scholarly journals Keeping Lily Safe: An Autoethnographic Exploration of Human–Animal Attachment during Adversity

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Lee
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Critical Incident ◽  
Family Status ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Same Sex Couples ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour ◽  
Self Knowledge ◽  
Human Animal ◽  
Pet Owner ◽  
The Relationship

This article is an autoethnographic examination of my experiences as a pet owner during a particularly challenging time in my life. Beginning with a summary of a critical incident, it shows the way in which fears for the safety of my pet cat, Lily, and my relationship with her impacted my health, wellbeing and identity. Depicting self-knowledge as partial, local and culturally located, I deconstruct the relationship I had with Lily in relation to the particular set of circumstances in which it was situated. I was seen by my doctor and prescribed a course of cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) during this period, and so, my account draws on my medical records, CBT notes and my CBT thought diary in an attempt to understand how and why my anxiety was manifested in my concern for Lily. The article calls for cognitive behaviour therapists to carefully evaluate external stressors before fears are dismissed irrational and reformulated as alternative thoughts. This article also demonstrates that familiesare diverse, and there are many ways of ‘doing family’. For many heterosexual and same-sex couples, pets give stability to a partnership and elevate it to family status, if only within the privacy of the home. Human–animal attachments can be comparable to human–human attachments, and where attachments to pets are as strong as those toward humans, fear of harm can be devastating.

Personality, Pain, Addiction: A New View in Pain Coping Strategies in Relation to Personality Traits in Substance Abusers

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
A. Homayouni ◽  
A. Khanmohammadi ◽  
G.A. Nikpour ◽  
M. Ahmadian ◽  
S.J. Mosavi Amiri
Keyword(s):  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Substance Abusers ◽  
Pain Coping ◽  
Pain Sensation ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction and aim:According to recent research about treatment of diseases, pain coping strategies or management of pain can play important role in pain decrease and treatment of disease. But there is a few documented article or reference that imply to pain coping strategies specially in relation to personality in substance abusers. So this pilot study was to assess the relationship between pain coping strategies and personality traits in substance abusers.Method:50 addicted were randomly selected and Rosenstein & Keefe's Pain Coping Strategies Questionnaire (PCSQ) and Mc Care & Costa's NEO PI-R inventory were administered on them. PCSQ assesses six pain coping strategies: diverting attention, reinterpretation pain sensation, self -negotiation, ignoring pain, disastrous thought and praying-hoping and NEO assesses five personality traits: Neuroticism, Extroversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Openness to experience.Results:Finding showedthe are positive significant relationship between neuroticism and disastrous thought, negative significant relationship between agreeableness and disastrous thought, negative significant relationship between neuroticism and diverting attention, positive significant relationship between extroversion and conscientiousness and diverting attention.Discussion:With regard to findings it is recomended that in addition to drug treatment, for changing the attitudes and thinking in addicts, psychiatrits and psychologists apply psychological treatments specially cognitive - behaviour therapy to reduce bad and abnormal thinking level about pain so that the lenght during of treatment declince and as a results reduce the personality problems that is related with addiction before and in during drug treatment.

scholarly journals Cognitive behaviour therapy and inflammation: A systematic review of its relationship and the potential implications for the treatment of depression

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 565-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian L Lopresti
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Treatment Response ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Inflammatory Marker ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: There is growing evidence confirming increased inflammation in a subset of adults with depression. The impact of this relationship has mostly been considered in biologically based interventions; however, it also has potential implications for psychological therapies. Cognitive behaviour therapy is the most commonly used psychological intervention for the treatment of depression with theories around its efficacy primarily based on psychological mechanisms. However, cognitive behaviour therapy may have an effect on, and its efficacy influenced by, physiological processes associated with depression. Accordingly, the purpose of this systematic review was to examine the relationship between cognitive behaviour therapy and inflammation. Method: Studies examining the anti-inflammatory effects of cognitive behaviour therapy in people with depression and other medical conditions (e.g. cancer, diabetes and heart disease) were examined. In addition, the relationship between change in inflammatory markers and change in depressive symptoms following cognitive behaviour therapy, and the influence of pre-treatment inflammation on cognitive behaviour therapy treatment response were reviewed. Results: A total of 23 studies investigating the anti-inflammatory effects of cognitive behaviour therapy were identified. In 14 of these studies, at least one reduction in an inflammatory marker was reported, increases were identified in three studies and no change was found in six studies. Three studies examined the relationship between change in inflammation and change in depressive symptoms following cognitive behaviour therapy. In two of these studies, change in depressive symptoms was associated with a change in at least one inflammatory marker. Finally, three studies examined the influence of pre-treatment inflammation on treatment outcome from cognitive behaviour therapy, and all indicated a poorer treatment response in people with higher premorbid inflammation. Conclusion: Preliminary evidence suggests inflammation should be considered within the context of cognitive behaviour therapy, although robust studies examining the relationship are sparse, and heterogeneity between studies and populations examined was high. The potential treatment implications of the bi-directional relationship between inflammation and cognitive behaviour therapy are discussed, and recommendations for future research are proposed.

