scholarly journals F-Box Family Genes, LTSF1 and LTSF2, Regulate Low-Temperature Stress Tolerance in Pepper (Capsicum chinense)

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1186
Author(s):  
Jelli Venkatesh ◽  
Min-Young Kang ◽  
Li Liu ◽  
Jin-Kyung Kwon ◽  
Byoung-Cheorl Kang
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Low Temperature Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Capsicum Chinense ◽  
Virus Induced Gene Silencing ◽  
Scf Complex ◽  
F Box Protein

The F-box proteins belong to a family of regulatory proteins that play key roles in the proteasomal degradation of other proteins. Plant F-box proteins are functionally diverse, and the precise roles of many such proteins in growth and development are not known. Previously, two low-temperature-sensitive F-box protein family genes (LTSF1 and LTSF2) were identified as candidates responsible for the sensitivity to low temperatures in the pepper (Capsicum chinense) cultivar ‘sy-2’. In the present study, we showed that the virus-induced gene silencing of these genes stunted plant growth and caused abnormal leaf development under low-temperature conditions, similar to what was observed in the low-temperature-sensitive ‘sy-2’ line. Protein–protein interaction analyses revealed that the LTSF1 and LTSF2 proteins interacted with S-phase kinase-associated protein 1 (SKP1), part of the Skp, Cullin, F-box-containing (SCF) complex that catalyzes the ubiquitination of proteins for degradation, suggesting a role for LTSF1 and LTSF2 in protein degradation. Furthermore, transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana plants overexpressing the pepper LTSF1 gene showed an increased tolerance to low-temperature stress and a higher expression of the genes encoding antioxidant enzymes. Taken together, these results suggest that the LTSF1 and LTSF2 F-box proteins are a functional component of the SCF complex and may positively regulate low-temperature stress tolerance by activating antioxidant-enzyme activities.

scholarly journals Towards enhanced low temperature stress tolerance in tomato : An approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 529-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.K. Meena ◽  
◽  
D.S. Khurana ◽  
Nirmaljit Kaur ◽  
Kulbir Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Low Temperature Stress

Exogenous application of 5-aminolevulinic acid improves low-temperature stress tolerance of maize seedlings

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Wang ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Wanrong Gu ◽  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Lixin Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Aminolevulinic Acid ◽  
Photosynthetic Capacity ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activity ◽  
Low Temperature Stress ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Maize Seedlings

The important plant growth regulator 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) could promote low-temperature stress tolerance of many plants; however, the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. We investigated the effects of exogenously applied ALA on seedling morphology, antioxidant enzyme activity and photosynthetic capacity of maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings under low-temperature stress. Two cultivars, low-temperature-sensitive cv. Suiyu 13 (SY13) and low-temperature-tolerant cv. Zhengdan 958 (ZD958), were subjected to four treatments: low-temperature without ALA treatment, low-temperature after ALA treatment, normal temperature without ALA treatment, and normal temperature after ALA treatment. Plant morphological growth, proline content, antioxidant enzyme activity and photosynthetic capacity were determined. ALA treatment significantly decreased the inhibitory effects of low-temperature stress on seedling dry weight and increased proline accumulation under low temperatures in ZD958. Pre-application of ALA significantly improved superoxide dismutase and catalase activities in SY13 under low-temperature stress. Furthermore, treating maize seedlings with ALA resulted in significant enhancement of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) carboxylase activity under low-temperature stress in both cultivars. Pre-treatment with ALA relieved the damage caused by low-temperature stress to maize seedlings, particularly in the low-temperature-sensitive cultivar. Therefore, ALA at appropriate concentrations may be used to prevent reductions in maize crop yield due to low-temperature stress.

scholarly journals Thermal Stresses in Maize: Effects and Management Strategies

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 293
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ahmed Waqas ◽  
Xiukang Wang ◽  
Syed Adeel Zafar ◽  
Mehmood Ali Noor ◽  
Hafiz Athar Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Genome Editing ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Germplasm Exchange ◽  
Maize Productivity

