Distinguishing Original and Non-Original Stands at the Zhanjiang Mangrove National Nature Reserve (P.R. China): Remote Sensing and GIS for Conservation and Ecological Research

The present research developed a novel methodological framework to differentiate natural mangrove stands (i.e., original), from stands which were planted and stands naturally established after interaction between planted and non-planted stands (e.g., through pollination, i.e., non-original). Ground-truth and remote sensing data were collected for Zhanjiang Mangrove National Nature Reserve (ZMNNR) in P.R. China. First, satellite images of Corona (1967) and GeoEye-1 (2009) were overlaid to identify original (1967) and non-original (2009) mangrove stands. Second, in both stands a total of 75 in situ plots (25 m2) were measured for ground-truthing of tree structural parameters including height, density, basal area and Complexity Index (CI). From temporal satellite data, we identify 236.12 ha of original mangrove and 567.88 ha of non-original mangrove in the reserve. Averaged measurements of the original mangrove stands, i.e., stem density (1164 nos. 0.1 ha−1), basal area (90.3 m2 0.1 ha−1) and CI (100.59), indicated that they were in a state of maturity and less disturbed compared to the non-original mangroves (density, 1241 nos. 0.1 ha−1; basal area, 4.92 m2 0.1 ha−1 and CI, 55.65). The Kruskal–Wallis test showed significant differentiation between the original and non-original mangrove tree structural parameters: Kandelia obovata’s density, X2 = 34.78, d.f. = 1, p = 0.001; basal area, X2 = 108.15, d.f. = 1, p = 0.001; Rizhopora stylosa’s density, X2 = 64.03, d.f. = 1, p = 0.001; basal area, X2 = 117.96, d.f. = 1, p = 0.001. The latter is also evident from the clustering plots generated from the Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Vegetation dynamics at the ZMNNR also enabled us to compare the species composition and distribution patterns with other Indo-West Pacific regions. Overall, the present study not only highlights the advantage of >50 years old satellite data but also provide a benchmark for future ecological research, conservation and management of the ZMNNR.

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Spatial heterogeneity in mangroves assessed by GeoEye-1 satellite data: a case-study in Zhanjiang Mangrove National Nature Reserve (ZMNNR), China

Biogeosciences Discussions ◽

10.5194/bgd-10-2591-2013 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 2591-2615 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

K. Leempoel ◽

C. Bourgeois ◽

J. Zhang ◽

J. Wang ◽

M. Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Spatial Heterogeneity ◽

Satellite Data ◽

Nature Reserve ◽

Species Level ◽

Geometric Distortion ◽

Mangrove Forests ◽

Ground Truth Data ◽

National Nature Reserve ◽

High Resolution Satellite Images

Abstract. Mangrove forests, which are declining across the globe mainly because of human intervention, require an evaluation of their past and present status (e.g. areal extent, species-level distribution, etc.) to better implement conservation and management strategies. In this paper, mangrove cover dynamics at Gaoqiao (under the jurisdiction of Zhanjiang Mangrove National Nature Reserve – ZMNNR, P. R. China) were assessed through time using 1967 (Corona KH-4B), 2000 (Landsat ETM+), and 2009 (GeoEye-1) satellite imagery. An important decline in mangrove cover (−36%) was observed between 1967 and 2009 due to dike construction for agriculture (paddy) and aquaculture practices. Moreover, dike construction prevented mangroves from expanding landward. Although a small increase of mangrove area was observed between 2000 and 2009 (+24%), the ratio mangrove/aquaculture kept decreasing due to increased aquaculture at the expense of rice culture. In the land-use/cover map based on ground-truth data (5 m × 5 m plot-based tree measurements) (August–September, 2009) and spectral reflectance values (obtained from pansharpened GeoEye-1), both Bruguiera gymnorrhiza and small Aegiceras corniculatum are distinguishable at 73–100% accuracy, whereas tall A. corniculatum is identifiable at only 53% due to its mixed vegetation stands close to B. gymnorrhiza (classification accuracy: 85%). Sand proportion in the sediment showed significant differences (Kruskal-Wallis/ANOVA, P < 0.05) between the three mangrove classes (B. gymnorrhiza and small and tall A. corniculatum). Distribution of tall A. corniculatum on the convex side of creeks and small A.corniculatum on the concave side (with sand) show intriguing patterns of watercourse changes. Overall, the advantage of very high resolution satellite images like GeoEye-1 for mangrove spatial heterogeneity assessment and/or species-level discrimination is well demonstrated, along with the complexity to provide a precise classification for non-dominant species (e.g. Kandelia obovata) at Gaoqiao. Despite the limitations such as geometric distortion and single band information, the 42-yr old Corona declassified images are invaluable for land-use/cover change detections when compared to recent satellite data sets.