The relationship between social support, depression and treatment for depression in people with multiple sclerosis

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 533-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. MOHR ◽  
C. CLASSEN ◽  
M. BARRERA
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Perceived Support ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Structural Support ◽  
Physical Support ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour ◽  
The Relationship

Background. Studies have been fairly consistent in finding a relationship between social support and depression. However, little is known about the relationship between depression and social support in the context of treatment for depression. This study examined the effects of treatment for depression on social support among patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).Method. Sixty-three moderately depressed MS patients received 16 weeks of cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT), supportive expressive group psychotherapy (SEGP) or sertraline. Depression was measured using the Beck Depression Inventory and social support was measured using Arizona Social Support Interview Schedule.Results. Treatment for depression was associated with significant increases in perceived social support, utilized social support and satisfaction with support, as well as reduction in need for emotional support. There were no significant changes in structural support or need for physical support. There were also no differences in change in social support across treatments. All changes in social support were fully explained by depression. Improvements in utilized social support and satisfaction with social support were fully mediated by improvements in depression. Baseline depression predicted improvements in perceived support and need for emotional support.Conclusions. These findings suggest that improvements in social support among MS patients during treatment for depression can be explained by depression. However, different domains of social support may be differentially sensitive to changes in depression.

scholarly journals Capturing the personal through the lens of the professional: The use of external data sources in autoethnography

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 205979911982557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Lee
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Identity ◽  
Critical Incident ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Professional Identities ◽  
Discursive Practices ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
External Data ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

This article shows how external data sources can be utilised in autoethnographic research. Beginning with an account of a critical incident that examines the incompatibility of private and professional identities, I show how, through the collection of data sources, I capture the impact of homophobic and heteronormative discursive practices on health, wellbeing and identity. In the critical incident, I explore how I prospered as a teacher at a British village school for almost 10 years by censoring my sexuality and carefully managing the intersection between my private and professional identities. However, when a malicious and homophobic neighbour and parent of children at the school exposed my sexuality to the Headteacher, I learned the extent to which the rural school community privileged and protected the heteronormative discourse. A poststructuralist theoretical framework underpins this article. My experience of being a subject is understood as the outcome of discursive practices. Sexual identity, teacher identity and autoethnographer identity are understood to be fluid, and constantly produced and reproduced in response to social, cultural and political influences. The article describes how email correspondence, medical records and notes from a course of cognitive behaviour therapy were deployed to augment my personal recollection and give a depth and richness to the narrative. As the critical incident became a police matter, examination takes place of how I sought to obtain and utilise data from the police national computer in the research. Attempts to collect data from the police and Crown Prosecution Service were problematic and provided an unexpected development in the research and offered additional insight into the nature of the British rural community and its police force.

