Yield, Physiological Performance, and Phytochemistry of Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) under Temperature Stress and Elevated CO2 Concentrations

Early season sowing is one of the methods for avoiding yield loss for basil due to high temperatures. However, basil could be exposed to sub-optimal temperatures by planting it earlier in the season. Thus, an experiment was conducted that examines how temperature changes and carbon dioxide (CO2) levels affect basil growth, development, and phytonutrient concentrations in a controlled environment. The experiment simulated temperature stress, low (20/12 °C), and high (38/30 °C), under ambient (420 ppm) and elevated (720 ppm) CO2 concentrations. Low-temperature stress prompted the rapid closure of stomata resulting in a 21% decline in net photosynthesis. Chlorophylls and carotenoids decreased when elevated CO2 interacted with low-temperature stress. Basil exhibited an increase in stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration, apparent quantum yield, maximum photosystem II efficiency, and maximum net photosynthesis rate when subjected to high-temperature stress. Under elevated CO2, increasing the growth temperature from 30/22 °C to 38/30 °C markedly increased the antioxidants content of basil. Taken together, the evidence from this research recommends that varying the growth temperature of basil plants can significantly affect the growth and development rates compared to increasing the CO2 concentrations, which mitigates the adverse effects of temperature stress.

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Global warming over the period 1961–2008 did not increase high-temperature stress but did reduce low-temperature stress in irrigated rice across China

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology ◽

10.1016/j.agrformet.2011.04.009 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 151 (9) ◽

pp. 1193-1201 ◽

Cited By ~ 66

Author(s):

Wen Sun ◽

Yao Huang

Keyword(s):

Global Warming ◽

High Temperature ◽

Low Temperature ◽

Temperature Stress ◽

High Temperature Stress ◽

Low Temperature Stress ◽

Irrigated Rice

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Interactive Impacts of Temperature and Elevated CO2 on Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) Root and Shoot Morphology and Growth

Horticulturae ◽

10.3390/horticulturae7050112 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (5) ◽

pp. 112

Author(s):

T. Casey Barickman ◽

Omolayo J. Olorunwa ◽

Akanksha Sehgal ◽

C. Hunt Walne ◽

K. Raja Reddy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

Elevated Co2 ◽

Temperature Stress ◽

High Temperature Stress ◽

Interactive Effects ◽

Root Tips ◽

Adverse Impacts ◽

Co2 Concentrations ◽

Effects Of Temperature ◽

Ambient Co2

Recent evidence suggests that the effects of temperature significantly affect the growth and development of basil plants with detrimental impacts on yield. The current research investigated the interactive effects of varying temperature and CO2 levels on the shoot and root morphology and growth of early and late-season basil plants. Basil plants were subjected to control (30/22 °C), low (20/12 °C), and high (38/30 °C) temperature under ambient (420 μL L−1) and elevated (720 μL L−1) CO2 concentrations. Decreasing the temperature to 20/12 °C caused more adverse effects on the morphological traits of the early-season basil. Relative to the control treatments, low- and high-temperature stresses decreased 71 and 14% in marketable fresh mass, respectively. Basil exhibited an increase in plant height, node and branch numbers, specific leaf area, anthocyanin and nitrogen balance index, root tips, and root crossings when subjected to high-temperature stress. Furthermore, elevated CO2 affected many morphological features compared to ambient CO2 concentrations. The findings of this study suggest that varying the growth temperature of basil plants would more significantly impact the shoot and root morphologies and growth rates of basil than increasing the CO2 concentrations, which ameliorated the adverse impacts of temperature stress.

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Transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling of Camellia sinensis L. cv. ‘Suchazao’ exposed to temperature stresses reveals modification in protein synthesis and photosynthetic and anthocyanin biosynthetic pathways

Tree Physiology ◽

10.1093/treephys/tpz059 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 39 (9) ◽

