scholarly journals Detection of Brominated Plastics from E-Waste by Short-Wave Infrared Spectroscopy

Recycling ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Bonifazi ◽  
Ludovica Fiore ◽  
Riccardo Gasbarrone ◽  
Pierre Hennebert ◽  
Silvia Serranti
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Short Wave ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Correct Recognition ◽  
Detection Response ◽  
Short Wave Infrared ◽  
Industrial Level ◽  
Butadiene Styrene

In this work, the application of Short-Wave Infrared (SWIR: 1000–2500 nm) spectroscopy was evaluated to identify plastic waste containing brominated flame retardants (BFRs) using two different technologies: a portable spectroradiometer, providing spectra of single spots, and a hyperspectral imaging (HSI) platform, acquiring spectral images. X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) analysis was preliminarily performed on plastic scraps to analyze their bromine content. Chemometric methods were then applied to identify brominated plastics and polymer types. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was carried out to explore collected data and define the best preprocessing strategies, followed by Partial Least Squares—Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA), used as a classification method. Plastic fragments were classified into “High Br content” (Br > 2000 mg/kg) and “Low Br content” (Br < 2000 mg/kg). The identified polymers were acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and polystyrene (PS). Correct recognition of 89–90%, independently from the applied technique, was achieved for brominated plastics, whereas a correct recognition ranging from 81 to 89% for polymer type was reached. The study demonstrated as a systematic utilization of both the approaches at the industrial level and/or at laboratory scale for quality control can be envisaged especially considering their ease of use and the short detection response.

Effect of Flame Retardants on Performance of PALF/ABS Composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 747 ◽  
pp. 351-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poonsub Threepopnatkul ◽  
Thanaphat Krachang ◽  
Wipawee Teerawattananon ◽  
Katawut Suriyaphaparkor ◽  
Chanin Kulsetthanchalee
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Molding Machine ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Pineapple Leaf Fiber ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Diphenyl Phosphate ◽  
Butadiene Styrene

This research is to study the effect of two different flame retardants i.e., bisphenol-A bis (diphenyl phosphate) (BDP) and 9, 10-Dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) on the flammability and mechanical properties of the composites of modified natural pineapple leaf fiber (PALF) reinforced acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS). A 10% by weight of such PALF was compounded with ABS using diisononyl phthalate 1% w/w as plasticizer at the different flame retardant concentration (10 and 20 wt%) in a co-rotating twin screw extruder. An injection molding machine was used to prepare the specimens. The effects of flame-retardants showed that the PALF/ABS composite containg DOPO showed superior performance in terms of flammabitily. Higher content of flame retardants led to increase LOI value. Moreover, the composites added DOPO produce enhanced mechanical properties such as youngs modulus and tensile strength.

PC/ABS Nanocomposites with Layered Silicates Obtaining, Structure and Properties

2016 ◽  
Vol 721 ◽  
pp. 38-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rūta Saldābola ◽  
Remo Merijs Meri ◽  
Janis Zicans ◽  
Tatjana Ivanova ◽  
Rita Berzina
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Electronic Waste ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Layered Silicates ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Mechanical Stiffness ◽  
Binary Blends ◽  
Thermal Stability Of ◽  
Butadiene Styrene

Due it increasing use in electronics, polymers, mainly acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) and its blend with polycarbonate (PC), are making considerable part of electronic waste. It has been proven that halogenated flame retardants used in polymers for electronics are toxic to environment and human health. Aim of the research is to evaluate the effects of nanostructured montmorillonite clay (D43B) addition on the mechanical and thermal characteristics of PC, ABS and its binary blends. The effect of substitution of virgin polymers in the blend with recycled ones has been also investigated. It has been determined that as far as the recycled polymer content in the composites does not exceed 10wt.%, tensile and thermal properties of the systems are not considerably affected. Addition of D43B up to 1,0-1,5wt.% contributes to the increment of mechanical stiffness, strength and thermal stability of the composites.

scholarly journals Effect of Long-time Heating for Elements from Flame Retardants in Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene and Polycarbonate Resin Disks

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
pp. 1365-1371
Author(s):  
Masaki OHATA ◽  
Toshihiro KIDOKORO ◽  
Takamitsu OTAKE ◽  
Nobuyasu ITOH ◽  
Nobuyasu HANARI
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Butadiene Styrene

scholarly journals Organo-phosphorus flame retardants when applied to acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 192-196
Author(s):  
Woojung Kim ◽  
Dong Quy Hoang Thi
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Organophosphorus Compounds ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Phosphorus Compounds ◽  
P Content ◽  
Halogen Free ◽  
Vertical Test ◽  
Butadiene Styrene

In order to find an effective halogen-free flame retardant for acrylonitrile-butadienestyrene copolymer (ABS), organo-phosphorus compounds were studied and their flame retarding performances were determined by UL 94 vertical test. It is found that the flame retardancy strongly depends on phosphorus (P) content of organophosphorus compounds. Only the mixture of ABS with 2-(6-oxido-6Hdibenz< c,e><1,2>oxaphosphorin-6-yl) methyl diethyl phosphinate (ODOPM-DE), which has the highest P content, i.e., 17.68 % gives V-0 rating for the 70/30 composition.

scholarly journals Fire Properties of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Enhanced with Organic Montmorillonite and Exolit Fire Retardant

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (24) ◽  
pp. 5433
Author(s):  
Tudor Mihai Simionescu ◽  
Alina Adriana Minea ◽  
Paulo Nobre Balbis dos Reis
Keyword(s):  
Cone Calorimeter ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Fire Behavior ◽  
Fire Retardant ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Polymer Nanocomposite ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Organic Montmorillonite ◽  
Ul 94 ◽  
Butadiene Styrene

In this paper an experimental investigation on fire retardancy of a new polymer nanocomposite derived from organic montmorillonite and exolit fire retardant in an acrylonitrile- butadiene-styrene copolymer by analyzing the flammability and fire behavior is described. The samples were prepared by melting and mixing nanocomposites and fire retardant in different concentrations in an acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene base polymer. It was found that using only one component (organic montmorillonite or fire retardant) the burning stops in 10 s on the sample. Confirmation of synergy in flammability by combining both montmorillonite and flame retardants was noticed and is discussed regarding the flame-retardant mechanisms assessed by means of the Limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL 94, and cone-calorimeter methods. The acrylonitrile- butadiene-styrene preparation with 15–20 wt% fire retardant and 1–2 wt% organic montmorillonite reached a UL-94 V-0 classification, contrasting with the pure acrylonitrile- butadiene-styrene and the acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene with 15 wt% fire retardant and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene with 1–2 wt% organic montmorillonite formulations, which completely burned. Finally, the samples showed a very good synergy going to a higher reduction of the peak heat release rate and to a minimum mass reduction, as obtained from cone calorimeter tests.

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