scholarly journals 3D Multi-Material Printing of an Anthropomorphic, Personalized Replacement Hand for Use in Neuroprosthetics Using 3D Scanning and Computer-Aided Design: First Proof-of-Technical-Concept Study

Prosthesis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 362-370
Author(s):  
Jana Baron ◽  
Simon Hazubski ◽  
Andreas Otte
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Concept Study ◽  
Hand Model ◽  
Flexible Material ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Flexible Part ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Material Printing ◽  
Aided Design

Background: This paper presents a novel approach for a hand prosthesis consisting of a flexible, anthropomorphic, 3D-printed replacement hand combined with a commercially available motorized orthosis that allows gripping. Methods: A 3D light scanner was used to produce a personalized replacement hand. The wrist of the replacement hand was printed of rigid material; the rest of the hand was printed of flexible material. A standard arm liner was used to enable the user’s arm stump to be connected to the replacement hand. With computer-aided design, two different concepts were developed for the scanned hand model: In the first concept, the replacement hand was attached to the arm liner with a screw. The second concept involved attaching with a commercially available fastening system; furthermore, a skeleton was designed that was located within the flexible part of the replacement hand. Results: 3D-multi-material printing of the two different hands was unproblematic and inexpensive. The printed hands had approximately the weight of the real hand. When testing the replacement hands with the orthosis it was possible to prove a convincing everyday functionality. For example, it was possible to grip and lift a 1-L water bottle. In addition, a pen could be held, making writing possible. Conclusions: This first proof-of-concept study encourages further testing with users.

scholarly journals The computer-aided design and rapid prototyping fabrication of removable partial denture framework for occlusal rehabilitation: clinical report

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. e9891210692
Author(s):  
Adriana da Fonte Porto Carreiro ◽  
Ana Larisse Carneiro Pereira ◽  
Camila Oliveira Paz ◽  
Rachel Gomes Cardoso ◽  
Clebya Rosália Pereira Medeiros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Clinical Report ◽  
Chromium Alloy ◽  
Cobalt Chromium ◽  
Intraoral Scanning ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Aided Design

The objective of this case report was to describe the clinical sequence for occlusal vertical dimension (OVD) recovering with the manufacture of removable partial dentures (RPD) produced by computer-aided design and rapid prototyping. The patient presented to the Dentistry Department of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte reporting dissatisfaction with the superior RPD. At clinical investigation, a fracture in the minor connector and support at the region of tooth 15 was observed, in addition to severe OVD loss. In this case, after obtaining correct OVD, four more sessions were necessary for RPD fabrication. In the first appointment, intraoral scanning was performed to generate STL files used for path of insertion determination in the CAD software. The need for a guide plane on tooth 15 was observed, thus a preparation guide was designed and 3Dprinted to aid axial tooth reduction. At the second visit, after mouth preparation, another intraoral scanning was performed to acquire virtual working models. The RPD framework was designed and 3D printed in a castable resin pattern and invested for cobalt-chromium alloy melting. In the third visit, clinical evaluation of the framework and teeth and artificial gingiva colors selection were performed. The articulated models were then 3D printed, enabling pre-fabricated teeth to be assembled and acrylized. On the fourth appointment, RPD was installed and the patient received routine instructions. In this sense, the use of CAD/CAM technologies presented as a valuable tool to enhance restoration of OVD by the manufacturing of RPD.

Marginal Integrity, Internal Adaptation and Compressive Strength of 3D Printed, Computer Aided Design and Computer Aided Manufacture and Conventional Interim Fixed Partial Dentures

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1745-1750
Author(s):  
Laila Al Deeb ◽  
Khold Al Ahdal ◽  
Ghaith Alotaibi ◽  
Abdullah Alshehri ◽  
Bader Alotaibi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Outer Edge ◽  
Marginal Fit ◽  
Marginal Integrity ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Internal Adaptation ◽  
Aided Design

