scholarly journals Alcohol Drinking by Husbands/Partners is Associated with Higher Intimate Partner Violence against Women in Angola

Safety ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanni Yaya ◽  
Bishwajit Ghose
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Alcohol Drinking ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Sub Saharan

Intimate partner violence (IPV), as the most prevalent form of violence against women, is a commonly encountered phenomenon across sub-Saharan African countries, including Angola. As a fast-growing economy, Angola is experiencing a booming alcohol industry and persistent IPV and women’s rights issues, along with weak prohibition and enforcement against this practice. However, so far, there is no systematic research investigating the predictors of IPV in Angola and whether spousal alcohol drinking has any relationship with women’s experience of IPV. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to assess the predictors of IPV (defined as physical, emotional, and sexual violence) among Angolan women with a special focus on their partners’ alcohol drinking habit. Cross-sectional data on 7669 women aged 15–49 years from the Angola Demographic and Health Survey were used for this study. Data were analyzed using descriptive and logistic regression methods. Results indicated that physical IPV (32.3%, 95% Confidence Interval = 30.3 to 34.5) was most prevalent, followed by emotional (27.3%, 95% CI = 25.3 to 29.4) and sexual IPV (7.4%, 95% CI = 6.6 to 8.4). In the multivariate analysis, higher education and household wealth status showed protective effects against certain forms of IPV. Alcohol drinking by husbands/partners was associated with significantly higher odds of experiencing physical [OR = 2.950; 95% CI = 2.632, 3.306], emotional [OR = 2.470; 95% CI = 2.187,2.789], and sexual IPV [OR = 2.729; 95% CI = 2.220, 3.354] among women. Women who reported experiencing physical IPV had increased odds of drinking alcohol [OR = 1.474; 95% CI = 1.290, 1.684] compared with those who did not. These findings reflect the widespread prevalence of IPV in sub-Saharan African countries. Special focus should be given to married men with alcohol drinking habits to reduce women’s vulnerability to IPV and dependence on alcohol use.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Possible Moderators of Alcohol-Related Intimate Partner Violence in Sub-Saharan Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-83
Author(s):  
Ekpenyong M.S. ◽  
Tawari E. P.2
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sub Saharan

Alcohol-related intimate partner violence (IPV) is a serious public health issue which has attracted a lot of research and debates. While some studies have reported the relationship between alcohol and IPV to be linear, others have reported threshold effects. While some studies have found the link to be strong, others have reported it to be weak or to show no association. The aim of this study was to determine the possible moderators on the alcohol-IPV link in sub-Saharan Africa. For the quantitative study, secondary analysis and meta-analysis were used to analyze cross-sectional data from the demographic and health surveys of ten countries in sub-Saharan Africa (Burkina Faso, Ghana, Kenya, Liberia, Malawi, Nigeria, Sao Tome and Principe, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe). Logistic regression analysis of possible moderators of the alcohol-IPV link was determined in ten sub-Saharan African countries. The nature of moderation was different among countries. The results of this study can be applied in planning country-specific and multi-faceted intervention programmes.

Determinants of Intimate Partner Violence in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Review of Prevention and Intervention Programs

Partner Abuse ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Ann McCloskey ◽  
Floretta Boonzaier ◽  
Sheila Young Steinbrenner ◽  
Theresa Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Past History ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Gender Role Beliefs ◽  
Sub Saharan

Intimate partner violence (IPV) in sub-Saharan Africa affects 36% of the population. Several African countries rank among the highest globally. In this article, we present evidence on the prevalence, determinants, and impact of IPV across several sub-Saharan African countries interpreted against the backdrop of social ecological theory. We also describe prevention or intervention programs tested in different regions of Africa, selecting only those programs which were published in a journal outlet and which met a high criteria of implementation and methodology (n = 7). Based on our review of the empirical literature, some risk factors for violence documented in Western societies are the same in Africa, including poverty, drinking, a past history of child abuse or posttraumatic stress disorder, and highly traditional gender role beliefs. Low education is also associated with IPV for both women and men. In Africa, partner abuse intersects with the HIV pandemic, making violence prevention especially urgent. African programs to prevent IPV are often incorporated with HIV prevention; community building and community engagement are emphasized more in Africa than in North America or Europe, which invoke more individually focused approaches. Some programs we review lowered HIV exposure in women; others contributed to reduced violence perpetration among men. The programs show sufficient promise to recommend replication and dissemination in sub-Saharan Africa.

