scholarly journals Spermidine Suppressed the Inhibitory Effects of Polyamines Inhibitors Combination in Maize (Zea mays L.) Seedlings under Chilling Stress

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2421
Author(s):  
Canhong Gao ◽  
Mohamed S. Sheteiwy ◽  
Chen Lin ◽  
Yajing Guan ◽  
Zaid Ulhassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Chilling Stress ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Maize Seed ◽  
Adenosylmethionine Decarboxylase ◽  
Combination Treatments ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Doses

Chilling stress greatly inhibited the seed germination, plant growth, development and productivity in this study. The current research aimed to study the effects of different polyamine (PA) inhibitor combinations (Co), e.g., D-arginine (D-Arg), difluoromethylormithine (DFMO), aminoguanidine (Ag) and methylglyoxyl–bis-(guanyhydrazone) (MGBG) at different doses, i.e., 10 µM Co, 100 µM Co, 500 µM Co, 1000 µM Co and 1000 µM Co + 1 mM Spd (Spermidine) in two inbred lines of maize (Zea mays L.), i.e., Mo17 and Huang C, a sensitive and tolerant chilling stress, respectively. The combination treatments of PA inhibitors reduced the biosynthesis of putrescine (Put) in the tissues of both studied inbred lines. Application with 500 µM Co and 1000 µM Co did not result in a significant difference in Put concentrations, except in the coleoptile of Mo17. However, combining Spd to 1000 μM of PA inhibitors enhanced the Put, Spd, spermine (Spm) and total PAs in the roots, coleoptile and mesocotyls. Put and total PAs were increased by 39.7% and 30.54%, respectively, when Spd + 1000 µM Co were applied relative to their controls. Chilling stress and PA inhibitors treatments affected both inbred lines and resulted in differences in the PA contents. Results showed that enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of PAs (ornithine decarboxylase as ODC and S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase as SAMDC) were significantly downregulated by 1000 µM Co in the tissues of both inbred lines. In contrast, the activity of PAO, a Pas degradation enzyme, was significantly improved by 1000 µM Co under chilling stress. However, Spd + 1000 µM Co significantly improved the activities of ODC and SAMDC and their transcript levels (ODC and SAMDC2). While it significantly downregulated the PAO activity and their relative genes (PAO1, PAO2 and PAO3) under chilling stress. Overall, this study elucidates the specific roles of Spd on the pathway of PA inhibitors and PA biosynthesis metabolism in maize seed development in response to chilling stress. Moreover, the Huang C inbred line was more tolerant than Mo17, which was reflected by higher activities of PA biosynthesis-related enzymes and lower activities of PAs’ degradative-related enzymes in Huang C.

scholarly journals Détermination De La Dose Optimale D'engrais Minéral 15-15-15 Sur Cinq (05) Variétés De Maïs Doux (Zea Mays L. ssp. saccharata) Au Sénégal

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (27) ◽  
pp. 135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariama Dalanda Diallo ◽  
Aïchatou Toure ◽  
Fatou Diop Mbacke ◽  
Minda Mahamat Saleh ◽  
Goalbaye Touroumgaye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Saint Louis ◽  
Normal Dose ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Basic Criterion ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Doses

The objective of this study is to assess the response of five varieties of sweet maize namely, Prime plus (V1), Shy 1036 (V2), Colombus (V3), GSS (V4), and JKMH-45 (V5) to three different doses of NPK (15-15-15) fertilizer: F1 (normal dose), F2 (75% of the normal dose) and F3 (125% of the normal dose). An experimental design in Fisher blocs with 15 treatments was established at the ISRA/CRA experimental station in Saint Louis (Senegal). The results have shown that 30 days after sowing (DAS), the varieties Colombus, GSS and JKMH-45 have had the highest heights with 32.75 cm, 31.85 cm and 31.46 cm, respectively with the F2 dose. The variety JKMH-45 has a greater height of the upper ear (89.39 cm) at 60 DAS and valorizes better the F2 dose (75% of the normal dose). The F3 dose increases less the plant’s height. A non-significant difference was observed among the 5 varieties used regarding the precocity. The variety V2 or Shy 1036 developed ears at first, but is not precocious compared to the variety V1 that not only shows earlier anthesis but also an appearance of darker hairs. The variety JKMH-45, although presenting darker hairs after the variety Prime plus, is the latest variety, earing at 57 DAS and with male and female anthesis appearing at 59 DAS and 63 DAS. This study can constitute a basic criterion in differentiating the sweet maize varieties in Senegal. It would also allow more financial saving on inputs and contribute to the maximization ofproduction if the choice of the variety is well done.