Climate change can decrease the global maize productivity and grain quality. Maize crop requires an optimal temperature for better harvest productivity. A suboptimal temperature at any critical stage for a prolonged duration can negatively affect the growth and yield formation processes. This review discusses the negative impact of temperature extremes (high and low temperatures) on the morpho-physiological, biochemical, and nutritional traits of the maize crop. High temperature stress limits pollen viability and silks receptivity, leading to a significant reduction in seed setting and grain yield. Likewise, severe alterations in growth rate, photosynthesis, dry matter accumulation, cellular membranes, and antioxidant enzyme activities under low temperature collectively limit maize productivity. We also discussed various strategies with practical examples to cope with temperature stresses, including cultural practices, exogenous protectants, breeding climate-smart crops, and molecular genomics approaches. We reviewed that identified quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and genes controlling high- and low temperature stress tolerance in maize could be introgressed into otherwise elite cultivars to develop stress-tolerant cultivars. Genome editing has become a key tool for developing climate-resilient crops. Moreover, challenges to maize crop improvement such as lack of adequate resources for breeding in poor countries, poor communication among the scientists of developing and developed countries, problems in germplasm exchange, and high cost of advanced high-throughput phenotyping systems are discussed. In the end, future perspectives for maize improvement are discussed, which briefly include new breeding technologies such as transgene-free clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated (Cas)-mediated genome editing for thermo-stress tolerance in maize.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Association Mapping Unravels the Genetic Control of Seed Vigor under Low-Temperature Conditions in Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 426
Author(s):  
Tao Luo ◽  
Yuting Zhang ◽  
Chunni Zhang ◽  
Matthew N. Nelson ◽  
Jinzhan Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Low Temperature Stress ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Temperature Conditions ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Tolerance Indices

Low temperature inhibits rapid germination and successful seedling establishment of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), leading to significant productivity losses. Little is known about the genetic diversity for seed vigor under low-temperature conditions in rapeseed, which motivated our investigation of 13 seed germination- and emergence-related traits under normal and low-temperature conditions for 442 diverse rapeseed accessions. The stress tolerance index was calculated for each trait based on performance under non-stress and low-temperature stress conditions. Principal component analysis of the low-temperature stress tolerance indices identified five principal components that captured 100% of the seedling response to low temperature. A genome-wide association study using ~8 million SNP (single-nucleotide polymorphism) markers identified from genome resequencing was undertaken to uncover the genetic basis of seed vigor related traits in rapeseed. We detected 22 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) significantly associated with stress tolerance indices regarding seed vigor under low-temperature stress. Scrutiny of the genes in these QTL regions identified 62 candidate genes related to specific stress tolerance indices of seed vigor, and the majority were involved in DNA repair, RNA translation, mitochondrial activation and energy generation, ubiquitination and degradation of protein reserve, antioxidant system, and plant hormone and signal transduction. The high effect variation and haplotype-based effect of these candidate genes were evaluated, and high priority could be given to the candidate genes BnaA03g40290D, BnaA06g07530D, BnaA09g06240D, BnaA09g06250D, and BnaC02g10720D in further study. These findings should be useful for marker-assisted breeding and genomic selection of rapeseed to increase seed vigor under low-temperature stress.

scholarly journals Genetics and Breeding of Low-Temperature Stress Tolerance in Rice

2021 ◽  
pp. 221-280
Author(s):  
Sofi Najeeb ◽  
Anumalla Mahender ◽  
Annamalai Anandan ◽  
Waseem Hussain ◽  
Zhikang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Low Temperature Stress ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Mapping Populations

AbstractLow-temperature stress (LTS) is one of the major abiotic stresses that affect crop growth and ultimately decrease grain yield. The development of rice varieties with low-temperature stress tolerance has been a severe challenge for rice breeders for a long time. The lack of consistency of the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) governing LTS tolerance for any given growth stage over different genetic backgrounds of mapping populations under different low-temperature stress conditions remains a crucial barrier for adopting marker-assisted selection (MAS). In this review, we discuss the ideal location and phenotyping for agromorphological and physiological parameters as indicators for LTS tolerance and also the traits associated with QTLs that were identified from biparental mapping populations and diverse rice accessions. We highlight the progress made in the fields of genome editing, genetic transformation, transcriptomics, and metabolomics to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of cold tolerance in rice. The stage-specific QTLs and candidate genes for LTS tolerance brought out valuable information toward identifying and improving LTS tolerance in rice varieties. We showed 578 QTLs and 38 functionally characterized genes involved in LTS tolerance. Among these, 29 QTLs were found to be colocalized at different growth stages of rice. The combination of stage-specific QTLs and genes from biparental mapping populations and genome-wide association studies provide potential information for developing LTS-tolerant rice varieties. The identified colocalized stage-specific LTS-tolerance QTLs will be useful for MAS and QTL pyramiding and for accelerating mapping and cloning of the possible candidate genes, revealing the underlying LTS-tolerance mechanisms in rice.

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