The aim was to investigate the marginal fit, internal adaptation and compressive strength of SLA provisionals (SLA) in comparison to CAD-CAM and conventional (CONV) interim fixed partial dentures (FPDs). Thirty interim FPDs were fabricated using CAD-CAM technology (CAD-CAM blocks Ceramill TEMP, PMMA), conventional molding technique (CONV) (TrimPlus, PMMA) and Stereolithography (SLA) method (Form 2, Formlabs, PMMA) (n = 10). Internal adaptation (occlusal, coronal, middle and cervical) and marginal integrity (inner and outer edge) was assessed using micro-computerized tomography (Micro-CT). The failure and compressive strength was assessed by application of a static load at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min until fracture. Data was analysed using ANOVA and multiple comparisons test. The maximum and minimum marginal mis-fit was for CONV (283.3± 98.6 nm) and CAD-CAM (68.2± 18.1 m) groups. CAD-CAM (68.2± 18.1 m) and SLA (84.7± 27.5 m) provisionals showed comparable marginal mis-fit (p > 0.05). The mean failure load was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in CAD-CAM (687.86± 46.72 N), compared to SLA (534.8± 46.1 N) and CONV (492.7± 61.8 N) samples. Compressive strength for CAD-CAM (2.44± 0.27 MPa) samples was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than SLA (1.80± 0.15 MPa) and CONV (1.65± 0.20 MPa) groups. Marginal fit and internal adaptation of SLA printed FPDs was comparable to CAD-CAM interims. Compressive strength of the SLA interims FPDs can withstand intra-oral loads.

scholarly journals Effect of Fabrication Method on Fracture Strength of Provisional Implant-Supported Fixed Dental Prostheses

Prosthesis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-332
Author(s):  
Kelly M. Suralik ◽  
Jie Sun ◽  
Chia-Yu Chen ◽  
Sang J. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Fracture Force ◽  
Fixed Dental Prosthesis ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
3D Printers ◽  
Fixed Dental Prostheses ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Post Hoc

There has been an increase in utilizing 3D printers in dental restorations. The purpose of the study is to compare mechanical properties of 3D-printed prostheses to those of self-cured and/or computer-aided design-computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) restorations. A metal master typodont was prepared for the mandibular left sextant with implant analogs embedded at the first premolar and first molar positions with a missing second premolar. Three-unit provisional fixed dental prosthesis (FDP) was designed utilizing the 3Shape tooth library and forty-five uniform specimens were fabricated with different materials: self-cured poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) (N = 15), milled PMMA CAD-CAM blocks (N = 15) and 3D-printed resin (N = 15). All specimens were tested using an Instron machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min by an axial load on the occlusal surface of the second premolar pontic site. Statistical analysis was completed with Shapiro-Wilk, ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc tests. Mean fracture force was 300.61 N, 294.64 N and 408.49 N for self-cured PMMA, milled PMMA and 3D-printed resin, respectively. Mean force at FDP fracture of 3D-printed resin was significantly greater than the mean fracture force of either self-cured (p = 0.016, 95% CI [17.86, 197.91]) or milled (p = 0.010, 95% CI [23.83, 203.88]) PMMA.

scholarly journals 3D Printing beyond Dentistry during COVID 19 Epidemic: A Technical Note for Producing Connectors to Breathing Devices

Prosthesis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Cavallo ◽  
Antonia Marcianò ◽  
Marco Cicciù ◽  
Giacomo Oteri
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
Digital Workflow ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
3D Printers ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Dental Professional ◽  
Respiratory Devices ◽  
Aided Design

(1) Background: To mitigate the shortage of respiratory devices during the Covid-19 epidemic, dental professional volunteers can contribute to create printed plastic valves, adapting the dental digital workflow and converting snorkeling masks in emergency CPAP (continuous positive airways pressure) devices. The objective of this report was to provide the specific settings to optimize printing with the 3D printers of the dental industry. (2) Methods: In order to provide comprehensive technical notes to volunteer dental professionals interested in printing Charlotte and Dave connectors to breathing devices, the entire digital workflow is reported. (3) Results: The present paper introduces an alternative use of the dental Computer Aided Design/Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) machinery, and reports on the fabrication of a 3D printed connection prototypes suitable for connection to face masks, thereby demonstrating the feasibility of this application. (4) Conclusions: This call for action was addressed to dentists and dental laboratories who are willing to making available their experience, facilities and machinery for the benefit of patients, even way beyond dentistry.

scholarly journals Conceptualization of a Sensory Feedback System in an Anthropomorphic Replacement Hand

Prosthesis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-427
Author(s):  
Simon Hazubski ◽  
Derya Bamerni ◽  
Andreas Otte
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Sensory Feedback ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Feedback System ◽  
3D Scanner ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Printing Techniques

