Good winds are expected!

Probably by cultural and historical reasons, Western Europe occupied the center of homeopathy research stage. It was in Western Europe that Hahnemann initially established the grounds of homeopathy, and also were Western European the researchers who have been trying to characterize the scientific bases behind high dilutions biological action ever since. Europe witnessed all phases of homeopathy development, its growth and also its decline, its time of glory as well as its many crises. Ideological divergences – sometimes grounded on irresponsible attitudes by homeopaths themselves, sometimes arising from skeptics pride and prejudice – gave rise to political and social movements against homeopathy. In spite of this, clinical and experimental evidences kept homeopathy alive as an important therapeutic option able to reunite low cost and efficacy provided its conceptual basis and limitations are observed. ... More than ever, HD research appears as an emergent and highly active field! And much work still needs to be done. The academic geography of HD research is changing. It is not a matter of replacing old by new research centers. As a fact, HD research is expanding its boundaries, its scientific community has started sharing responsibility and joining efforts. As any other scientific field, also HD research is building a critical mass, which is a sine qua non requirement for research to attain the quality demanded by contemporary science. New winds are blowing and they will surprise those little prepared or unexpecting.

The use of personal pronoun in Donald Trump’s speech

This study concerns with the use of personal pronouns in political speech. The aims of this study are to find out personal pronouns used in Donald Trump’s speech and their functions. The source of data of this research is the speech by Donald trump at 74th session of the united nation general assembly. This study used descriptive qualitative method. The result shows that Donald Trump used personal pronoun I to emphasize his authority and his good qualities such as confident, share experience, and opinion. Personal pronoun you is used to refer to a specific group when he wants to separate one group from other groups. He also used you to refer to general to avoid conflict. He used personal pronoun inclusive we to involve himself with the united nation member. He used exclusive we to show his good relation with other groups in sharing responsibility. He used personal pronouns they to make him and the united nation members less responsible for other groups activities.

Decision Making Capacity or How to Accept Patient’s Refusal for Orthodontic Treatment

Introduction: Communication in dentistry is bilateral process which usually is based on response (understanding) by the person. That’s why the Oral Healthcare Providers (OHP) should be convinced the consent given by the patient is valid. It means that at the beginning of the treatment the orthodontist will ask a lot of questions and have expectations to receive appropriate answers. There is a specific lack of awareness about the first orthodontic consultation at 7y of age, occurrence and prevention of most of the common tooth jaw discrepancies which affect the oral health, self-confidence and overall development of the child. A variety of socio-demographic, educational, personal and other factors mostly divided into objective and subjective factors influences the perception of facial attractiveness. The orthodontic treatment lays down on the personal desire and attitudes, depends from the motivation but is not without a risk for the patient. The aim of the current research is to present the most objective and subjective factors identifying the patient’s refusal. Material and methods: It’s a case report based on preliminary discussion and orthodontic consultation over the cephalometric analysis and cast models. Orthodontic treatment protocol was followed and given informed consent by the individual was received. Results and discussions: An electronic search was conducted using the Medline database (PubMed), Science Direct, and Scopus. In this case report were described the treatment options for Class III malocclusion with an emphasis on maxillary protraction and existing impacted canine 13. The decision making capacity was evaluated and also what are the objective and subjective factors and how to proceed with patient refusal. Conclusions: Despite the orthodontist’s efforts to improve the management of the dental practice and to attract new patients, these challenges should never been from the first importance. Contemporary dentistry requires that the patient’s right to refuse should be respected and this refusal must be accepted. Because orthodontic treatment is expensive, the process of returning money or sharing responsibility for the treatment depend on the socio-cultural characteristics of both the patient and the doctor. The whole situation requires a very delicate approach, as it affects the image of the dental community in society at whole.

Shared responsibility decreases the sense of agency in the human brain

Distributing responsibility across several individuals in social decisions helps minimize a burden of responsibility for consequences of decisions. Here we investigated the neural expression of this effect using magnetoencephalography (MEG). Participants performed a reward-based learning decision-making task in contexts where their sense of responsibility over outcomes decreased with group size. An MEG outcome processing effect was reduced as a function of decreasing responsibility at 200ms post outcome onset and centred over parietal and precentral brain regions. During social decisions, prior to outcome revelation, a motor preparation signature at 500ms after stimulus onset was attenuated. A boost in responsibility for positive outcomes in social contexts was associated with increased activity in regions related to social and reward processing. Together, these results show that sharing responsibility with others reduces agency through an influence on pre-outcome motor preparation and post-outcome processing, affording an opportunity for flexibility in credit for positive outcomes.