Ethnicity and Intimate Partner Violence in Kenya

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 2958-2981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sitawa Kimuna ◽  
Eric Y. Tenkorang ◽  
Yanyi Djamba
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Kenyan Women ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Relationship

Anecdotal evidence in several sub-Saharan African countries, including Kenya, suggests a complex relationship between ethnicity and intimate partner violence (IPV). Yet very few studies examine the relationship between these two important variables. We use a sample of 4,512 ever-married women from the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey (KDHS) to explore the relationship between ethnicity and three dimensions of IPV (physical, sexual, and emotional) among Kenyan women. Results show significant relationships between ethnicity and physical, sexual, and emotional violence. Compared with Kikuyu women, Luo and Luhya women were significantly more likely to report having experienced all three types of violence. The addition of socioeconomic variables reduced the risks of experiencing IPV among Luo and Luhya women significantly, but not completely. These findings suggest that beyond their socioeconomic vulnerabilities, there may be some intrinsic cultural characteristics that expose Luo and Luhya women to IPV in Kenya.

scholarly journals A Comparative Analysis of Prevalence and Consistent Correlates of Intimate Partner Violence Against Women in Three West African Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 495-508
Author(s):  
Бамидэль Эммануэль Ола
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
West African ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Partner Violence Against Women

Intimate Partner Violence Against Women (IPVAW) is a global public health problem with huge social policy implications. A quick survey of current literature reveals that very little is known about women’s experiences of IPVAW in Africa as the majority of previous IPVAW studies have originated from Western, high-income countries, leaving us with questions about their theoretical relevance in low- and middle-income countries (LAMIC), such as those in sub-Saharan Africa. In this study, the author analyses nationally-representative Demographic and Health Surveys of three West African countries, involving a total of 27,306 currently-partnered women aged 15–49 years – in Gambia (2013, n=3,232), Nigeria (2013, n=20,152) and Sierra Leone (2013, n=3,922) – to report the magnitude and consistent correlates of IPVAW in these LAMIC. Data analysis involved preliminary spearman rank correlation and multivariate logistic regression models to comparatively ascertain consistent IPVAW factors across these countries. The result shows that many women still experience different forms of IPVAW in these countries. Lifetime IPVAW experience from the age of 15 ranged from 23.3 % in Nigeria, 24.5 % in the Gambia, to 50 % in Sierra Leone, while in the last 12 months IPVAW experience ranged from 12.2 % in Gambia, 19.2 % in Nigeria, to 34.6 % in Sierra Leone. Women witnessing parental violence during childhood and having a husband who manifests controlling behaviours were the most consistent factors significantly exposing women to IPVAW in all countries. However, women having tolerant attitudes towards wife-beating, the husband’s alcohol consumption and women earning more than their husbands were also positive corelates of IPVAW. The results suggest the need for urgent proactive actions to protect women from IPVAW in these West African countries. Other findings relevant for policy recommendations and interventions are discussed.

scholarly journals Re-examining the effects of drought on intimate-partner violence

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0254346
Author(s):  
Matthew Cooper ◽  
Austin Sandler ◽  
Sveva Vitellozzi ◽  
Yeyoung Lee ◽  
Greg Seymour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Apparent Paradox ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Heterogeneous Effects ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Effects Of Drought

Droughts are associated with several societal ills, especially in developing economies that rely on rainfed agriculture. Recently, researchers have begun to examine the effect of droughts on the risk of Intimate-Partner Violence (IPV), but so far this work has led to inconclusive results. For example, two large recent studies analyzed comparable data from multiple sub-Saharan African countries and drew opposite conclusions. We attempt to resolve this apparent paradox by replicating previous analyses with the largest data set yet assembled to study drought and IPV. Integrating the methods of previous studies and taking particular care to control for spatial autocorrelation, we find little association between drought and most forms of IPV, although we do find evidence of associations between drought and women’s partners exhibiting controlling behaviors. Moreover, we do not find significant heterogeneous effects based on wealth, employment, household drinking water sources, or urban-rural locality.

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