Ultrastructure and Dimensions of Chloroplasts in Leaves of Three Maize (Zea mays L.) Inbred Lines and their F1 Hybrids Grown Under Moderate Chilling Stress

2004 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kutik ◽  
D. Hola ◽  
M. Kocova ◽  
O. Rothova ◽  
D. Haisel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Chilling Stress ◽  
Inbred Lines

AVALIAÇÃO DE LINHAGENS S3 DE MILHO EM CRUZAMENTO TOPCROSS EM DOIS ESPAÇAMENTOS ENTRE LINHAS

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 328
Author(s):  
ANDRÉ GABRIEL ◽  
MARCOS VENTURA FARIA ◽  
MARCELO CRUZ MENDES ◽  
EMANUEL GAVA ◽  
WELTON LUIZ ZALUSKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Line Spacing ◽  
Topcross Hybrids

 RESUMO – A utilização de híbridos comerciais é uma opção para gerar populações-base para obter novas linhagens superiores. Portanto, objetivou-se com a pesquisa selecionar linhagens S3 superiores para produtividade de grãos, avaliadas em dois espaçamentos, para ser avançadas no processo de endogamia. Para isso, foram avaliados 75 híbridos topcrosses juntamente com seis híbridos comerciais (DKB245 PRO2, P30F53 H, P30B39 H, AS1572, DKB315 PRO e SG6030 PRO). Foi utilizado o delineamento látice triplo 9x9 para avaliação de florescimento masculino (FM), altura de planta (AP), altura de espiga (AE), prolificidade (PR) e produtividade de grãos (PG). Houve diferença significativa entre genótipos para todas as características avaliadas, interação genótipo x espaçamento para a PG e AE. Não foi constatada diferença significativa para espaçamento entre linhas. Os híbridos topcrosses TC102-05, TC102-06, TC102-15, TC102-16, TC102-17, TC102-21 e TC102-24 se destacaram nos dois espaçamentos entre linhas, aliando características de produtividade de grãos, estatura e ciclo precoce, cujas respectivas linhagens deverão ser avançadas no processo de endogamia.Palavras-chave: Zea mays L., testador, linhagens parcialmente endogâmicas. EVALUATION OF S3 MAIZE LINES TOPCROSSED IN TWO ROW SPACINGS ABSTRACT – The use of commercial hybrids is an option to generate base populations for obtaining new superior lines. The objective of this study was to select S3 lines superior for grain yield, evaluated in two row spacings, to be advanced in the process of inbreeding. For this, 75 topcross hybrids were evaluated along with six commercial hybrids (DKB245 PRO2, P30F53 H, P30B39 H, AS1572, DKB315 PRO and SG6030 PRO). The 9x9 triple lattice design was used.to evaluate the agronomic traits of male flowering (MF), plant height (PH), ear heigth (EH), prolificacy (PR) and grain yield (GY). There was a significant difference between genotype for all traits evaluated, interaction genotype x spacing for EH and GY. No significant difference was observed for line spacing. The topcross hybrids TC102- 05, TC102-06, TC102-15, TC102-16, TC102-17, TC102-21 and TC102-24 were superior in the two row spacings, combining the characters of grain yield, stature and early cycle, whose lines should be advanced in the process of endogamy.Keywords: Zea mays L., tester, partially inbred lines.

scholarly journals Assessment of Nutritive Quality of Maize (Zea mays L.) Produced and Stocked from Rural Conditions in Côte d’Ivoire

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-32
Author(s):  
Kouamé Désiré ◽  
Biego Henri Marius ◽  
Niamketchi Gilles Léonce ◽  
Konan Ysidor ◽  
Sidibé Daouda
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Laboratory Unit ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
Côte D'ivoire ◽  
Nutritive Quality ◽  
Significant Difference

Aims: Maize (Zea mays L.) is a major staple food for millions of people in Côte d’Ivoire. Due                         to its high productivity and low cost of calorie it is preferred crop for food security of the                      country. Thus, this study was conducted to assess nutritive quality of maize produced and               stocked in five purposively selected regions of Côte d’Ivoire which represents five agroecological settings. Study Design: A total of 1500 samples of maize as grains, epis and spathes were collected at rate of 500 samples by region (Gbêkê, Poro, Hambol, Indénié-Djuablin and Gontougo) and sent to the laboratory in order to analyse their nutritional quality. Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out during March 2016 to January 2017. The collected sample were carried out at the laboratory unit of Food Sciences and Biochemistry of the Félix Houphouët-Boigny University, Abidjan. Methodology: Proximate analyses were carried out using standard methods AOAC (2000). Results: The results show significant difference from the biochemical compositions of maize type and region. Mean value intervals were as follow: dry matter (85.83 – 91.42%), ash (1.19 - 2%), proteins (7.99 - 9.32), lipids (3.21 - 4.47), carbohydrates (71.80 - 77.94), starches (62.30 - 68.44%), fibers (5.03 - 5.83%), total sugars (2,13 - 2.99%), reducing sugars (0.33 - 0.66%), free fat acidity (1.86- 4.50%), peroxide value (1.34 - 3.07 meq O2/kg), iodine value (100.93 - 130.56 g I2/100 g), unsaponifiable (0.89 - 1.54%) and energy values (357.88 - 374.39 kcal). Conclusion: A significant variability from one region to another can be noticed at level of maize quality regardless the type of maize. The nutritive quality of maize seems to be tied to postharvest treatments (drying), type of storage (epis, grains and spathes) and structure of storage.

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