Applications of Biosensors for Meat Quality Evaluations

The aim of this study was to apply biosensors in the assessment of meat quality. The research was carried out on 20 samples of the Longissimus muscle obtained from pork of Polish Landrace and Polish Large White hybrids of fattening pigs. In the samples, 48 h after slaughter pH values, color parameters in the CIE system (L* a* b*), the volume of natural drip loss and intramuscular fat content were measured. The commercially available biosensor Accutrend Plus was used to measure glucose, triglycerides and lactic acid in meat juice. Significant (p ≤ 0.05) relationships between glucose, triglycerides, lactic acid levels and pork quality characteristics, i.e., pH (r = −0.62; r = −0.78; r = −0.68 respectively), natural drip loss and (r = 0.57; r = 0.58; r = 0.49), color parameters as L*, a* and b* (r = from 0.47 to 0.79) were demonstrated. The study showed a negative correlation between the intramuscular fat content and acidification of muscle tissue (r = −0.49), and a positive one with the brightness of color (r = 0.46). The results of the canonical analysis show that the measurement of all three metabolites in muscle juice allows the evaluation of the technological quality of meat with an accuracy of 86.54% (Rc = 0.93, p < 0.01).

Download Full-text

Evidence Against the Causal Relationship Between a Putative Cis-Regulatory Variant of MYH3 and Intramuscular Fat Content in Pigs

Frontiers in Veterinary Science ◽

10.3389/fvets.2021.672852 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Cong Huang ◽

Liepeng Zhong ◽

Xiaoxiao Zou ◽

Yizhong Huang ◽

Liping Cai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Causal Relationship ◽

Meat Quality ◽

Large Scale ◽

Intramuscular Fat ◽

Fat Content ◽

Commercial Application ◽

Large White ◽

Yorkshire Pigs ◽

Causal Mutation ◽

Intramuscular Fat Content

Improving meat quality has become the main goal of modern pig breeding. Intramuscular fat content (IMF) is an important trait influencing meat quality of livestock, but the molecular mechanism behind this trait is still unclear. Recently, Cho et al. reported the discovery of the first causal mutation affecting IMF and red flesh color (a*) in pigs, namely XM_013981330.2:g.−1805_−1810del, a 6-bp deletion variant in the porcine MYH3 promoter region. The objective of this study was to reassess the causality of this mutation for its potential commercial application. By Sanger sequencing, we firstly identified several new variants (including a 4-bp deletion) at or near the 6-bp deletion site, which formed four haplotypes in multiple breeds. Unexpectedly, the 6-bp deletion allele, previously determined as the MYH3 Q allele because of its significantly positive effect on IMF and a*, was found not only in Chinese indigenous breeds, but also in four western commercial breeds with relatively lower IMF levels, including Duroc, Large White, Landrace and Pietrain. More surprisingly, we found that the MYH3 Q allele and the haplotypes harboring it had no significant effects on IMF, marbling and color score in three large-scale divergent pig populations: the heterogeneous F6 and F7 pigs and commercial crossbred Duroc × (Landrace × Yorkshire) pigs. Transient transfection analysis in porcine satellite cells showed that the 6-bp deletion variants had a negligible effect on transcription of reporter gene, but could attenuate the MRF (myogenesis regulatory factors)-induced increase in luciferase activity of the MYH3 promoter vector. The MYH3 protein level in muscle did not differ significantly among the haplotype groups. Therefore, our results cannot support the causal relationship between the 6-bp deletion in MYH3 and IMF trait, suggesting that the causal mutation for the IMF QTL on SSC12 needs to be further identified.

Download Full-text

Effect of Intramuscular Fat Content on the Meat Quality and Antioxidative Dipeptides of Hanwoo Beef

The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition ◽

10.9799/ksfan.2013.26.1.117 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 117-124 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Cheorun Jo ◽

Dinesh D. Jayasena ◽

Dong-Gyun Lim ◽

Kyung-Haeng Lee ◽

Jong-Ju Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Meat Quality ◽

Intramuscular Fat ◽

Fat Content ◽

Intramuscular Fat Content

Download Full-text

Variability in the leptin, leptin receptor and heart fatty acid binding protein genes in relationship with meat quality traits in pigs

Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis ◽

10.11118/actaun200553040087 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 53 (4) ◽

pp. 87-94

Author(s):

Renata Mikolášová ◽

Tomáš Urban

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Fatty Acid Binding Protein ◽

Leptin Receptor ◽

Binding Protein ◽

Intramuscular Fat ◽

Fat Content ◽

Large White ◽

Fatty Acid Binding ◽

Acid Binding Protein ◽

Intramuscular Fat Content

The leptin (LEP-HinfI), leptin receptor (LEPR-HpaII) and heart fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP-HinfI) genes and their genotypes combination (LEP-HinfI *LEPR-HpaII) were tested for associations with the pH1, pH24, myoglobin content (mg/100 g), intramuscular fat content (%) and remission (%). The genotypes were determined in Large White, Landrace and Duroc breeds (n = 106, 56 and 4, respectively). The allele frequencies were: LEP-HinfI: C = 0.133 T = 0.867; LEPR-HpaII: A = 0.331 B = 0.669; H-FABP-HinfI: H = 0.745 h = 0.255. The populations of breeds were in the genetic equilibrium according to the χ2 test in the tested loci. The combinations of LEP-HinfI and LEPR-HpaII were significantly associated with the pH24 and remission. The H-FABP-HinfI locus was significantly associated with intramuscular fat content.