Psychological and pedagogical characteristics of a future first grader: kindergarten and school continuity problems

The article examines the psychological and pedagogical characteristics of a first grader as a continuity problem indicator between preschool and primary school education levels. The increase in the number of children with special educational needs, inclusion, and modernization of education put children, teachers, and parents in new socio-psychological conditions in which kindergarten graduates may have difficulties in passing the educational route. In preschool and school educational organizations, there are differences in the assessment of the child's psychophysical development specifics, there is a mismatch in the leading education and training lines. The authors show that the continuity problem is currently very relevant and contains problems of an organizational and methodological nature, sharing responsibility problems between a child, family, society, and educational organizations, as well as cooperation problems of all participants in the children transition from one education stage to another. According to the research data, more than a third of future first-graders may fall into the risk group for possible school maladjustment. More than half of children have impaired hand-to-eye coordination and a high level of anxiety. The revealed relative disadvantage indicators of the children's psychophysical development indicate the need for meaningful cooperation between kindergarten teachers, educational institutions, and parents to create conditions for success in the continuity of various stages for adequate readiness for school for each child. The main areas of interaction can be the kindergarten teachers-psychologists training in early prevention of school maladjustment, psychological and pedagogical education of parents of future first-graders on school readiness, and increasing the kindergarten teachers competence in working with children with special educational needs.

Finland

This chapter offers an in-depth look at health politics and the health system in Finland, which combines universal tax-financed health services provided by municipalities, national health insurance coverage for private provision, and an occupational healthcare system for those in employment. The chapter traces the development of the Finnish healthcare system, characterized by a long history of state and municipal governments sharing responsibility for organizing health services and multichannel healthcare delivery. The need to control costs, maintain financial sustainability, and ensure equitable access has underpinned political debate, but large-scale structural reform has been impeded. As the chapter shows, reform priorities have been advanced under the guise of more technical issues, such as public sector and administrative reform or, increasingly, choice, competition, and engagement with the private sector as means for change. Furthermore, via local measures such as cooperation among municipalities the system is gradually moving towards a more centralized organization without major reform. Widespread support for universal healthcare provision means that politics have focused to a large extent on how universal access is to be achieved, rather than whether the system should be universal.

Ensuring administration of first dose of antibiotics within the golden hour of management in neonates with sepsis

Administration of first dose of antibiotics within the golden hour in infants with sepsis is critical. Delays can increase mortality. During our observations as part of antibiotic stewardship programme in inborn neonatal unit, we found a significant delay in the administration of first dose of antibiotics from the decision time. We set up a quality improvement team to improve the proportion of neonates with sepsis, who received first dose of antibiotics within 1 hour of decision, from 0% to 80% over 2 months.We included inborn neonates requiring initiation or upgradation of antibiotics for a diagnosis of sepsis, from 1 May to 30 November 2018. We assessed the root causes behind delayed administration and found the lack of immediate availability of blood culture bottles, lack of awareness and busy clinical area as the major contributors to the delays in first dose. Various change ideas like ensuring prior availability of blood culture bottles, sensitising nursing staff and resident doctors, utilisation of hospital attendants and sharing responsibility of drawing culture between team members were tested through plan–do–study–act (PDSA) cycles.The proportion of neonates receiving first dose of antibiotics within 1 hour increased from 0% to 91% over the study period and was sustained at 92% after 6 months. There was a significant reduction in median (IQR) time interval between decision and first dose from 120 (100–290) to 45 (30–60) min (p<0.001) and after 6 months, it further decreased to 30 (30–45) min. We achieved significant improvement in administration of first dose of antibiotics within 1 hour of decision, by using system analysis and testing change ideas in sequential PDSA cycles.

Towards an asean Model of ‘Responsibility-Sharing’ for Refugees and Asylum-Seekers

The Andaman Sea crisis of 2015 focused global attention on asean’s response to mass refugee flows and generated calls for greater regional cooperation to protect the rights and safety of forced migrants. Such calls draw from the concept of ‘responsibility-sharing’; a concept that has long underpinned the international refugee regime. Scholars have responded to this challenge by identifying a range of ways in which asean countries might benefit from sharing responsibility for the refugees and asylum-seekers in their region. Based on interviews with 40 key asean-based actors working on migration and refugee issues across the governmental and non-governmental sectors, this article seeks to understand how the concept of responsibility-sharing for refugee protection is understood in four Southeast Asian countries: Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia and Singapore. While it finds common agreement among the interviewees that the Andaman Sea crisis was a humanitarian disaster and that existing approaches to refugee issues in the region are ineffective, it also finds little to suggest that a regional approach to refugee issues is likely to develop in the short-to-medium term. On the other hand, interviewees identified a wide range of mechanisms through which bilateral, multilateral and global initiatives might assist the region to deal with refugee and asylum issues. Linking refugee issues with other issues that concern asean Member States and incremental progress towards embedding regional human rights norms via asean human rights institutions are identified as the most fruitful pathways towards regional cooperation to protect refugee rights and safety.