LoRaWAN and Urban Waste Management—A Trial

The city of Lisbon, as any other capital of a European country, has a large number of issues regarding managing waste and recycling containers spread throughout the city. This document presents the results of a study promoted by the Lisbon City Council for trialing LPWAN (Low-Power Wide-Area Network) technology for the waste management vertical under the Lisbon Smart City initiative. Current waste management is done using GSM (Global System for Mobile communications) sensors, and the municipality aims to use LPWAN in order to improve range and reduce costs and provisioning times when changing the communications provider. After an initial study, LoRa (Long Range) and LoRAWAN (LoRa Wide Area Network) as its network counterpart, were selected as the LPWAN technology for trials considering several use cases, exploring multiple distances, types of recycling waste containers, placements (underground or surface) and kinds of commercially available waste level measurement LoRa sensors. The results showed that the underground waste containers proved to be, as expected, the most difficult to operate correctly, where the container itself imposed attenuation levels of 26 dB on the LoRa link budget. The successful results were used to promote the deployment of a city-wide LoRa network, available to all the departments inside the Lisbon City Council. Considering the network capacity, the municipality also decided to make the network freely available to citizens.

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LoRaWAN and Urban Waste Management – A Trial

10.20944/preprints202102.0324.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Nuno Cruz ◽

Nuno Cota ◽

João Tremoceiro

Keyword(s):

Waste Management ◽

Network Capacity ◽

Initial Study ◽

City Council ◽

Use Cases ◽

Multiple Use ◽

Urban Waste Management ◽

Difficult Challenge ◽

The Impact ◽

The City

The city of Lisbon, has any other capital of a European country, has a large number of issues while managing the waste and recycling containers spread throughout the city. This document presents the results of a study promoted by the Lisbon City Council for trialing LPWAN technology on the waste management vertical under the Lisbon Smart City initiative. Current waste management is done using GSM sensors, and the aim is to use LPWAN to reduce the costs, improve range and reduce provisioning times when changing the communications provider. After an initial study, LoRa was selected as the LPWAN of choice for the trials. The study is composed of multiple use cases at different distances, types of recycling waste containers, placements (underground and surface) and different kinds of waste level measurement LoRa sensors, deployed in order to assess the impact of the different use cases on the LoRa sensor usage. The results shown that the underground waste containers present the most difficult challenge, where the container itself imposes attenuation levels of 26dB on the link budget. The results promoted the deployment of a city wide LoRa network available to all departments inside the Lisbon City Council, and considering the network capacity the network, the network is also available to citizens to be used freely.

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Electromagnetic pollution maps as a resource for assessing the risk of emissions from mobile communications antennas

International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) ◽

10.11591/ijece.v10i4.pp4244-4251 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 4244

Author(s):

Yeison Alberto Garces-Gomez ◽

Vladimir Henao-Cespedes ◽

Luis Fernando Diaz-Cadavid

Keyword(s):

Mobile Communications ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Mobile Telephone ◽

Area Network ◽

Wide Area Network ◽

Communication Devices ◽

Telephone Operators ◽

Electromagnetic Pollution ◽

The City

Electromagnetic pollution has taken on importance in recent decades, as interest is growing in knowing how the proliferation of mobile communication devices can affect the environment and generate health problems in the population. In this document, a systematic review of the methodologies for measuring electromagnetic radiation is carried out with a view to generating pollution profiles. It also develops a novel methodology for measuring electromagnetic pollution (EMP) in urban areas, and is validated with a case study using a map of EMP in the city of Manizales (Colombia), determining the spatial distribution of radiation levels. In order to generate the map, EMP measurements were carried out in the bands of local mobile telephone operators, in addition to the LPWAN (low power wide area network) LoRaWAN and Sigfox networks, Wi-Fi, and those related to IoT technologies.

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CALCULATIONS OF TRAMWAY TRACK CAPACITY IN THE WIDE AREA NETWORKS

Transport ◽

10.3846/16484142.2012.754378 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 428-433 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Adam Molecki ◽

Damian Gąska

Keyword(s):

Monte Carlo ◽

Monte Carlo Method ◽

Network Capacity ◽

Wide Area ◽

Wide Area Networks ◽

Area Network ◽

Single Track ◽

Wide Area Network ◽

Traffic Lights ◽

Before And After

The article shows a way of calculating the tram network capacity. A wide area network in Silesian Conurbation was used as an example (before and after planned modernization). Special attention was put on the traffic limiters like: single-track sections, stops, junctions, crossings with traffic lights, etc. Travel times and other characteristics were determined with the use of Monte Carlo method. In total, the capacity calculations of the tram network in Silesian Conurbation (divided into 74 sections) had taken into account: 131 crossings with traffic lights, 395 stops, 52 junctions, 51 single-track sections.

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