Download Full-text

Analysis of FTO and PLIN2 Polymorphisms in Relation to Carcass and Meat Quality Traits in Pigs

Annals of Animal Science ◽

10.2478/aoas-2018-0053 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 71-83 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Daniel Polasik ◽

Eva-Maria Kamionka ◽

Mirosław Tyra ◽

Grzegorz Żak ◽

Arkadiusz Terman

Keyword(s):

Meat Quality ◽

Fat Content ◽

Longissimus Dorsi ◽

Quality Traits ◽

Large White ◽

Meat Quality Traits ◽

Pcr Rflp ◽

Perilipin 2 ◽

Water Holding ◽

Intramuscular Fat Content

AbstractThe aim of this study was to analyze the association of polymorphisms in alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase (FTO) and perilipin 2 (PLIN2) genes with carcass and meat quality traits in pigs reared in Poland. The research covered 578 sows that belong to the following breeds: Duroc, Hampshire, Polish Landrace, Pietrain, Puławska and Polish Large White. FTO (FM244720:g.400C>G) and PLIN2 (GU461317:g.98G>A) genes variants were determined by means of PCR-RFLP and ACRS-PCR methods respectively. Association between individual genotypes and analyzed traits was calculated by means of GLM procedure for Polish Landrace, Polish Large White and Puławska breeds separately and for all six breeds together in case of FTO gene. The results showed that FTO variants were associated with weight of loin without backfat and skin (WL), loin eye area (AL) and meat percentage (MP) in Polish Large White (P≤0.05), mean backfat thickness from 5 measurements (BFT) and pH measured 45 min after slaughter in m. longissimus dorsi (pH24 ld) as well as with water holding-capacity (WHC) in Puławska breed (P≤0.01). PLIN2 genotypes, however were correlated with WL and height of the loin eye (HL) in Polish Large White and Puławska (P≤0.05), AL in Polish Large White (P≤0.01) as well as luminosity (L*) in Puławska (P≤0.05) pigs. We observed most consistent relationships of PLIN2 SNP with intramuscular fat content (IMF) and WHC. In 3 analyzed breeds GG genotype was connected with highest values of these traits (P≤0.05).

Download Full-text

Advances of Molecular Markers and Their Application for Body Variables and Carcass Traits in Qinchuan Cattle

Genes ◽

10.3390/genes10090717 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 717 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Sayed Haidar Abbas Raza ◽

Rajwali Khan ◽

Sameh A. Abdelnour ◽

Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack ◽

Asmaa F. Khafaga ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Meat Quality ◽

Intramuscular Fat ◽

Fat Content ◽

Housing System ◽

Eating Quality ◽

Beef Quality ◽

Qinchuan Cattle ◽

Balanced Diet ◽

The Individual ◽

Intramuscular Fat Content

This review considers the unique characteristics of Chinese cattle and intramuscular fat content (IMF) as factors influencing meat quality, including tenderness, flavor, and juiciness of meat. Due to its nutritional qualities, meat contributes to a healthy and balanced diet. The intramuscular fat content and eating quality of beef are influenced by many factors, which can generally be divided into on-farm and pre-slaughter factors (breed, sex of cattle, age at slaughter, housing system, diet, and pre-slaughter handling) and postmortem factors (post-slaughter processing, chilling temperature, and packaging). Meat quality traits can also be influenced by the individual genetic background of the animal. Worldwide, the function of genes and genetic polymorphisms that have potential effects on fattening of cattle and beef quality have been investigated. The use of DNA markers is recognized as a powerful and efficient approach to achieve genetic gain for desirable phenotypic characteristics, which is helpful for economic growth. The polymorphisms of the SIRT4, SIRT6, SIRT7, CRTC3, ABHD5, KLF6, H-FABP, and ELOVL6 genes for body and growth characteristics of cattle, and also for beef quality, are considered with the aim of highlighting the significance of beef intramuscular fat content, and that growth, body, and meat quality characteristics are polygenically regulated.

