200/AVI, aztreonam, aztreonam/AVI, ceftazidime, ceftazidime/AVI, and meropenem were measured using the agar dilution method. Whole genome sequencing was performed using Illumina and the resistome was analyzed. LCB10-0200 displayed stronger activity than the comparator drugs in meropenem-resistant E. coli and K. pneumoniae, and the addition of AVI enhanced the LCB10-0200 activity to MIC ≤ 0.12 mg/L for 90.5% of isolates. In contrast, whereas LCB10-0200 alone showed potent activity against meropenem-resistant A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa at MIC ≤ 4 mg/L for 84.3% of isolates, the combination with AVI did not improve its activity. LCB10-0200/AVI was active against CTX-M-, SHV-, CMY-, and KPC- producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae, while LCB10-0200 alone was active against ADC-, OXA-, and VIM- producing A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa. Both LCB10-0200 and LCB10-0200/AVI displayed low activity against IMP- and NDM- producing strains. LCB10-0200 alone exhibited strong activity against selected strains. The addition of AVI significantly increased LCB10-0200 activity against carbapenem-resistant E. coli, K. pneumoniae.

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In Vitro Activity of Ceftaroline Alone and in Combination against Clinical Isolates of Resistant Gram-Negative Pathogens, Including β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.01452-08 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 53 (6) ◽

pp. 2360-2366 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

Céline Vidaillac ◽

Steve N. Leonard ◽

Helio S. Sader ◽

Ronald N. Jones ◽

Michael J. Rybak

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Therapeutic Option ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Vitro Activity ◽

In Vitro Activity ◽

Clinical Value ◽

Gram Negative ◽

E Coli ◽

Time Kill

ABSTRACT Ceftaroline is a novel broad-spectrum cephalosporin that exhibits bactericidal activity against many gram-positive and -negative pathogens. However, the activity of ceftaroline cannot be solely relied upon for eradication of multidrug-resistant gram-negative isolates, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae, which represent a current clinical concern. As drug combinations might be beneficial by potential synergy, we evaluated the in vitro activity of ceftaroline combined with meropenem, aztreonam, cefepime, tazobactam, amikacin, levofloxacin, and tigecycline. Susceptibility testing was performed for 20 clinical P. aeruginosa isolates, 10 ESBL-producing Escherichia coli isolates, 10 ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates, and 10 AmpC-derepressed Enterobacter cloacae isolates. Time-kill experiments were performed for 10 isolates using antimicrobials at one-fourth the MIC. Ceftaroline exhibited a MIC range of 0.125 to 1,024 μg/ml and was reduced 2- to 512-fold by combination with tazobactam (4 μg/ml) for ESBL-producing strains. In time-kill experiments, ceftaroline plus amikacin was synergistic against 90% of the isolates (and indifferent for one P. aeruginosa isolate). Ceftaroline plus tazobactam was indifferent for E. cloacae and P. aeruginosa strains but synergistic against 100% of E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates. Combinations of ceftaroline plus meropenem or aztreonam were also synergistic for all E. coli and E. cloacae isolates, respectively, but indifferent against 90% of the other isolates. Finally, combinations of ceftaroline plus either tigecycline, levofloxacin, or cefepime were indifferent for 100% of the isolates. No antagonism was observed with any combination. Ceftaroline plus amikacin appeared as the most likely synergistic combination. This represents a promising therapeutic option, and further studies are warranted to elucidate the clinical value of ceftaroline combinations against resistant gram-negative pathogens.

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In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Various Cefoperazone/Sulbactam Products

Antibiotics ◽

10.3390/antibiotics9020077 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 77

Author(s):

Ming-Jen Sheu ◽

Chi-Chung Chen ◽

Ying-Chen Lu ◽

Bo-An Su ◽

Chun-Cheng Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

The Other ◽

In Vitro Activity ◽

E Coli ◽

Carbapenem Resistant ◽

Multidrug Resistant Organisms

This study aims to assess the in vitro activity of different samples of cefoperazone/sulbactam (CFP/SUL) against multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs). Clinical isolates of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-Escherichia coli, ESBL-Klebsiella pneumoniae, carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CR-AB), and carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CR-PA) were collected. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and time-killing methods were used to assess and compare the in vitro activities of different samples of cefoperazone/sulbactam (CFP/SUL) against these MDROs. For ESBL-E. coli, ESBL-K. pneumoniae, and CR-PA, product C had smaller variations than product A and B (p < 0.05). For CR-AB, product B had the largest variation compared to the other two products (p < 0.05). In the time-killing studies, significant differences among the products when used at 16/16 µg/mL were noted for ESBL-E. coli, ESBL-K. pneumoniae, and CR-AB isolates. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the significantly different activity of different products of CFP/SUL against MDROs.

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In Vitro Activity of Doripenem (S-4661) against Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli Isolated from Patients with Cystic Fibrosis

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.49.6.2510-2511.2005 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 49 (6) ◽

pp. 2510-2511 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Yunhua Chen ◽

Elizabeth Garber ◽

Qiuqu Zhao ◽

Yigong Ge ◽

Matthew A. Wikler ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cystic Fibrosis ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Burkholderia Cepacia ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Vitro Activity ◽

In Vitro Activity ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Resistant Strains

ABSTRACT Doripenem 50% inhibitory concentrations (MIC50) and 90% inhibitory concentrations (MIC90) for multidrug-resistant strains of mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 200 strains), nonmucoid P. aeruginosa (n = 200), and Burkholderia cepacia complex (n = 200) isolated from patients with cystic fibrosis were 8 and 32, 8 and 64, and 8 and 32 μg/ml, respectively. Doripenem had somewhat better activity than established antimicrobial agents.

