scholarly journals RAIN-F+: The Data-Driven Precipitation Prediction Model for Integrated Weather Observations

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 3627
Author(s):  
Yeji Choi ◽  
Keumgang Cha ◽  
Minyoung Back ◽  
Hyunguk Choi ◽  
Taegyun Jeon
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Learning Performance ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Rainfall Prediction ◽  
Precipitation Prediction ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Weather Observations ◽  
Surface Station ◽  
Weather Observation

Quantitative precipitation prediction is essential for managing water-related disasters, including floods, landslides, tsunamis, and droughts. Recent advances in data-driven approaches using deep learning techniques provide improved precipitation nowcasting performance. Moreover, it has been known that multi-modal information from various sources could improve deep learning performance. This study introduces the RAIN-F+ dataset, which is the fusion dataset for rainfall prediction, and proposes the benchmark models for precipitation prediction using the RAIN-F+ dataset. The RAIN-F+ dataset is an integrated weather observation dataset including radar, surface station, and satellite observations covering the land area over the Korean Peninsula. The benchmark model is developed based on the U-Net architecture with residual upsampling and downsampling blocks. We examine the results depending on the number of the integrated dataset for training. Overall, the results show that the fusion dataset outperforms the radar-only dataset over time. Moreover, the results with the radar-only dataset show the limitations in predicting heavy rainfall over 10 mm/h. This suggests that the various information from multi-modality is crucial for precipitation nowcasting when applying the deep learning method.

scholarly journals The Study of Noise Effect on CNN-Based Deep Learning from Medical Images

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-207
Author(s):  
Kittipat Sriwong ◽  
◽  
Kittisak Kerdprasop ◽  
Nittaya Kerdprasop
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Medical Images ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Learning Performance ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Deep Learning Algorithm ◽  
Learning Techniques

Currently, computational modeling methods based on machine learning techniques in medical imaging are gaining more and more interests from health science researchers and practitioners. The high interest is due to efficiency of modern algorithms such as convolutional neural networks (CNN) and other types of deep learning. CNN is the most popular deep learning algorithm because of its prominent capability on learning key features from images that help capturing the correct class of images. Moreover, several sophisticated CNN architectures with many learning layers are available in the cloud computing environment. In this study, we are interested in performing empirical research work to compare performance of CNNs when they are dealing with noisy medical images. We design a comparative study to observe performance of the AlexNet CNN model on classifying diseases from medical images of two types: images with noise and images without noise. For the case of noisy images, the data had been further separated into two groups: a group of images that noises harmoniously cover the area of the disease symptoms (NIH) and a group of images that noises do not harmoniously cover the area of the disease symptoms (NNIH). The experimental results reveal that NNIH has insignificant effect toward the performance of CNN. For the group of NIH, we notice some effect of noise on CNN learning performance. In NIH group of images, the data preparation process before learning can improve the efficiency of CNN.

scholarly journals A Review of Deep Learning Techniques for Forecasting Energy Use in Buildings

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 608
Author(s):  
Jason Runge ◽  
Radu Zmeureanu
Keyword(s):  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Nonlinear Phenomena ◽  
Energy Forecasting ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Application Potential

Buildings account for a significant portion of our overall energy usage and associated greenhouse gas emissions. With the increasing concerns regarding climate change, there are growing needs for energy reduction and increasing our energy efficiency. Forecasting energy use plays a fundamental role in building energy planning, management and optimization. The most common approaches for building energy forecasting include physics and data-driven models. Among the data-driven models, deep learning techniques have begun to emerge in recent years due to their: improved abilities in handling large amounts of data, feature extraction characteristics, and improved abilities in modelling nonlinear phenomena. This paper provides an extensive review of deep learning-based techniques applied to forecasting the energy use in buildings to explore its effectiveness and application potential. First, we present a summary of published literature reviews followed by an overview of deep learning-based definitions and techniques. Next, we present a breakdown of current trends identified in published research along with a discussion of how deep learning-based models have been applied for feature extraction and forecasting. Finally, the review concludes with current challenges faced and some potential future research directions.

scholarly journals Data Augmentation for Human Keypoint Estimation Deep Learning based Sign Language Translation

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1257
Author(s):  
Chan-Il Park ◽  
Chae-Bong Sohn
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Sign Language ◽  
Data Augmentation ◽  
Language Translation ◽  
Video Data ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Learning Performance ◽  
Learning Technology ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Language Data

Deep learning technology has developed constantly and is applied in many fields. In order to correctly apply deep learning techniques, sufficient learning must be preceded. Various conditions are necessary for sufficient learning. One of the most important conditions is training data. Collecting sufficient training data is fundamental, because if the training data are insufficient, deep learning will not be done properly. Many types of training data are collected, but not all of them. So, we may have to collect them directly. Collecting takes a lot of time and hard work. To reduce this effort, the data augmentation method is used to increase the training data. Data augmentation has some common methods, but often requires different methods for specific data. For example, in order to recognize sign language, video data processed with openpose are used. In this paper, we propose a new data augmentation method for sign language data used for learning translation, and we expect to improve the learning performance, according to the proposed method.

