scholarly journals A Focus Group Study about Oral Drug Administration Practices at Hospital Wards—Aspects to Consider in Drug Development of Age-Appropriate Formulations for Children

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Rautamo ◽  
Kirsi Kvarnström ◽  
Mia Sivén ◽  
Marja Airaksinen ◽  
Pekka Lahdenne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Administration ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Oral Dosage ◽  
Oral Drug ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Age Appropriate ◽  
Oral Dosage Forms ◽  
Hospital Wards

Oral drug administration to pediatric patients is characterized by a lack of age-appropriate drug products and the off-label use of medicines. However, drug administration practices at hospital wards is a scarcely studied subject. The aim of this study was to explore the oral drug administration practices at pediatric hospital wards, with a focus on experiences and challenges faced, methods used to mitigate existing problems, drug manipulation habits, perceptions about oral dosage forms and future needs of oral dosage forms for children. This was a qualitative study consisting of focus group discussions with physicians, nurses and clinical pharmacists in a tertiary university hospital with the objective of bringing forward a holistic view on this research topic. These healthcare professionals recognized different administration challenges that were classified as either dosage form-related or patient-related ones. A lack of depot formulations developed especially for children as well as oral pediatric dosage forms of drug substances currently available as intravenous dosage forms was recognized. The preferred oral dosage forms were oral liquids and orodispersible tablets. Patient-centered drug administration practices including factors facilitating drug administration both at hospital wards and at home after patient discharge were identified. Among all healthcare professionals, the efficient cooperation in drug prescribing and administration as well as in educating the child’s caregivers in correct administration techniques before discharge and improving the overall discharge process of patients was emphasized. This study complements the prevalent understanding that new dosage forms for children of varying ages and stages of development are still needed. It also brings a holistic view on different aspects of oral drug administration to pediatric patients and overall patient-centered drug administration practices.

scholarly journals Fast dissolving tablets: waterless patient compliance dosage forms

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 303-317
Author(s):  
SANTOSH KUMAR RADA ◽  
Annu Kumari
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Oral Drug Delivery ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Oral Dosage ◽  
Oral Drug ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Solid Dosage ◽  
Oral Dosage Forms

Drug delivery by the oral route is the most prescribable and acceptable route in terms of patient’s compliance. Improvement of patient’s compliance has always a challenge towards the development of oral drug delivery system. In the market different types of oral dosage forms are available in which tablets, capsules, syrups, suspensions are preferred ones. Oral solid drug delivery faces drawback in case of swallowing especially with paediatrics and geriatric psychotic patients. Therefore scientists attracted towards fast mouth dissolving drug delivery systems to encounter existing problems with unique property of palatability and rapid disintegration. The concept of fast dissolving tablet came into existence in late 1970 and further improvements are still going on in connection with its preparation and methodology. Fast dissolving tablets have faster disintegration and dissolution rate and releases within 30 seconds as they come in contact with saliva. These systems also obviate the requirement of carry water during drug administration. This facilitate drug delivery to the patients of dysphasic, psychic, paediatrics, geriatric and bed-ridden, unconscious population. As fast dissolving tablets falls under desired expectation of safer, convenient and economical solid dosage forms, several techniques have been developed to improve disintegration quality in the recent past years. This article mainly focuses on formulation and evaluation technologies with recent advancement made so far in the field of fast dissolving tablets. Keywords: Fast disintegration; Dysphasia; Mouth dissolving; Self-medication.

scholarly journals An Investigation into the Relationship between Xanthan Gum Film Coating Materials and Predicted Oro-Esophageal Gliding Performance for Solid Oral Dosage Forms

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nélio Drumond ◽  
Sven Stegemann
Keyword(s):  
Xanthan Gum ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Oral Dosage ◽  
Oral Drug ◽  
Lauryl Sulfate ◽  
Mucous Layer ◽  
Esophageal Transit ◽  
Film Forming ◽  
Solid Oral Dosage Forms ◽  
Oral Dosage Forms

