On-Chip Cellomics Assay Enabling Algebraic and Geometric Understanding of Epigenetic Information in Cellular Networks of Living Systems. 1. Temporal Aspects of Epigenetic Information in Bacteria

Spatiotemporal changes in viscoelasticity are a key component of the morphogenesis of living systems. Experimental and theoretical findings suggest that cellular- and tissue-scale viscoelasticity can be understood as a collective property emerging from macromolecular and cellular interactions, respectively. Linking the changes in the structural or material properties of cells and tissues, such as material phase transitions, to the microscopic interactions of their constituents, is still a challenge both at the experimental and theoretical level. In this review, we summarize work on the viscoelastic nature of cytoskeletal, extracellular and cellular networks. We then conceptualize viscoelasticity as a network theory problem and discuss its applications in several biological contexts. We propose that the statistical mechanics of networks can be used in the future as a powerful framework to uncover quantitatively the biomechanical basis of viscoelasticity across scales.

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An Intelligent Data Uploading Selection Mechanism for Offloading Uplink Traffic of Cellular Networks

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s20216287 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (21) ◽

pp. 6287

Author(s):

Qian Wang ◽

Juan Fang ◽

Bei Gong ◽

Xiaojiang Du ◽

Mohsen Guizani

Keyword(s):

Prediction Model ◽

Cellular Networks ◽

Selection Mechanism ◽

Trade Off ◽

Performance Objective ◽

Sensing Applications ◽

Crowd Sensing ◽

Temporal Aspects ◽

Probability Prediction ◽

Mobile Crowd

Wi-Fi uploading is considered an effective method for offloading the traffic of cellular networks generated by the data uploading process of mobile crowd sensing applications. However, previously proposed Wi-Fi uploading schemes mainly focus on optimizing one performance objective: the offloaded cellular traffic or the reduced uploading cost. In this paper, we propose an Intelligent Data Uploading Selection Mechanism (IDUSM) to realize a trade-off between the offloaded traffic of cellular networks and participants’ uploading cost considering the differences among participants’ data plans and direct and indirect opportunistic transmissions. The mechanism first helps the source participant choose an appropriate data uploading manner based on the proposed probability prediction model, and then optimizes its performance objective for the chosen data uploading manner. In IDUSM, our proposed probability prediction model precisely predicts a participant’s mobility from spatial and temporal aspects, and we decrease data redundancy produced in the Wi-Fi offloading process to reduce waste of participants’ limited resources (e.g., storage, battery). Simulation results show that the offloading efficiency of our proposed IDUSM is (56.54×10−7), and the value is the highest among the other three Wi-Fi offloading mechanisms. Meanwhile, the offloading ratio and uploading cost of IDUSM are respectively 52.1% and (6.79×103). Compared with other three Wi-Fi offloading mechanisms, it realized a trade-off between the offloading ratio and the uploading cost.

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Poregenic - Patch on Chip System for Adherent Cellular Networks

Biophysical Journal ◽

10.1016/j.bpj.2011.11.3175 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 102 (3) ◽

pp. 583a

Author(s):

Denise Franz ◽

Carsten Tautorat ◽

Oliver Klink ◽

Uwe Scheffler ◽

Thomas Kroeger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cellular Networks ◽

On Chip

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Contention-Aware Mapping and Scheduling Optimization for NoC-Based MPSoCs (Student Abstract)

Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence ◽

10.1609/aaai.v34i10.7270 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 34 (10) ◽

pp. 13995-13996

Author(s):

Yupeng Zhou ◽

Rongjie Yan ◽

Anyu Cai ◽

Yige Yan ◽

Minghao Yin

Keyword(s):

Evolutionary Algorithm ◽

Network On Chip ◽

Multi Objective Optimization ◽

Scheduling Optimization ◽

Multi Objective ◽

Temporal Aspects ◽

Network Contention ◽

On Chip ◽

Constraint Model

We consider spacial and temporal aspects of communication to avoid contention in Network-on-Chip (NoC) architectures. A constraint model is constructed such that the design concerns can be evaluated, and an efficient evolutionary algorithm with various heuristics is proposed to search for better solutions. Experimentations from random benchmarks demonstrate the efficiency of our method in multi-objective optimization and the effectiveness of our techniques in avoiding network contention.

