scholarly journals Determinism in Cyber-Physical Systems Specified by Interpreted Petri Nets

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (19) ◽  
pp. 5565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Remigiusz Wisniewski ◽  
Iwona Grobelna ◽  
Andrei Karatkevich

In this paper, we study selected aspects of determinism in the control part of a cyber-physical system (CPS) that is specified by a Petri net-based model. In particular, the control interpreted Petri nets (CIPNs) are applied, which are an extension of the ordinary Petri nets, supplemented by signals (related to sensors and actuators) that permit communication with the environment. The notions of weak and strong determinism in a system described by a CIPN are introduced in the paper. The proposed concepts are supported by formal definitions and theorems. Moreover, a novel modelling methodology for a deterministic system specified by a CIPN is proposed. The presented solutions are illustrated by a case study example of a real-life cyber-physical system. Finally, the results of experimental verification of the proposed determinism-based techniques are demonstrated and discussed.

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (23) ◽  
pp. 8039
Author(s):  
Ali Hassan Sodhro ◽  
Noman Zahid

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the revolutionary paradigm to empower sixth generation (6G) edge computing based e-healthcare for everyone. Thus, this research aims to promote an AI-based cost-effective and efficient healthcare application. The cyber physical system (CPS) is a key player in the internet world where humans and their personal devices such as cell phones, laptops, wearables, etc., facilitate the healthcare environment. The data extracting, examining and monitoring strategies from sensors and actuators in the entire medical landscape are facilitated by cloud-enabled technologies for absorbing and accepting the entire emerging wave of revolution. The efficient and accurate examination of voluminous data from the sensor devices poses restrictions in terms of bandwidth, delay and energy. Due to the heterogeneous nature of the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT), the driven healthcare system must be smart, interoperable, convergent, and reliable to provide pervasive and cost-effective healthcare platforms. Unfortunately, because of higher power consumption and lesser packet delivery rate, achieving interoperable, convergent, and reliable transmission is challenging in connected healthcare. In such a scenario, this paper has fourfold major contributions. The first contribution is the development of a single chip wearable electrocardiogram (ECG) with the support of an analog front end (AFE) chip model (i.e., ADS1292R) for gathering the ECG data to examine the health status of elderly or chronic patients with the IoT-based cyber physical system (CPS). The second proposes a fuzzy-based sustainable, interoperable, and reliable algorithm (FSIRA), which is an intelligent and self-adaptive decision-making approach to prioritize emergency and critical patients in association with the selected parameters for improving healthcare quality at reasonable costs. The third is the proposal of a specific cloud-based architecture for mobile and connected healthcare. The fourth is the identification of the right balance between reliability, packet loss ratio, convergence, latency, interoperability, and throughput to support an adaptive IoMT driven connected healthcare. It is examined and observed that our proposed approaches outperform the conventional techniques by providing high reliability, high convergence, interoperability, and a better foundation to analyze and interpret the accuracy in systems from a medical health aspect. As for the IoMT, an enabled healthcare cloud is the key ingredient on which to focus, as it also faces the big hurdle of less bandwidth, more delay and energy drain. Thus, we propose the mathematical trade-offs between bandwidth, interoperability, reliability, delay, and energy dissipation for IoMT-oriented smart healthcare over a 6G platform.


Author(s):  
Lihui Wang ◽  
Robert Gao ◽  
Ihab Ragai

This paper presents an integrated cyber-physical system for remote accessibility and controllability of factory equipment, e.g. CNC machines and robots. It is enabled by combining 3D models, sensor data and camera images in real-time. The aim of this research is to significantly reduce network traffic for much improved accessibility and controllability of any cyber-physical systems over the Internet. The ultimate goal is to build cloud-based services of monitoring, process planning, machining and assembly in decentralised environment. This paper covers the basis of the approach, system architecture and implementation, and a case study of remote control of a robotic assembly cell. Compared with camera-based systems, our approach consumes less than 1% of its network bandwidth, feasible and practical as a future cloud-based solution.


2019 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
pp. 153-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Brings ◽  
Marian Daun ◽  
Torsten Bandyszak ◽  
Vanessa Stricker ◽  
Thorsten Weyer ◽  
...  

2013 ◽  
Vol 664 ◽  
pp. 1035-1040
Author(s):  
Wei Meng ◽  
Zu De Zhou ◽  
Qing Song Ai ◽  
Quan Liu ◽  
Ling Chen

Cyber-physical system (CPS) is a multiple system where physical world operations are monitored and controlled by communication and computing components. This paper focuses on the framework, design and simulation of a CPS for public security applications. A framework of the CPS is presented, and its compositions are analyzed in detail. To meet the requirements of cyber-physical control, the design features of environment perception and communication are investigated. An improved task allocation method and a hybrid approach for path planning are introduced for robots coordination and optimization. Finally, the CPS is demonstrated with a case study in a public security scenario, where robots equipped with sensors cooperate with each other to extinguish fires arising due to a disaster. The simulation experiments are conducted to show the feasibility of such system.


2014 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 90-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constantin-Bala Zamfirescu ◽  
Bogdan-Constantin Pirvu ◽  
Dominic Gorecky ◽  
Harish Chakravarthy

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