Download Full-text

Muscle transcriptome analysis identifies genes involved in ciliogenesis and the molecular cascade associated with intramuscular fat content in Large White heavy pigs

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0233372 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (5) ◽

pp. e0233372 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Martina Zappaterra ◽

Silvia Gioiosa ◽

Giovanni Chillemi ◽

Paolo Zambonelli ◽

Roberta Davoli

Keyword(s):

Transcriptome Analysis ◽

Intramuscular Fat ◽

Fat Content ◽

Large White ◽

Intramuscular Fat Content

Download Full-text

Meat quality of Angus, Simmental, Charolais and Limousin steers compared at the same intramuscular fat content

Meat Science ◽

10.1016/s0309-1740(02)00109-2 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 63 (4) ◽

pp. 491-500 ◽

Cited By ~ 119

Author(s):

A. Chambaz ◽

M.R.L. Scheeder ◽

M. Kreuzer ◽

P.-A. Dufey

Keyword(s):

Meat Quality ◽

Intramuscular Fat ◽

Fat Content ◽

Intramuscular Fat Content

Download Full-text

Dietary calcium supplementation promotes the accumulation of intramuscular fat

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology ◽

10.1186/s40104-021-00619-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Zhiwang Zhang ◽

Tingli Pan ◽

Yu Sun ◽

Siqi Liu ◽

Ziyi Song ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Meat Quality ◽

Calcium Supplementation ◽

Intramuscular Fat ◽

Dietary Calcium ◽

Fat Content ◽

C2c12 Cells ◽

Longissimus Dorsi ◽

Fat Accumulation ◽

Calcium Addition ◽

Intramuscular Fat Content

Abstract Background In the livestock industry, intramuscular fat content is a key factor affecting meat quality. Many studies have shown that dietary calcium supplementation is closely related to lipid metabolism. However, few studies have examined the relationship between dietary calcium supplementation and intramuscular fat accumulation. Methods Here, we used C2C12 cells, C57BL/6 mice (n = 8) and three-way cross-breeding pigs (Duroc×Landrace×Large white) (n = 10) to study the effect of calcium addition on intramuscular fat accumulation. In vitro, we used calcium chloride to adjust the calcium levels in the medium (2 mmol/L or 3 mmol/L). Then we measured various indicators. In vivo, calcium carbonate was used to regulate calcium levels in feeds (Mice: 0.5% calcium or 1.2% calcium) (Pigs: 0.9% calcium or 1.5% calcium). Then we tested the mice gastrocnemius muscle triglyceride content, pig longissimus dorsi muscle meat quality and lipidomics. Results In vitro, calcium addition (3 mmol/L) had no significant effect on cell proliferation, but promoted the differentiation of C2C12 cells into slow-twitch fibers. Calcium supplementation increased triglyceride accumulation in C2C12 cells. Calcium addition increased the number of mitochondria and also increased the calcium level in the mitochondria and reduced the of key enzymes activity involved in β-oxidation such as acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase. Decreasing mitochondrial calcium level can alleviate lipid accumulation induced by calcium addition. In addition, calcium addition also reduced the glycolytic capacity and glycolytic conversion rate of C2C12 cells. In vivo, dietary calcium supplementation (1.2%) promoted the accumulation of triglycerides in the gastrocnemius muscle of mice. Dietary calcium supplementation (1.5%) had no effect on pig weight, but significantly improved the flesh color of the longissimus dorsi muscle, reduced the backfat thickness and increased intramuscular fat content in pigs. Besides, calcium addition had no effect on longissimus dorsi pH, electrical conductivity and shear force. Conclusions These results suggest that calcium addition promotes intramuscular fat accumulation by inhibiting the oxidation of fatty acids. These findings provide a new tool for increasing intramuscular fat content and an economical strategy for improving meat quality.

Download Full-text

Haplotype analysis within quantitative trait locus affecting intramuscular fat content on porcine chromosome

Czech Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.17221/4414-cjas ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 56 (No. 12) ◽

pp. 521-528

Author(s):

S. Sato ◽

C. Ohnishi ◽

Y. Uemoto ◽

E. Kobayashi

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Trait ◽

Haplotype Analysis ◽

Intramuscular Fat ◽

Fat Content ◽

Porcine Chromosome ◽

Large White ◽

Positional Candidate ◽

Synonymous Substitutions ◽

Trait Locus ◽

Intramuscular Fat Content

Previous results of fine mapping for quantitative trait loci affecting intramuscular fat content identified a 3.0-Mb chromosome interval on porcine chromosome 7, which contains at least 9 genes, based on the pig genome assembly. Therefore, we proposed these nine genes (LOC100154481, LOC100155711, LOC100155276, SPATA7, PTPN21, ZCH14, EML5, TTC8, and FOXN3) as positional candidate genes. The coding exons of the nine genes were characterized, and 45 polymorphisms were detected in F<sub>2</sub> Duroc × Meishan population. Within the nine genes, 10 non-synonymous substitutions and 1 insertion were genotyped among three European breeds (Landrace, Large White, and Duroc) and 1 Chinese breed (Meishan). Genotyping data was used to perform the haplotype analysis. Polymorphisms were found in all the studied genes, except ZCH14. We surveyed the frequency of 33 haplotypes that formed non-synonymous substitutions in four breeds. One of them was distributed widely in the Landrace, Large White, and Meishan breeds, but not in Duroc. Each breed had different major haplotypes.  

Download Full-text