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In Vitro Activity of Nemonoxacin, a Novel Nonfluorinated Quinolone, against 2,440 Clinical Isolates

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.00078-09 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 53 (11) ◽

pp. 4915-4920 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

Heather J. Adam ◽

Nancy M. Laing ◽

C. Richard King ◽

Ben Lulashnyk ◽

Daryl J. Hoban ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽

Vitro Activity ◽

Clinical Isolates ◽

In Vitro Activity ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Gram Positive Cocci

ABSTRACT The in vitro activity of nemonoxacin (TG-873870), a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, was tested against 2,440 clinical isolates. Nemonoxacin was at least fourfold more active than levofloxacin and moxifloxacin against most gram-positive cocci tested (shown by the following MIC90/range [μg/ml] values; community-associated methicillin [meticillin]-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, 0.5/0.015 to 2; Staphylococcus epidermidis, 0.5/0.015 to 4 for methicillin-susceptible staphylococci and 2/0.12 to 2 for methicillin-resistant staphylococci; Streptococcus pneumoniae, 0.015/≤0.008 to 0.25; Enterococcus faecalis, 1/0.03 to 128). Nemonoxacin activity against gram-negative bacilli was similar to levofloxacin and moxifloxacin (MIC90/range [μg/ml]; Escherichia coli, 32/≤0.015 to ≥512; Klebsiella pneumoniae, 2/≤0.015 to 128; K. oxytoca, 0.5/0.06 to 1; Proteus mirabilis, 16/0.25 to ≥512; Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 32/≤0.015 to ≥512; Acinetobacter baumannii, 1/0.12 to 16).

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1375. In vitro Activity of Cefiderocol and Comparator Agents against Gram-Negative Isolates from Cancer Patients

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofy210.1206 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (suppl_1) ◽

pp. S421-S422 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kenneth V I Rolston ◽

Bahgat Gerges ◽

Issam Raad ◽

Samuel L Aitken ◽

Ruth Reitzel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cancer Patients ◽

Active Agent ◽

Vitro Activity ◽

Significant Activity ◽

In Vitro Activity ◽

Research Support ◽

Gram Negative ◽

E Coli ◽

Research Grant

Abstract Background Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) are now the predominant cause of bacterial infection in cancer patients (CP). Many GNB are problematic because they have become resistant to commonly used antibiotics. Cefiderocol (CFDC), a novel siderophore cephalosporin, is active against a wide spectrum of GNB. We evaluated its in vitro activity and that of eleven comparator agents against GNB isolated from CP. Methods A total of 341 recent GNB blood isolates from CP were tested using CLSI approved methods for MIC determination by broth microdilution. Comparator agents were amikacin (A), aztreonam (AZ), ceftazidime (CZ), ceftazidime/avibactam (CAV), cefepime (CEF), ciprofloxacin (CIP), colistin (CL), meropenem (MR), ceftolozane/tazobactam (C/T), tigecycline (TG), and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (T/S). Results CFDC MIC90s as mg/L were: S. maltophilia [50 isolates] 0.25, E. coli (ESBL−) [50 isolates] 0.5, E. coli (ESBL+) [51 isolates] 2.0, K. pneumoniae (ESBL− and +) [60 isolates] 0.5; K. pneumoniae (CRE) [22 isolates] 2.0; P. aeruginosa (MDR) [32 isolates] 1.0; E. cloacae [27 isolates] 4.0; Achromobacter spp. [15 isolates] 0.12. CFDC inhibited P. agglomerans, Burkholderia spp., Sphingomonas spp., Ochrobactrum spp. at ≤1 mg/L [23 total isolates] and Elizabethkingia spp. and R. radiobacter at ≤8 mg/L [11 total isolates]. Among comparator agents, only T/S had consistent activity against S. maltophilia. For E. coli (ESBL− and +) MR, TG, CAV, CL were most active. For K. pneumoniae (ESBL–and +) MR, CAV were most active. For K. pneumoniae (CRE) and P. aeruginosa (MDR), none of the comparators had significant activity. For E. cloacae, MR, A, CAV, TG were most active. Among the uncommon organisms, MR and TG had the greatest activity. Conclusion Although susceptibility breakpoints have yet to be determined, CFDC has significant activity (≤4 mg/L) against most problematic Gram-negative organisms causing infections in CP based on available pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic data. In particular, its activity against S. maltophilia was superior to the comparators. Also, it was the most active agent against P. aeruginosa (MDR) and K. pneumoniae (CRE). Based on our results, CFDC warrants clinical evaluation for the treatment of blood stream infections caused by GNB in CP. Disclosures K. V. I. Rolston, Merck: Investigator, Research grant; JMI Laboratories: Investigator, Research grant; Shionogi (Japan): Investigator, Research grant. B. Gerges, Shionogi: Collaborator, Research support. S. L. Aitken, Shionogi: Scientific Advisor, Consulting fee; Merck: Scientific Advisor, Consulting fee; Medicines Co: Scientific Advisor, Consulting fee; Achaogen: Scientific Advisor, Consulting fee; Zavante: Scientific Advisor, Consulting fee; R. Prince, Shionogi: Investigator, Research support. Merck: Investigator, Research support.

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