Information Extraction from Agricultural and Weather Domain using Deep Learning Approach

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Information Extraction ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Data Analytics ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Self Organizing Map ◽  
Climatic Parameters ◽  
Rainfall Prediction ◽  
Learning Techniques

India is an agricultural region and the economy of the country depends upon agriculture. Change in climatic parameters (like rainfall, soil, etc) directly affect the growth of crops. This parameter has an unswerving effect on the quantity of food production. Information extraction from the agricultural domain through rainfall prediction has been one of the most challenging issues around the world in recent years because of climatic changes. To evaluate the feasibility of rain by employing some data analytics and machine learning techniques are developed. This paper proposes an enhanced deep learning-based approach known as Deep Regression Network (DRN). The proposed DRN is a 6-layer deep neural network. The proposed algorithm trains and tests on the agricultural corpus, collected from Dehradun (India) region. The experimental outcomes state that the proposed DRN method attained a prediction accuracy approx 86.56%. The comparative analysis shows that the proposed method outperformed existing methods like Ensemble Neural Network, Naïve Bayes, KNN, and Weighted Self-Organizing Map.

scholarly journals A Deep Insight in Challenges of Natural Language Processing and Usage of Deep Learning

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12s3) ◽  
pp. 50-54
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Natural Language Processing ◽  
Natural Language ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Automatic Speech Recognition ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Deep Insight ◽  
Pos Tagging ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Using Data

Natural Language Processing (NLP) using the power of artificial intelligence has empowered the understanding of the language used by human. It has also enhanced the effectiveness of the communication between human and computers. The complexity and diversity of the huge datasets have raised the requirement for automatic analysis of the linguistic data by using data-driven approaches. The performance of the data-driven approaches is improved after the usage of different deep learning techniques in various application areas of NLP like Automatic Speech Recognition, POS tagging etc. The paper addresses the challenges faced in NLP and the use of deep learning techniques in different application areas of NLP.

A new dam structural response estimation paradigm powered by deep learning and transfer learning techniques

2021 ◽  
pp. 147592172110097
Author(s):  
Yangtao Li ◽  
Tengfei Bao ◽  
Zhixin Gao ◽  
Xiaosong Shu ◽  
Kang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Transfer Learning ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Structural Response ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Structural Health ◽  
Learning Techniques

With the rapid development of information and communication techniques, dam structural health assessment based on data collected from structural health monitoring systems has become a trend. This allows for applying data-driven methods for dam safety analysis. However, data-driven models in most related literature are statistical and shallow machine learning models, which cannot capture the time series patterns or learn from long-term dependencies of dam structural response time series. Furthermore, the effectiveness and applicability of these models are only validated in a small data set and part of monitoring points in a dam structural health monitoring system. To address the problems, this article proposes a new modeling paradigm based on various deep learning and transfer learning techniques. The paradigm utilizes one-dimensional convolutional neural networks to extract the inherent features from dam structural response–related environmental quantity monitoring data. Then bidirectional gated recurrent unit with a self-attention mechanism is used to learn from long-term dependencies, and transfer learning is utilized to transfer knowledge learned from the typical monitoring point to the others. The proposed paradigm integrates the powerful modeling capability of deep learning networks and the flexible transferability of transfer learning. Rather than traditional models that rely on experience for feature selection, the proposed deep learning–based paradigm directly utilizes environmental monitoring time series as inputs to accurately estimate dam structural response changes. A high arch dam in long-term service is selected as the case study, and three monitoring items, including dam displacement, crack opening displacement, and seepage are used as the research objects. The experimental results show that the proposed paradigm outperforms conventional and shallow machine learning–based methods in all 41 tested monitoring points, which indicates that the proposed paradigm is capable of dealing with dam structural response estimation with high accuracy and robustness.

scholarly journals Physics Guided Deep Learning for Data-Driven Aircraft Fuel Consumption Modeling

Aerospace ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Mevlut Uzun ◽  
Mustafa Umut Demirezen ◽  
Gokhan Inalhan
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Supervised Learning ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Performance Model ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Physical Knowledge ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Flight Regimes

This paper presents a physics-guided deep neural network framework to estimate fuel consumption of an aircraft. The framework aims to improve data-driven models’ consistency in flight regimes that are not covered by data. In particular, we guide the neural network with the equations that represent fuel flow dynamics. In addition to the empirical error, we embed this physical knowledge as several extra loss terms. Results show that our proposed model accomplishes correct predictions on the labeled test set, as well as assuring physical consistency in unseen flight regimes. The results indicate that our model, while being applicable to the aircraft’s complete flight envelope, yields lower fuel consumption error measures compared to the model-based approaches and other supervised learning techniques utilizing the same training data sets. In addition, our deep learning model produces fuel consumption trends similar to the BADA4 aircraft performance model, which is widely utilized in real-world operations, in unseen and untrained flight regimes. In contrast, the other supervised learning techniques fail to produce meaningful results. Overall, the proposed methodology enhances the explainability of data-driven models without deteriorating accuracy.

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