(1) Background: This paper presents a conceptual design for an anthropomorphic replacement hand made of silicone that integrates a sensory feedback system. In combination with a motorized orthosis, it allows performing movements and registering information on the flexion and the pressure of the fingers. (2) Methods: To create the replacement hand, a three-dimensional (3D) scanner was used to scan the hand of the test person. With computer-aided design (CAD), a mold was created from the hand, then 3D-printed. Bending and force sensors were attached to the mold before silicone casting to implement the sensory feedback system. To achieve a functional and anthropomorphic appearance of the replacement hand, a material analysis was carried out. In two different test series, the properties of the used silicones were analyzed regarding their mechanical properties and the manufacturing process. (3) Results: Individual fingers and an entire hand with integrated sensors were realized, which demonstrated in several tests that sensory feedback in such an anthropomorphic replacement hand can be realized. Nevertheless, the choice of silicone material remains an open challenge, as there is a trade-off between the hardness of the material and the maximum mechanical force of the orthosis. (4) Conclusion: Apart from manufacturing-related issues, it is possible to cost-effectively create a personalized, anthropomorphic replacement hand, including sensory feedback, by using 3D scanning and 3D printing techniques.

scholarly journals A Novel 3D-Printed Device for Precise Percutaneous Placement of Cannulated Compression Screws in Human Femoral Neck Fractures

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Cheng Long ◽  
Jin-hai Liu ◽  
Xiang-ping Chai ◽  
Xiang-feng Liu ◽  
Zhi-xi Duan
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Proximal Femur ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Femoral Neck Fractures ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Guide Plate ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Aided Design

Background. The aim of this study was to investigate the application of computer-aided design and 3D printing technology for percutaneous fixation of femoral neck fractures using cannulated compression screws. Methods. Using computed tomography data, an individualized proximal femur model was created with a 3D printer. The reduction of the femoral neck fracture and the placement of the cannulated compression screws were simulated on a computer. A 3D printing guide plate was designed to match the proximal femur. After demonstrating the feasibility of the 3D model before the surgical procedure, the guide needles and cannulated compression screws were inserted with the aid of the 3D-printed guide plate. Results. During the procedure, the 3D-printed guide plate for each patient matched the bone markers of the proximal femur. With the aid of the 3D-printed guide plate, three cannulated compression screws were accurately inserted into the femoral neck to treat femoral neck fractures. After screw placement, intraoperative X-ray examination showed results that were consistent with the preoperative design. The time taken to complete the procedure in the guide plate group was 35.3 ± 2.1   min , the intraoperative blood loss was 6.3 ± 2.8   mL , and X-ray fluoroscopy was only performed 9.1 ± 3.5 times. Postoperative radiographs showed adequate reduction of the femoral neck fractures. The entry point, entry direction, and length of the three cannulated compression screws were consistent with the preoperative design, and the screws did not penetrate the bone cortex. Conclusion. Using computer-aided design and 3D printing technology, personalized and accurate placement of cannulated compression screws can be realized for the treatment of femoral neck fractures. This technique can shorten the time required for the procedure and reduce damage to the femoral neck cortex, intraoperative bleeding, and the exposure of patients and healthcare staff to radiation.

Virtual Simulation and Experimental Verification for 3D-printed Robot Manipulators

Robotica ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Jonqlan Lin ◽  
Kuan-Chung Lai
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Joint Space ◽  
Virtual Simulation ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Simulated Motion ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
The Given

SUMMARY The objective of this work is to construct a robot that is based on 3D printing to meet the low-cost and light structures. The Computer-aided-design model is used with LabVIEW to simulate the given trajectory. Users of the simulation of such methodology can preview the simulated motion and perceive and resolve discrepancies between the planned and simulated paths prior to execution of a task. The advantages of this study are the lack of need to mount extra sensors on realistic robot to measure joint space coordinates, simplifying the hardware. These outcomes can also be used in an undergraduate robotics course.

A Sensitivity Approach for Eliminating Clashes From Computer Aided Design Model Assemblies

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Shaheer Zubairi ◽  
Trevor T. Robinson ◽  
Cecil G. Armstrong ◽  
Danielle S. Soban
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Optimum Combination ◽  
Substantial Cost ◽  
Manufacture Product ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Product Function ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Sensitivity Approach ◽  
Model Assemblies ◽  
Aided Design

Clashes occur when components in an assembly unintentionally violate others. If clashes are not identified and designed out before manufacture, product function will be reduced or substantial cost will be incurred in rework. This paper introduces a novel approach for eliminating clashes by identifying which parameters defining the part features in a computer aided design (CAD) assembly need to change and by how much. Sensitivities are calculated for each parameter defining the part and the assembly as the change in clash volume due to a change in each parameter value. These sensitivities give an indication of important parameters and are used to predict the optimum combination of changes in each parameter to eliminate the clash. Consideration is given to the fact that it is sometimes preferable to modify some components in an assembly rather than others and that some components in an assembly cannot be modified as the designer does not have control over their shape. Successful elimination of clashes has been demonstrated in a number of example assemblies.

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