scholarly journals Vacuum Energy Decay from a q-Bubble

Physics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frans R. Klinkhamer ◽  
Osvaldo P. Santillán ◽  
Grigory E. Volovik ◽  
Albert Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Cosmological Constant ◽  
Time Evolution ◽  
Gravitational Collapse ◽  
Vacuum Energy ◽  
Finite Size ◽  
Energy Scale ◽  
Gravitational Energy ◽  
Numerical Results ◽  
Field Energy ◽  
Spherical Bubble

We consider a finite-size spherical bubble with a nonequilibrium value of the q-field, where the bubble is immersed in an infinite vacuum with the constant equilibrium value q 0 for the q-field (this q 0 has already cancelled an initial cosmological constant). Numerical results are presented for the time evolution of such a q-bubble with gravity turned off and with gravity turned on. For small enough bubbles and a q-field energy scale sufficiently below the gravitational energy scale E Planck , the vacuum energy of the q-bubble is found to disperse completely. For large enough bubbles and a finite value of E Planck , the vacuum energy of the q-bubble disperses only partially and there occurs gravitational collapse near the bubble center.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Cosmological Constant in Inflation with a Massive Nonminimal Scalar Field

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Jung-Jeng Huang
Keyword(s):  
Scalar Field ◽  
Dispersion Relation ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Cosmological Constant ◽  
Vacuum Energy ◽  
Vacuum State ◽  
Energy Scale ◽  
Quantum Evolution ◽  
Vacuum Energy Density ◽  
De Sitter

In Schrödinger picture we study the possible effects of trans-Planckian physics on the quantum evolution of massive nonminimally coupled scalar field in de Sitter space. For the nonlinear Corley-Jacobson type dispersion relations with quartic or sextic correction, we obtain the time evolution of the vacuum state wave functional during slow-roll inflation and calculate explicitly the corresponding expectation value of vacuum energy density. We find that the vacuum energy density is finite. For the usual dispersion parameter choice, the vacuum energy density for quartic correction to the dispersion relation is larger than for sextic correction, while for some other parameter choices, the vacuum energy density for quartic correction is smaller than for sextic correction. We also use the backreaction to constrain the magnitude of parameters in nonlinear dispersion relation and show how the cosmological constant depends on the parameters and the energy scale during the inflation at the grand unification phase transition.

CP NONINVARIANCE AND AN EFFECTIVE COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT: THE ENERGY DENSITY IN A PSEUDOSCALAR FIELD WHICH ARISES FROM A COSMOLOGICAL, SPONTANEOUSLY-BROKEN CHIRAL SYMMETRY

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (39) ◽  
pp. 2899-2908 ◽  
Author(s):  
SAUL BARSHAY ◽  
GEORG KREYERHOFF
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Cosmological Constant ◽  
Chiral Symmetry ◽  
Vacuum Energy ◽  
Energy Scale ◽  
Vacuum Energy Density ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Absolute Value ◽  
Effective Cosmological Constant ◽  
Residual Vacuum

We present and discuss the properties and the main results of a cosmological model with a spontaneously-broken chiral symmetry. The model contains and relates dynamically, two spin-zero fields. The scalar field can provide the dynamical basis for inflation in the early universe. The pseudoscalar, Goldstone field can provide an early, small residual vacuum energy density, the absolute value of which we estimate to be similar to the present, empirically small vacuum energy density. The small energy scale for this effective cosmological constant is estimated separately, by relating it dynamically to the empirical, small scale of neutrino mass. CP invariance is broken spontaneously. This provides a natural basis for the early generation of an antineutrino–neutrino asymmetry, whose magnitude we estimate, and find to be significant.

scholarly journals TIME, VACUUM ENERGY, AND THE COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 2265-2268 ◽  
Author(s):  
VIQAR HUSAIN
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Gravity ◽  
Cosmological Constant ◽  
Vacuum Energy ◽  
Cosmological Constant Problem ◽  
Problem Of Time ◽  
The Relationship

We describe a link between the cosmological constant problem and the problem of time in quantum gravity. This arises from examining the relationship between the cosmological constant and vacuum energy in light of nonperturbative formulations of quantum gravity.

scholarly journals Gravitational collapse and the cosmological constant

2001 ◽  
Vol 63 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Deshingkar ◽  
S. Jhingan ◽  
A. Chamorro ◽  
P. S. Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Cosmological Constant ◽  
Gravitational Collapse

scholarly journals The nature of the gravitational vacuum

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (14) ◽  
pp. 1944005
Author(s):  
Samir D. Mathur
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
String Theory ◽  
Cosmological Constant ◽  
Mass Formula ◽  
Vacuum Energy ◽  
Planck Scale ◽  
Cosmological Constant Problem ◽  
Horizon Radius ◽  
Number Formula ◽  
Gravitational Vacuum

The vacuum must contain virtual fluctuations of black hole microstates for each mass [Formula: see text]. We observe that the expected suppression for [Formula: see text] is counteracted by the large number [Formula: see text] of such states. From string theory, we learn that these microstates are extended objects that are resistant to compression. We argue that recognizing this ‘virtual extended compression-resistant’ component of the gravitational vacuum is crucial for understanding gravitational physics. Remarkably, such virtual excitations have no significant effect for observable systems like stars, but they resolve two important problems: (a) gravitational collapse is halted outside the horizon radius, removing the information paradox, (b) spacetime acquires a ‘stiffness’ against the curving effects of vacuum energy; this ameliorates the cosmological constant problem posed by the existence of a planck scale [Formula: see text].

scholarly journals Gravitational Theory Without the Cosmological Constant Problem

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (32) ◽  
pp. 2421-2424 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. I. Guendelman ◽  
A. B. Kaganovich
Keyword(s):  
Cosmological Constant ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Vacuum Energy ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Realistic Model ◽  
Gravitational Theory ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Higher Dimensional Space Time ◽  
Higher Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Space Time

We develop a gravitational theory where the measure of integration in the action principle is not necessarily [Formula: see text] but it is determined dynamically through additional degrees of freedom. This theory is based on the demand that such measure respects the principle of "non-gravitating vacuum energy" which states that the Lagrangian density L can be changed to L + const. without affecting the dynamics. Formulating the theory in the first-order formalism we get as a consequence of the variational principle a constraint that enforces the vanishing of the cosmological constant. The most realistic model that implements these ideas is realized in a six or higher dimensional space–time. The compactification of extra dimensions into a sphere gives the possibility of generating scalar masses and potentials, gauge fields and fermionic masses. It turns out that the remaining four-dimensional space–time must have effective zero cosmological constant.

scholarly journals Finite size scaling in the solar wind magnetic field energy density as seen by WIND

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 86-1-86-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Hnat ◽  
S. C. Chapman ◽  
G. Rowlands ◽  
N. W. Watkins ◽  
W. M. Farrell
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Solar Wind ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Finite Size ◽  
Field Energy ◽  
Finite Size Scaling ◽  
Size Scaling ◽  
Magnetic Field Energy ◽  
Solar Wind Magnetic Field ◽  
Field Energy Density
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