scholarly journals Identification of Protein Biomarker Signatures for Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Using Both Nontargeted and Targeted Approaches

Proteomes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Paul Dowling ◽  
Ciara Tierney ◽  
Katie Dunphy ◽  
Juho J. Miettinen ◽  
Caroline A. Heckman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Patient Management ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Biological Mechanisms ◽  
Blast Cells ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is characterized by an increasing number of clonal myeloid blast cells which are incapable of differentiating into mature leukocytes. AML risk stratification is based on genetic background, which also serves as a means to identify the optimal treatment of individual patients. However, constant refinements are needed, and the inclusion of significant measurements, based on the various omics approaches that are currently available to researchers/clinicians, have the potential to increase overall accuracy with respect to patient management. Using both nontargeted (label-free mass spectrometry) and targeted (multiplex immunoassays) proteomics, a range of proteins were found to be significantly changed in AML patients with different genetic backgrounds. The inclusion of validated proteomic biomarker panels could be an important factor in the prognostic classification of AML patients. The ability to measure both cellular and secreted analytes, at diagnosis and during the course of treatment, has advantages in identifying transforming biological mechanisms in patients, assisting important clinical management decisions.

scholarly journals Human-level recognition of blast cells in acute myeloid leukemia with convolutional neural networks

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Matek ◽  
Simone Schwarz ◽  
Karsten Spiekermann ◽  
Carsten Marr
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Hematologic Malignancies ◽  
Malignant Cell ◽  
Morphological Examination ◽  
Blast Cells ◽  
Acute Myeloid

AbstractReliable recognition of malignant white blood cells is a key step in the diagnosis of hematologic malignancies such as Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Microscopic morphological examination of blood cells is usually performed by trained human examiners, making the process tedious, time-consuming and hard to standardise.We compile an annotated image dataset of over 18,000 white blood cells, use it to train a convolutional neural network for leukocyte classification, and evaluate the network’s performance. The network classifies the most important cell types with high accuracy. It also allows us to decide two clinically relevant questions with human-level performance, namely (i) if a given cell has blast character, and (ii) if it belongs to the cell types normally present in non-pathological blood smears.Our approach holds the potential to be used as a classification aid for examining much larger numbers of cells in a smear than can usually be done by a human expert. This will allow clinicians to recognize malignant cell populations with lower prevalence at an earlier stage of the disease.

Acute Leukemia

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Larson ◽  
Roland B Walter
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Who Classification ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
World Health ◽  
Acute Leukemias ◽  
Acute Myeloid

The acute leukemias are malignant clonal disorders characterized by aberrant differentiation and proliferation of transformed hematopoietic progenitor cells. These cells accumulate within the bone marrow and lead to suppression of the production of normal blood cells, with resulting symptoms from varying degrees of anemia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia or from infiltration into tissues. They are currently classified by their presumed cell of origin, although the field is moving rapidly to genetic subclassification. This review covers epidemiology; etiology; classification of leukemia by morphology, immunophenotyping, and cytogenetic/molecular abnormalities; cytogenetics of acute leukemia; general principles of therapy; acute myeloid leukemia; acute lymphoblastic leukemia; and future possibilities. The figure shows the incidence of acute leukemias in the United States. Tables list World Health Organization (WHO) classification of acute myeloid leukemia and related neoplasms, expression of cell surface and cytoplasmic markers for the diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia and mixed-phenotype acute leukemia, WHO classification of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, WHO classification of acute leukemias of ambiguous lineage, WHO classification of myelodysplastic syndromes, European LeukemiaNet cytogenetic and molecular genetic subsets in acute myeloid leukemia with prognostic importance, cytogenetic and molecular subtypes of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, terminology used in leukemia treatment, and treatment outcome for adults with acute leukemia. This review contains 1 highly rendered figure, 9 tables, and 117 references.

Impact of 9q deletions on the classification of patients with acute myeloid leukemia

2019 ◽  
Vol 145 (11) ◽  
pp. 2871-2874
Author(s):  
Bettina Balk ◽  
Torsten Haferlach ◽  
Manja Meggendorfer ◽  
Wolfgang Kern ◽  
Claudia Haferlach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Acute Myeloid

scholarly journals Transient Acute Myeloid Leukemia in a Newborn with Down’s Syndrome

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 213-217
Author(s):  
Zabrul SM Haque ◽  
Nasim Jahan ◽  
Biplob Kumar Raha ◽  
Mahmuda Hassan ◽  
Mariam Begum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
White Cell Count ◽  
Down's Syndrome ◽  
Flow Cytometric Analysis ◽  
Down’S Syndrome ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smear ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Blast Cells ◽  
Acute Myeloid

We report the case of a newborn with Down's syndrome associated with transient acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The leukemic presentation resolved spontaneously without treatment just 4 weeks after birth. A 2 days old newborn presented with respiratory distress, lethargy, poor suck and mild hepatosplenomegaly with features of Down's syndrome. Total white cell count was 144,000/cmm with blasts 92%. Other Septic work up was negative. Peripheral blood smear revealed hyper leukocytosis and presence of blast cells. Flow cytometric analysis revealed acute myeloid leukemia. The peripheral blast cells persisted for 4 weeks, after which the hemogram and the differential WBC count returned to normal and a final diagnosis of transient acute myeloid leukemia was made. Only few cases of congenital leukemia with Down's syndrome have been reported in the literature. In Down's syndrome, AML whether transient or not, generally shows cytogenetic and molecular aspects that differ from those of adult acute leukemiasJ Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2016; 34(4): 213-217

scholarly journals PF197 A NEW CLASSIFICATION OF ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA BASED ON INTEGRATED GENOMICS AND METABOLOMICS

HemaSphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (S1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
G. Simonetti ◽  
A. Padella ◽  
C. Mengucci ◽  
E. Fonzi ◽  
G. Picone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Integrated Genomics ◽  
Acute Myeloid
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