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Environmental and Ecological Risk Assessment of Trace Metal Contamination in Mangrove Ecosystems: A Case from Zhangjiangkou Mangrove National Nature Reserve, China

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2016/2167053 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jun Wang ◽

Huihong Du ◽

Ye Xu ◽

Kai Chen ◽

Junhua Liang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Assessment ◽

Trace Metals ◽

Ecological Risk ◽

Ecological Risk Assessment ◽

Nature Reserve ◽

Anthropogenic Activities ◽

Rapid Development ◽

Agricultural Waste ◽

Principal Component ◽

National Nature Reserve

Zhangjiangkou Mangrove National Nature Reserve is a subtropical wetland ecosystem in southeast coast of China, which is of dense population and rapid development. The concentrations, sources, and pollution assessment of trace metals (Cu, Cd, Pb, Cr, Zn, As, and Hg) in surface sediment from 29 sites and the biota specimen were investigated for better ecological risk assessment and environmental management. The ranges of trace metals in mg/kg sediment were as follows: Cu (10.79–26.66), Cd (0.03–0.19), Pb (36.71–59.86), Cr (9.67–134.51), Zn (119.69–157.84), As (15.65–31.60), and Hg (0.00–0.08). The sequences of the bioaccumulation of studied metals are Zn > Cu > As > Cr > Pb > Cd > Hg with few exceptions. Cluster analysis and principal component analysis revealed that the trace metals in the studied area mainly derived from anthropogenic activities, such as industrial effluents, agricultural waste, and domestic sewage. Pollution load index and geoaccumulation index were calculated for trace metals in surface sediments, which indicated unpolluted status in general except Pb, Cr, and As.

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Remote sensing imaging: a useful method for assessing wetland vegetation evolution processes in the Nanjishan Wetland National Nature Reserve, Lake Poyang

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/349/1/012011 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 349 ◽

pp. 012011

Author(s):

Jie Zhang ◽

Jing Li ◽

Xueru Wang ◽

Peijun Wu ◽

Xingchen Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Nature Reserve ◽

Wetland Vegetation ◽

National Nature Reserve ◽

Lake Poyang

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Monitoring wetland of Poyang Lake National Nature Reserve zone by remote sensing

10.1117/12.813012 ◽

2008 ◽

Author(s):

Xinghua Le ◽

Zhewen Fan ◽

Yu Fang ◽

Yuping Yu ◽

Yun Zhang

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Nature Reserve ◽

Poyang Lake ◽

National Nature Reserve

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Structure and composition of trees in Mount Tilu Nature Reserve, West Java, Indonesia

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity ◽

10.13057/biodiv/d210640 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Tri Cahyanto ◽

Muhammad Efendi ◽

DIAN MUHAMAD RAMDAN

Keyword(s):

Tree Species ◽

Nature Reserve ◽

Basal Area ◽

Principal Component ◽

Floristic Composition ◽

Diversity Indices ◽

Species Structure ◽

West Java ◽

Conservation Area ◽

Regeneration Status

Abstract. Cahyanto T, Efendi M, Ramdan DM. 2020. Structure and composition of trees in Mount Tilu Nature Reserve, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 2674-2680. An understanding of the structure and composition of stands in a conservation area is needed to support sustainable management strategy. However, this information in the Mount Tilu Nature Reserve, Bandung District, West Java area is still lacking. This research was aimed to analyze the structure and composition of tree species in the block of Malagembol forest, Mt. Tilu NR. Data collection was carried out through vegetation analysis using sampling plot method with size of 10x100 m2 at three-level altitudes of 1530 m, 1745 m, and 1950 m asl. Observation parameters included species names, number of individuals, and diameter at breast height (dbh). Data were analyzed to determine the floristic composition, species structure based on their diameter class, relative basal area, diversity indices, and analysis of the importance of the main components of trees species through Principal Component Analysis (PCA). A total of 32 tree species from 23 families was found in the observation plots which was dominated by Fagaceae, Lauraceae, and Myrtaceae families. Some pioneer plants covered the gap in vegetation due to minor disturbance and residual damage in the past. Nonetheless, the dominance of stands with small diameters indicated good regeneration status following such disturbance. Based on these findings, we recommend protecting the vegetation in Mt. Tilu NR by limiting community activities that can disturb the forest.

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