scholarly journals Quark Number Susceptibilities and Equation of State in QCD at Finite μB

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Saumen Datta ◽  
Rajiv Gavai ◽  
Sourendu Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Equation Of State ◽  
Taylor Series ◽  
Chemical Potential ◽  
Baryon Number ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider ◽  
Quark Number ◽  
Monte Carlo Studies ◽  
Essential Input ◽  
Beam Energy Scan

One of the main goals of the cold baryonic matter (CBM) experiment at FAIR is to explore the phases of strongly interacting matter at finite temperature and baryon chemical potential μ B . The equation of state of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) at μ B > 0 is an essential input for the CBM experiment, as well as for the beam energy scan in the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider(RHIC) experiment. Unfortunately, it is highly nontrivial to calculate the equation of state directly from QCD: numerical Monte Carlo studies on lattice are not useful at finite μ B . Using the method of Taylor expansion in chemical potential, we estimate the equation of state, namely the baryon number density and its contribution to the pressure, for two-flavor QCD at moderate μ B . We also study the quark number susceptibilities. We examine the technicalities associated with summing the Taylor series, and explore a Pade resummation. An examination of the Taylor series can be used to get an estimate of the location of the critical point in μ B , T plane.

scholarly journals Equation of State and Freezeout in QCD with Staggered Quarks

2018 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 07035
Author(s):  
Saumen Datta ◽  
R. V. Gavai ◽  
Sourendu Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Equation Of State ◽  
Taylor Expansion ◽  
Chemical Potential ◽  
Baryon Number ◽  
Number Density ◽  
Statistical Errors

We report the equation of state at finite chemical potential, namely the baryon number density and the baryonic contribution to the pressure, using a resummation of the Taylor expansion. We also report the freezeout conditions for a measure of fluctuations. We examine the major sources of systematic and statistical errors in all of these measurements.

Strange particle effective temperatures in relativistic nuclear collisions

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (02) ◽  
pp. 2050009
Author(s):  
Oana Ristea ◽  
Catalin Ristea ◽  
Alexandru Jipa
Keyword(s):  
Energy Dependence ◽  
Sudden Change ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Strange Particle ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider ◽  
Nuclear Collisions ◽  
Effective Temperatures ◽  
Relativistic Nuclear Collisions ◽  
Onset Of Deconfinement ◽  
Beam Energy Scan

The energy dependence of the effective temperatures of charged kaons, [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] produced in Au[Formula: see text]Au collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) Beam Energy Scan (BES) energies are presented. At energies around [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]GeV, there is a sudden change in the energy dependence of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] effective temperatures, while at higher energies a slower, continuous rise up to [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]TeV is observed. This behavior is similar with previous SPS results and could indicate the onset of deconfinement in this energy range. The [Formula: see text] effective temperatures increase with energy and no plateau-like behavior is evidenced by the data.

EVIDENCE FOR A QUARK-GLUON PLASMA AT RHIC

2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (03) ◽  
pp. 643-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN W. HARRIS
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Potential ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Gluon Plasma ◽  
Heavy Nuclei ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider ◽  
Heavy Ion Physics ◽  
Strongly Coupled ◽  
Hadron Phase ◽  
B Hadrons ◽  
Quark Level

This presentation is given in honor of Walter Greiner's 70th birthday, in recognition of the pioneering work of his "Frankfurt School" and their contributions to the field of heavy ion physics. Ultra-relativistic collisions of heavy nuclei at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) form an extremely hot system at energy densities greater than 5 GeV/fm3, where normal hadrons cannot exist. Upon rapid cooling of the system to a temperature T ~ 175 MeV and vanishingly small baryo-chemical potential, hadrons coalesce from quarks at the quark-hadron phase boundary predicted by lattice QCD. A large amount of collective (elliptic) flow at the quark level provides evidence for strong pressure gradients in the initial partonic stage of the collision when the system is dense and highly interacting prior to coalescence into hadrons. The suppression of both light (u,d,s) and heavy (c,b) hadrons at large transverse momenta, that form from fragmentation of hard-scattered partons, and the quenching of di-jets provide evidence for extremely large energy loss of partons as they attempt to propagate through the dense, strongly-coupled, colored medium created at RHIC.

scholarly journals From Heavy-Ion Collisions to Compact Stars: Equation of State and Relevance of the System Size

