scholarly journals A Weakly Informative Prior for Resonance Frequencies

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Marnix Van Soom ◽  
Bart de Boer
Keyword(s):  
Arbitrary Order ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Inductive Bias ◽  
New Class ◽  
Selection Problems ◽  
Principle Of Maximum Entropy ◽  
Informative Prior ◽  
Resonance Frequencies ◽  
Principle Of Maximum ◽  
Robust Evidence

We derive a weakly informative prior for a set of ordered resonance frequencies from Jaynes’ principle of maximum entropy. The prior facilitates model selection problems in which both the number and the values of the resonance frequencies are unknown. It encodes a weakly inductive bias, provides a reasonable density everywhere, is easily parametrizable, and is easy to sample. We hope that this prior can enable the use of robust evidence-based methods for a new class of problems, even in the presence of multiplets of arbitrary order.

Information mechanics

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandip Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Information Flow ◽  
Irreversible Processes ◽  
State Machines ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Von Neumann ◽  
Principle Of Maximum Entropy ◽  
Information Manipulation ◽  
Classical Quantum ◽  
Physical Laws ◽  
Principle Of Maximum

Information is physical, so its manipulation through devices is subject to its own mechanics: the science and engineering of behavioral description, which is intermingled with classical, quantum and statistical mechanics principles. This chapter is a unification of these principles and physical laws with their implications for nanoscale. Ideas of state machines, Church-Turing thesis and its embodiment in various state machines, probabilities, Bayesian principles and entropy in its various forms (Shannon, Boltzmann, von Neumann, algorithmic) with an eye on the principle of maximum entropy as an information manipulation tool. Notions of conservation and non-conservation are applied to example circuit forms folding in adiabatic, isothermal, reversible and irreversible processes. This brings out implications of fluctuation and transitions, the interplay of errors and stability and the energy cost of determinism. It concludes discussing networks as tools to understand information flow and decision making and with an introduction to entanglement in quantum computing.

scholarly journals To Be or to Have Been Lucky, That Is the Question

Philosophies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Antony Lesage ◽  
Jean-Marc Victor
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Maximum Entropy ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Statistical Test ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Principle Of Maximum Entropy ◽  
Ex Ante ◽  
Social Opportunities ◽  
Global Population ◽  
Principle Of Maximum

Is it possible to measure the dispersion of ex ante chances (i.e., chances “before the event”) among people, be it gambling, health, or social opportunities? We explore this question and provide some tools, including a statistical test, to evidence the actual dispersion of ex ante chances in various areas, with a focus on chronic diseases. Using the principle of maximum entropy, we derive the distribution of the risk of becoming ill in the global population as well as in the population of affected people. We find that affected people are either at very low risk, like the overwhelming majority of the population, but still were unlucky to become ill, or are at extremely high risk and were bound to become ill.

scholarly journals An evidence-based approach to red blood cell transfusions in asymptomatically anaemic patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 97 (8) ◽  
pp. 556-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
AW Chan ◽  
CJ de Gara
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Cancer Recurrence ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Blood Products ◽  
Packed Red Blood Cells ◽  
Red Blood Cell Transfusions ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Robust Evidence

Introduction Surgeons and physicians encounter blood transfusions on a daily basis but a robust evidence-based strategy on indications and timing of transfusion in asymptomatic anaemic patients is yet to be determined. For judicious use of blood products, the risks inherent to packed red blood cells, the patient’s co-morbidities and haemoglobin (Hb)/haematocrit levels should be considered. This review critiques and summarises the latest available evidence on the indications for transfusions in healthy and cardiac disease patients as well as the timing of transfusions relative to surgery. Methods An electronic literature search of the MEDLINE®, Google Scholar™ and Trip databases was conducted for articles published in English between January 2006 and January 2015. Studies discussing timing and indications of transfusion in medical and surgical patients were retrieved. Bibliographies of studies were checked for other pertinent articles that were missed by the initial search. Findings Six level 1 studies (randomised controlled trials or systematic reviews) and six professional society guidelines were included in this review. In healthy patients without cardiac disease, a restrictive transfusion trigger of Hb 70–80g/l is safe and appropriate whereas in cardiac patients, the trigger is Hb 80–100g/l. The literature on timing of transfusions relative to surgery is limited. For the studies available, preoperative transfusions were associated with a decreased incidence of subsequent transfusions and timing of transfusions did not affect the rates of colorectal cancer recurrence.

scholarly journals The Approximation of Entropy for Smoluchowski Coagulation Equation With TEMOM

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingliang Xie
Keyword(s):  
Average Particle ◽  
Particle Volume ◽  
Principle Of Maximum Entropy ◽  
Global Properties ◽  
Smoluchowski Coagulation Equation ◽  
Coagulation Equation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Definition Of Information ◽  
Increasing Function ◽  
Principle Of Maximum

In this paper, the definition of information entropy of Smoluchowski coagulation equation for Brownian motion is introduced based on coagulation probability. The expression of entropy is the function of geometric average particle volume and standard deviation with lognormal distribution assumption. The asymptotic solution with moment method shows that the entropy is a monotone increasing function of time, which is equivalence to the entropy based on particle size distribution. the result reveals that the present definition of entropy of Smoluchowski coagulation equation are inadequate because the particle average volume at equilibrium cannot be determined from the principle of maximum entropy. This provides a basis for further exploring the global properties of Smoluchowski coagulation equation.

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