scholarly journals Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera) Larval Hemolymph in Response to Autographa californica Nucleopolyhedrovirus in Differentially Resistant Strains

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1401
Author(s):  
Xin-yi Ding ◽  
Xue-yang Wang ◽  
Yun-hui Kong ◽  
Chun-xiao Zhao ◽  
Sheng Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infection ◽  
Bombyx Mori ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Autographa Californica ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Viral Gene ◽  
Apoptosis Pathway ◽  
Larval Hemolymph ◽  
Autographa Californica Nucleopolyhedrovirus ◽  
Resistant Strains

Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) is a kind of pathogen that causes huge economic losses to silkworm production. Although Autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) and BmNPV are both baculoviruses, the host domains of these two viruses have almost no intersection in nature. Recently, it has been found that some silkworms could be infected by recombinant AcMNPV through a puncture, which provided valuable material for studying the infection mechanism of baculovirus to silkworm. In this study, comparative transcriptomics was used to analyse the hemolymph of two differentially resistant strains following AcMNPV inoculation. There were 678 DEGs in p50 and 515 DEGs in C108 following viral infection. Among them, the upregulation and downregulation of DEGs were similar in p50; however, the upregulated DEGs were nearly twice as numerous as the downregulated DEGs in C108. The DEGs in different resistant strains differed by GO enrichment. Based on KEGG enrichment, DEGs were mainly enriched in metabolic pathways in p50 and the apoptosis pathway in C108. Moreover, 13 genes involved in metabolic pathways and 11 genes involved in the apoptosis pathway were analysed. Among the DEGs involved in apoptosis, the function of BmTex261 in viral infection was analysed. The BmTex261 showed the highest expression in hemolymph and a significant response to viral infection in the hemolymph of C108, indicating that it is involved in anti-AcMNPV infection. This was further validated by the significantly decreased expression of viral gene lef3 after overexpression of BmTex261 in BmN cells. The results provide a theoretical reference for the molecular mechanism of resistance to BmNPV in silkworms.

scholarly journals Functional Regulation of an Autographa californica Nucleopolyhedrovirus-Encoded MicroRNA, AcMNPV-miR-1, in Baculovirus Replication

2016 ◽  
Vol 90 (14) ◽  
pp. 6526-6537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengxiao Zhu ◽  
Jinwen Wang ◽  
Riqiang Deng ◽  
Xunzhang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Trichoplusia Ni ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Autographa Californica ◽  
Viral Gene ◽  
Virus Infectivity ◽  
Interacting Proteins ◽  
Larval Infection ◽  
Autographa Californica Nucleopolyhedrovirus

ABSTRACTAn Autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus-encoded microRNA (miRNA), AcMNPV-miR-1, downregulates theac94gene, reducing the production of infectious budded virions and accelerating the formation of occlusion-derived virions. In the current study, four viruses that constitutively overexpress AcMNPV-miR-1 were constructed to further explore the function of the miRNA. In addition to theac94gene, two new viral gene targets (ac18andac95) of AcMNPV-miR-1 were identified, and the possible interacting proteins were verified and tested. In the context of AcMNPV-miR-1 overexpression,ac18was slightly upregulated, andac95was downregulated. Several interacting proteins were identified, and a functional pathway for AcMNPV-miR-1 was deduced. AcMNPV-miR-1 overexpression decreased budded virus infectivity, reduced viral DNA replication, accelerated polyhedron formation, and promoted viral infection efficiency inTrichoplusia nilarvae, suggesting that AcMNPV-miR-1 restrains virus infection of cells but facilitates virus infection of larvae.IMPORTANCERecently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been widely reported as moderators or regulators of mammalian cellular processes, especially disease-related pathways in humans. However, the roles played by miRNAs encoded by baculoviruses, which infect numerous beneficial insects and agricultural pests, have rarely been described. To explore the actions of virus-encoded miRNAs, we investigated an miRNA encoded by Autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV-miR-1). We previously identified this miRNA through the exogenous addition of AcMNPV-miR-1 mimics. In the current study, we constitutively overexpressed AcMNPV-miR-1 and analyzed the resultant effects to more comprehensively assess what is indeed the function of this miRNA during viral infection. In addition, we widely explored the target genes for the miRNA in the viral and host genomes and proposed a possible functional network for AcMNPV-miR-1, which provides a better general understanding of virus-encoded miRNAs. In brief, our study implied that AcMNPV-miR-1 constrains viral replication and cellular infection but enhances larval infection.

scholarly journals A MicroRNA Encoded by Autographa californica Nucleopolyhedrovirus Regulates Expression of Viral Gene ODV-E25

2013 ◽  
Vol 87 (23) ◽  
pp. 13029-13034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengxiao Zhu ◽  
Jinwen Wang ◽  
Riqiang Deng ◽  
Peiwen Xiong ◽  
Hai Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Bombyx Mori ◽  
Autographa Californica ◽  
Viral Gene ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Coding Sequence ◽  
Autographa Californica Nucleopolyhedrovirus ◽  
Identification And Characterization