Universe ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvain Mogliacci ◽  
Isobel Kolbé ◽  
W. Horowitz
Keyword(s):  
Equation Of State ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Compact Star ◽  
Relativistic Quantum ◽  
Finite Size ◽  
Baryon Number ◽  
System Size ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Compact Stars ◽  
Heavy Ion Physics

In this article, we start by presenting state-of-the-art methods allowing us to compute moments related to the globally conserved baryon number, by means of first principle resummed perturbative frameworks. We focus on such quantities for they convey important properties of the finite temperature and density equation of state, being particularly sensitive to changes in the degrees of freedom across the quark-hadron phase transition. We thus present various number susceptibilities along with the corresponding results as obtained by lattice quantum chromodynamics collaborations, and comment on their comparison. Next, omitting the importance of coupling corrections and considering a zero-density toy model for the sake of argument, we focus on corrections due to the small size of heavy-ion collision systems, by means of spatial compactifications. Briefly motivating the relevance of finite size effects in heavy-ion physics, in opposition to the compact star physics, we present a few preliminary thermodynamic results together with the speed of sound for certain finite size relativistic quantum systems at very high temperature.

scholarly journals Centrality Dependence of Chemical Freeze-Out Parameters and Strangeness Equilibration in RHIC and LHC Energies

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Deeptak Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Strange Particle ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Central Collisions ◽  
Chemical Potentials ◽  
Beam Energy Scan ◽  
Chemical Freeze ◽  
Freeze Out

We have estimated centrality variation of chemical freeze-out parameters from yield data at midrapidity of π ± , K ± and p , p ¯ for collision energies of RHIC (Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider), Beam Energy Scan (RHIC-BES) program, and LHC (Large Hadron Collider). We have considered a simple hadron resonance gas model and employed a formalism involving conserved charges ( B , Q , S ) of QCD for parameterization. Along with temperature and three chemical potentials ( T , μ B , μ Q , μ S ), a strangeness undersaturation factor ( γ S ) has been used to incorporate the partial equilibration in the strange sector. Our obtained freeze-out temperature does not vary much with centrality, whereas chemical potentials and γ S seem to have a significant dependence. The strange hadrons are found to deviate from a complete chemical equilibrium at freeze-out at the peripheral collisions. This deviation appears to be more prominent as the collision energy decreases at lower RHIC-BES energies. We have also shown that this departure from equilibrium reduces towards central collisions, and strange particle equilibration may happen after a threshold number of participants in A - A collision.

scholarly journals A Study of the Properties of the QCD Phase Diagram in High-Energy Nuclear Collisions

Particles ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 278-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofeng Luo ◽  
Shusu Shi ◽  
Nu Xu ◽  
Yifei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Baryon Density ◽  
Heavy Flavor ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider ◽  
Density Region ◽  
Nuclear Collisions ◽  
Qcd Phase Diagram ◽  
Beam Energy Scan ◽  
Ion Collision

With the aim of understanding the phase structure of nuclear matter created in high-energy nuclear collisions at finite baryon density, a beam energy scan program has been carried out at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). In this mini-review, most recent experimental results on collectivity, criticality and heavy flavor productions will be discussed. The goal here is to establish the connection between current available data and future heavy-ion collision experiments in a high baryon density region.

scholarly journals 2+1 flavors QCD equation of state at zero temperature within Dyson–Schwinger equations

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (36) ◽  
pp. 1550217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-Sheng Xu ◽  
Yan Yan ◽  
Zhu-Fang Cui ◽  
Hong-Shi Zong
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Equation Of State ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Chemical Potential ◽  
Compact Stars ◽  
Zero Temperature ◽  
Number Density ◽  
Charge Neutrality ◽  
Quark Number ◽  
Research Fields

Within the framework of Dyson–Schwinger equations (DSEs), we discuss the equation of state (EOS) and quark number densities of 2+1 flavors, that is to say, [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] quarks. The chemical equilibrium and electric charge neutrality conditions are used to constrain the chemical potential of different quarks. The EOS in the cases of 2 flavors and 2+1 flavors are discussed, and the quark number densities, the pressure, and energy density per baryon are also studied. The results show that there is a critical chemical potential for each flavor of quark, at which the quark number density turns to nonzero from 0; and furthermore, the system with 2+1 flavors of quarks is more stable than that with 2 flavors in the system. These discussions may provide some useful information to some research fields, such as the studies related to the QCD phase transitions or compact stars.

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