Are we as good as we think we are? Self-assessment versus other forms of assessment of competence in psychotherapy

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona M. Mathieson ◽  
Tracey Barnfield ◽  
Graeme Beaumont
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Direct Assessment ◽  
Supervisor Ratings ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Assessment Of Competence ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe Oracle of Delphi's admonition to ‘know thyself’ may be more difficult than it seems, when it comes to self-assessment of competence in cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT). This paper investigates the accuracy of self-rating of competence in relation to other measures such as ‘direct’ assessment of videotaped sessions or supervisor ratings. Self-assessment of competence is something most of us do and arguably has an important role in professional development, but it may also be biased and unreliable. Two measures were developed, based on the Cognitive Therapy Scale – Revised, to assess student and supervisor assessments of competence at the start and end of a CBT training course. Competence data across a range of measures from a 5-year audit of a postgraduate CBT course is presented and the relationship between self-rated and other-rated measures explored. Results are discussed and it is suggested that trainee self-assessment, while not found in this study to be correlated with other measure of competence, may provide important information about confidence development, and areas where a trainee perceives they have strengths and weaknesses.

Trainee self-assessment of cognitive behaviour therapy competence during and after training

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Beale ◽  
Sheena Liness ◽  
Colette R. Hirsch
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
List Type ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour ◽  
Expert Ratings ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Large-scale cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) training and implementation programmes, such as the pioneering Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) initiative in the UK, aim to develop a workforce of competent therapists who can deliver evidence-based interventions skilfully. Self-awareness of competence enables CBT therapists to accurately evaluate their clinical practice and determine professional development needs. The accuracy of self-assessed competence, however, remains unclear when compared with assessments conducted by markers with expertise in CBT practice and evaluation. This study investigated the relationship between self- and expert-rated competence – assessed via therapy recordings rated on the Cognitive Therapy Scale Revised (CTS-R) scale – for a large sample of IAPT CBT trainees during training and, for the first time, at post-training follow-up. CBT trainees (n = 150) submitted therapy recordings at baseline, mid-training and end-of-training. At 12+ month follow-up, a subset of former trainees (n = 30) submitted recordings from clinical practice. There were positive relationships (r = .27 to .56) between self and expert CTS-R scores at all time points. The proportion of tapes demonstrating significant agreement between self and expert ratings (CTS-R difference <5 points) increased significantly across training and remained stable at follow-up. Findings indicate that accurate self-awareness of competence can be developed during structured CBT training and retained in the workplace. These outcomes are encouraging given the importance of self-awareness to CBT practice and accreditation. Future investigation into the development and maintenance of accurate self-awareness of competence is warranted. Key learning aims (1) What is the relationship between self-ratings and expert ratings of CBT competence during training and at post-training follow-up? (2) Does agreement between self and expert competence ratings improve with CBT training? (3) How does agreement between self and expert ratings change across training for more- and less-competent trainees? (4) Can accurate self-awareness of competence be retained post-training in the workplace?

The Relationship Between Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Panic Disorder: A Case Study

1998 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 237-243
Author(s):  
Tracey Wade ◽  
Megan Jones
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
General Anxiety ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
The Relationship

Evidence suggests that cognitive behaviour therapy is the treatment of choice for both irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and panic disorder (PD). The present study examines the treatment issues relating to a woman diagnosed with both IBS and PD (with agoraphobia), where therapy for PD was disrupted by IBS symptoms. Group therapy was then initiated for IBS, and this was associated with a large decrease in general anxiety and depression, and an increase in confidence concerning management of the pain caused by the IBS. This finding is discussed with respect to its possible implications for the treatment of people suffering both IBS and PD.

scholarly journals A cognitive behavioural perspective on the relationship between childhood trauma and psychosis

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 294-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony P. Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Severe Trauma ◽  
Change Strategies ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Shared Understandings ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThis editorial reviews the relationship between childhood trauma and the development of psychosis in adulthood. There are numerous studies, including large, prospective studies, which clearly support a link between childhood adversity and experience of psychosis later in life. There is also evidence that there is a dose response relationship, and that childhood trauma is particularly associated with the experience of hallucinations and delusional ideas. It is possible that psychosis is a relatively understandable response to the experience of severe trauma, and recent cognitive models of psychosis can help to explain the underlying mechanisms in such a causal relationship. There are obvious treatment implications, which include the need to assess histories of childhood trauma in people with psychosis, the incorporation of trauma in shared understandings of psychosis with service users, the incorporation of change strategies in cognitive behaviour therapy for psychosis that are derived from evidence-based approaches to the treatment of trauma and PTSD, and the prevention of traumatisation by mental health services.Declaration of Interest: None.

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