Baculovirus-encoded microRNAs (miRNAs) have been described inBombyx morinucleopolyhedrovirus; however, most of their functions remain unclear. Here we report the identification and characterization of an miRNA encoded byAutographa californicanucleopolyhedrovirus. The identified miRNA, AcMNPV-miR-1, perfectly matched a segment in the coding sequence of the viral gene ODV-E25 and downregulated ODV-E25 mRNA expression, which likely resulted in a reduction of infectious budded virions and accelerated the formation of occlusion-derived virions.

scholarly journals Comparative Studies of Lepidopteran Baculovirus-Specific Protein FP25K: Development of a Novel Bombyx mori Nucleopolyhedrovirus-Based Vector with a Modified fp25K Gene

2010 ◽  
Vol 84 (10) ◽  
pp. 5191-5200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadashi Nakanishi ◽  
Chie Goto ◽  
Michihiro Kobayashi ◽  
WonKyung Kang ◽  
Takehiro Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bombyx Mori ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Specific Protein ◽  
Autographa Californica ◽  
Foreign Gene ◽  
Group I ◽  
Larval Hemolymph ◽  
Occlusion Bodies ◽  
The Common ◽  
Bmn Cells

ABSTRACT Lepidopteran baculovirus-specific protein FP25K performs many roles during the infection cycle, including functions in the production of occlusion bodies (OBs) and budded viruses (BVs), oral infection, and postmortem host degradation. To explore the common and specific functions of FP25K proteins among lepidopteran baculoviruses, we performed comparative analyses of FP25K proteins from group I and group II nucleopolyhedroviruses (NPVs) and granulovirus (GV). Using recombinant Bombyx mori NPVs (BmNPVs), we showed that the FP25Ks from NPVs were able to eliminate all the phenotypic defects observed in an infection with a BmNPV mutant lacking functional fp25K but that FP25K from GV did not show abilities to recover oral infectivity and postmortem host degradation. We also observed that introduction of Autographa californica multiple NPV (AcMNPV) fp25K into the BmNPV genome enhanced OB and BV production. According to these results, we generated a novel BmNPV-based expression vector with AcMNPV fp25K and examined its potential in BmN cells and B. mori larvae. Our results showed that the introduction of AcMNPV fp25K significantly increases the expression of foreign gene products in cultured cells and shortens the time for obtaining the secreted recombinant proteins from larval hemolymph.

scholarly journals Characterization of protein–protein interaction domains within the baculovirus Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus late expression factor LEF-3

2013 ◽  
Vol 94 (11) ◽  
pp. 2530-2535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelsey Downie ◽  
Gbolagade Adetola ◽  
Eric B. Carstens
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Yellow Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Viral Gene Expression ◽  
Autographa Californica ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Viral Gene ◽  
Protein Protein Interaction ◽  
Autographa Californica Nucleopolyhedrovirus ◽  
Protein Complementation ◽  
Late Expression

Autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus late expression factor 3 (LEF-3) is required for late viral gene expression probably through its numerous functions related to DNA replication, including nuclear localization of the virus helicase P143 and binding to ssDNA. LEF-3 appears to interact with itself as a homo-oligomer, although the details of this oligomeric structure are not yet known. To examine LEF-3–LEF-3 interactions, a bimolecular fluorescent protein complementation assay was used. Pairs of recombinant plasmids expressing full-length LEF-3 fused to one of two complementary fragments (V1 or V2) of a variant of yellow fluorescent protein named ‘Venus’ were constructed. Plasmids expressing fusions with complementary fragments of Venus were co-transfected into Sf21 cells and analysed by fluorescence microscopy. Co-transfected plasmids expressing full-length V1–LEF-3 and V2–LEF-3 showed positive fluorescence, confirming the formation of homo-oligomers. A series of truncated V1/V2–LEF-3 fusions was constructed and used to investigate interactions with one another as well as with full-length LEF-3.

scholarly journals A Functional F Analogue of Autographa californica Nucleopolyhedrovirus GP64 from the Agrotis segetum Granulovirus

2008 ◽  
Vol 82 (17) ◽  
pp. 8922-8926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feifei Yin ◽  
Manli Wang ◽  
Ying Tan ◽  
Fei Deng ◽  
Just M. Vlak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusion Protein ◽  
Membrane Fusion ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Syncytium Formation ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Autographa Californica ◽  
Agrotis Segetum ◽  
Induced Membrane ◽  
F Protein ◽  
Autographa Californica Nucleopolyhedrovirus

ABSTRACT The envelope fusion protein F of Plutella xylostella granulovirus is a computational analogue of the GP64 envelope fusion protein of Autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV). Granulovirus (GV) F proteins were thought to be unable to functionally replace GP64 in the AcMNPV pseudotyping system. In the present study the F protein of Agrotis segetum GV (AgseGV) was identified experimentally as the first functional GP64 analogue from GVs. AgseF can rescue virion propagation and infectivity of gp64-null AcMNPV. The AgseF-pseudotyped AcMNPV also induced syncytium formation as a consequence of low-pH-induced membrane fusion.

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