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Redox Reactions in Lipid Membranes as a Model for Primordial Energy-Conserving Systems

International Astronomical Union Colloquium ◽

10.1017/s0252921100014950 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 161 ◽

pp. 437-442

Author(s):

Salvatore Di Bernardo ◽

Romana Fato ◽

Giorgio Lenaz

Keyword(s):

Experimental Evidence ◽

Lipid Membranes ◽

Energy Supply ◽

Redox Reactions ◽

Living Systems ◽

Asymmetric Distribution ◽

Conservation Of Energy ◽

Asymmetrical Distribution ◽

Energy Conserving ◽

Living Organisms

AbstractOne of the peculiar aspects of living systems is the production and conservation of energy. This aspect is provided by specialized organelles, such as the mitochondria and chloroplasts, in developed living organisms. In primordial systems lacking specialized enzymatic complexes the energy supply was probably bound to the generation and maintenance of an asymmetric distribution of charged molecules in compartmentalized systems. On the basis of experimental evidence, we suggest that lipophilic quinones were involved in the generation of this asymmetrical distribution of charges through vectorial redox reactions across lipid membranes.

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Prolonged Fixation Studies For Spaceflight

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100072101 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 31 ◽

pp. 332-333

Author(s):

Robert Corbett ◽

Delbert E. Philpott ◽

Sam Black

Keyword(s):

High Pressure ◽

Living Systems ◽

Prolonged Storage ◽

Time Intervals ◽

Early Signs ◽

Large Numbers

Observation of subtle or early signs of change in spaceflight induced alterations on living systems require precise methods of sampling. In-flight analysis would be preferable but constraints of time, equipment, personnel and cost dictate the necessity for prolonged storage before retrieval. Because of this, various tissues have been stored in fixatives and combinations of fixatives and observed at various time intervals. High pressure and the effect of buffer alone have also been tried.Of the various tissues embedded, muscle, cartilage and liver, liver has been the most extensively studied because it contains large numbers of organelles common to all tissues (Fig. 1).

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Gut microbiome a promising target for management of respiratory diseases

Biochemical Journal ◽

10.1042/bcj20200426 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 477 (14) ◽

pp. 2679-2696

Author(s):

Riddhi Trivedi ◽

Kalyani Barve

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Diseases ◽

New Technology ◽

Bacterial Flora ◽

Systemic Circulation ◽

The Body ◽

Lung Pathology ◽

Promising Target ◽

Current Therapies ◽

Intestinal Microbial Flora ◽

On Chip

The intestinal microbial flora has risen to be one of the important etiological factors in the development of diseases like colorectal cancer, obesity, diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, anxiety and Parkinson's. The emergence of the association between bacterial flora and lungs led to the discovery of the gut–lung axis. Dysbiosis of several species of colonic bacteria such as Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes and transfer of these bacteria from gut to lungs via lymphatic and systemic circulation are associated with several respiratory diseases such as lung cancer, asthma, tuberculosis, cystic fibrosis, etc. Current therapies for dysbiosis include use of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics to restore the balance between various species of beneficial bacteria. Various approaches like nanotechnology and microencapsulation have been explored to increase the permeability and viability of probiotics in the body. The need of the day is comprehensive study of mechanisms behind dysbiosis, translocation of microbiota from gut to lung through various channels and new technology for evaluating treatment to correct this dysbiosis which in turn can be used to manage various respiratory diseases. Microfluidics and organ on chip model are emerging technologies that can satisfy these needs. This review gives an overview of colonic commensals in lung pathology and novel systems that help in alleviating symptoms of lung diseases. We have also hypothesized new models to help in understanding bacterial pathways involved in the gut–lung axis as well as act as a futuristic approach in finding treatment of respiratory diseases caused by dysbiosis.

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