pp. 1583-1599 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Jiazhi Shen ◽

Dayan Zhang ◽

Lin Zhou ◽

Xuzhou Zhang ◽

Jieren Liao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

High Temperature ◽

Low Temperature ◽

Temperature Stress ◽

High Temperature Stress ◽

Low Temperature Stress ◽

Late Embryogenesis Abundant Protein ◽

Anthocyanin Synthesis ◽

Temperature Stresses ◽

Tea Plants

Abstract To determine the mechanisms in tea plants responding to temperature stresses (heat and cold), we examined the global transcriptomic and metabolomic profiles of the tea plant cultivar ‘Suchazao’ under moderately low temperature stress (ML), severely low temperature stress (SL), moderately high temperature stress (MH) and severely high temperature stress (SH) using RNA-seq and high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS), respectively. The identified differentially expressed genes indicated that the synthesis of stress-resistance protein might be redirected to cope with the temperature stresses. We found that heat shock protein genes Hsp90 and Hsp70 played more critical roles in tea plants in adapting to thermal stress than cold, while late embryogenesis abundant protein genes (LEA) played a greater role under cold than heat stress, more types of zinc finger genes were induced under cold stress as well. In addition, energy metabolisms were inhibited by SH, SL and ML. Furthermore, the mechanisms of anthocyanin synthesis were different under the cold and heat stresses. Indeed, the CsUGT75C1 gene, encoding UDP-glucose:anthocyanin 5-O-glucosyl transferase, was up-regulated in the SL-treated leaves but down-regulated in SH. Metabolomics analysis also showed that anthocyanin monomer levels increased under SL. These results indicate that the tea plants share certain foundational mechanisms to adjust to both cold and heat stresses. They also developed some specific mechanisms for surviving the cold or heat stresses. Our study provides effective information about the different mechanisms tea plants employ in surviving cold and heat stresses, as well as the different mechanisms of anthocyanin synthesis, which could speed up the genetic breeding of heat- and cold-tolerant tea varieties.

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Cycling ambient temperature effect on boar semen

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s0003356100041441 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 38 (1) ◽

pp. 129-132 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

H. Heitman ◽

J. R. Cockrell ◽

S. R. Morrison

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

Low Temperature ◽

Ambient Temperature ◽

Temperature Stress ◽

Semen Quality ◽

High Temperature Stress ◽

Low Temperature Stress ◽

Temperature Cycle ◽

Control Group ◽

Medium Temperature

ABSTRACTTwenty-four 1-year-old boars of proven fertility were assigned randomly to one of two temperature-controlled trailers. A control group in each trial was held at 17 ± 0·5°C while the other group was exposed to a diurnal ambient temperature cycle. Cycles followed a sine-wave pattern with minimum and maximum temperatures occurring at 04.00 and 16.00 h respectively. Cycling temperature ranges were 17 to 33 ± 0·5°C (low-temperature stress), 19·5 to 35·5 ± 0·5°C (medium-temperature stress), and 22 to 38 ± 0·5°C (high-temperature stress). Semen samples were collected every 3 or 4 days over an experimental period of 42 days.Low-temperature stress and medium-temperature stress boars were not affected significantly in the five parameters of semen quality observed. The difference between controls and high-temperature stress boars was highly significant for motility, abnormal spermatozoa, gel-free volume, and total spermatozoa per ejaculate. Concentration of spermatozoa was not affected by treatment. Significant time effects were observed for motility, abnormal spermatozoa and total spermotozoa per ejaculate. Significant differences began to appear after 2 or 3 weeks and changes still appeared to be occurring at 6 weeks.

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A high- and low-temperature inducible Arabidopsis thaliana HSP101 promoter located in a nonautonomous Mutator-like element

Genome ◽

10.1139/g05-003 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 547-555 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Lester W Young ◽

Rebecca H Cross ◽

S Ashley Byun-McKay ◽

Ron W Wilen ◽

Peta C Bonham-Smith

Keyword(s):

Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽

High Temperature ◽

Low Temperature ◽

Temperature Stress ◽

Temperature Response ◽

High Temperature Stress ◽

Low Temperature Stress ◽

Terminal Inverted Repeat ◽

Partial Methylation ◽

Endogenous Expression

Transcriptional activity of a 573-bp fragment of HSP101 (At1g74310) incorporated into a Mutator-like element (MULE) transposon was investigated in Arabidopsis thaliana Columbia. Sequence identity between the HSP101-MULE arrangement and a continuous segment of the original HSP101 promoter, 5' UTR exon, and open reading frame (ORF) was high (87%) but lower in the 5' UTR intron (69%). Collectively, the HSP101 ORF, the MULE 5' terminal inverted repeat (TIR), and the 1.3 kb immediately upstream of the TIR is located on chromosome IV, and we refer to it as HSP101B. Located within the HSP101B promoter, upstream of 2 heat shock elements (HSEs), are 4 COR15a-like low-temperature response elements (LTREs). The HSP101B ORF was transcribed in the leaves and inflorescences of high-temperature stress (HTS) treated Arabidopsis thaliana but not in low-temperature stress (LTS) and control plants. Transiently transformed Arabidopsis seedlings, as well as stable transformed lines of Linum usitatissimum (flax) and Brassica napus (canola) containing a HSP101B promoter:GUS construct, showed either LTS-, or LTS- and HTS-, induced β-glucuronidase expression. Results from PCR amplifications of HpaII- and MspI-digested Arabidopsis genomic DNA suggest that endogenous expression of HSP101B may be downregulated by partial methylation of the HSP101B sequence between the TIRs of the associated MULE.Key words: promoter function, low temperature stress, high temperature stress; Arabidopsis HSP101, Mutator-like element, transposon.

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