Oral drug therapy is generally provided in the form of solid oral dosage forms (SODF) that have to be swallowed and move throughout the oro-esophageal system. Previous studies have provided evidence that the oro-esophageal transit of SODF depends on their shape, size, density, and surface characteristics. To estimate the impact of SODF surface coatings during esophageal transit, an in vitro system was implemented to investigate the gliding performance across an artificial mucous layer. In this work, formulations comprised of different slippery-inducing agents combined with a common film forming agent were evaluated using the artificial mucous layer system. Xanthan gum (XG) and polyethylene glycol 1500 (PEG) were applied as film-forming agents, while carnauba wax (CW), lecithin (LE), carrageenan (CA), gellan gum (GG) and sodium alginate (SA), and their combination with sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), were applied as slippery-inducing components. All tested formulations presented lower static friction (SF) as compared to the negative control (uncoated disc, C, F0), whereas only CW/SLS-based formulations showed similar performance to F0 regarding dynamic friction (DF). The applied multivariate analysis approach allowed a higher level of detail to the evaluation and supported a better identification of excipients and respective concentrations that are predicted to improve in vivo swallowing safety.

scholarly journals Acceptability of different oral dosage forms in paediatric patients in hospital setting

2021 ◽  
pp. archdischild-2021-322604
Author(s):  
Varsha Pokharkar ◽  
Manjusha Sajith ◽  
Thibault Vallet ◽  
Shruti Akshantal ◽  
Rathin Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Score Test ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Oral Dosage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Paediatric Patients ◽  
Age Appropriate ◽  
Oral Dosage Forms

ObjectiveThe understanding of acceptability of existing dosage forms is limited in most of the world and hinders the development of acceptable, age‐appropriate medicines. The attributes of paediatric medicine acceptability may differ from country to country based on culture, healthcare infrastructure and health policies. This study was designed to map the acceptability of oral medicines in paediatric patients treated in hospital in India.MethodsAn observational, cross-sectional study was conducted in patients aged below 18 years and taking any form of oral medication. Acceptability scores were obtained using CAST–ClinSearch Acceptability Score Test tool.Findings490 patients were recruited and 193 evaluations of different pharmaceutical products available in 20 dosage forms and 7 routes of administration were studied. Oral liquids (50%) and tablets (35%) were the most commonly prescribed and administered forms. Regardless of the therapeutic class and age, the oral liquids were ‘positively accepted’ in infants and toddlers. Acceptability of tablets improved with age and appeared to be generally good from the age of 6.ConclusionThis study indicates the limited progress towards adoption of age-appropriate dosage forms in India and thus impact on the acceptability of existing oral dosage forms. The key challenges posed by the adoption of age-appropriate formulations in India are (1) awareness of importance of appropriate administration and acceptability of medicines to children in India, (2) availability of age-appropriate dosage forms and (3) lack of child-appropriate medicine policies.

scholarly journals Treatment of COVID-19 Patients Post-Bariatric Surgery: Issues for Consideration

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 2827
Author(s):  
Carmil Azran ◽  
Daniel Porat ◽  
Arik Dahan ◽  
Dror Dicker
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Pharmacological Therapy ◽  
Oral Dosage ◽  
Oral Drug ◽  
Optimal Care ◽  
Routes Of Administration ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Post Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Oral Dosage Forms

As COVID-19 has been expanding rapidly around the world, the types of patients and their backgrounds vary. The substantially altered GI anatomy/physiology after bariatric surgery presents new challenges to the field of oral drug therapy. In this report we highlight issues for consideration when treating COVID-19 patients who previously underwent bariatric surgery and provide practical tools to allow optimal care of these patients. Post-bariatric absorption/pharmacokinetic changes may warrant dose adjustment, as well as the use of liquid oral dosage forms or parenteral routes of administration, if available. Realizing the potentially altered pharmacokinetics of various drugs after bariatric surgery is essential for providing optimal pharmacological therapy and overall patient care.

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