scholarly journals A Comparative Study of En Route Refuelling Behaviours of Conventional and Electric Vehicles in Beijing, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 3869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengxiang Zhuge ◽  
Chunfu Shao ◽  
Xia Li
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Waiting Times ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Electric Driving ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Charging Stations ◽  
Beijing China

A comparative study is carried out to investigate the differences among conventional vehicles (CVs), battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) in the maximum acceptable time of diverting to a refuelling station, maximum acceptable time of queueing at a refuelling station, refuelling modes and desirable electric driving ranges, using Beijing, China, as a case study. Here, several multinomial logit (MNL) models are developed to relate the diverting and waiting times to individual attributes. The results suggest that, (1) the diverting time roughly follows a normal distribution for both CVs and electric vehicles (EVs), but the difference between them is slight; (2) EVs tend to bear longer waiting time above 10 min; (3) the MNL models indicate that income and the level of education tend to be more statistically significant to both the diverting and waiting times; (4) the most preferred driving ranges obtained for BEVs and PHEVs are both around 50 km, indicating that EV drivers may just prefer to charge for a specific time ranging from 8 to 10 min. Finally, ways to apply the empirical findings in planning refuelling and charging stations are discussed with specific examples.

scholarly journals Empirical Analysis of Parking Behaviour of Conventional and Electric Vehicles for Parking Modelling: A Case Study of Beijing, China

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 3073 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuge ◽  
Shao ◽  
Li
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Agent Based Modelling ◽  
Parking Lot ◽  
Range Anxiety ◽  
Driving Range ◽  
Beijing China ◽  
Walking Time

An empirical study of the parking behaviour of Conventional Vehicles (CVs), Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs), and Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) was carried out with the data collected in a paper-based questionnaire survey in Beijing, China. The study investigated the factors that might influence the parking behaviour, with a focus on the maximum acceptable time of walking from parking lot to trip destination, parking fee, the availability of charging posts, the state of charge of EVs and the range anxiety of BEVs. Several Multinomial Logit (MNL) models were developed to explore the relationships between individual attributes and parking choices. The results suggest that (1) the maximum acceptable walking time generally increases with the rise in the amount of saving for parking fee; (2) the availability of charging posts does not influence the maximum acceptable walking time when PHEVs and BEVs have sufficient charge, but the percentage of people willing to walk longer than eight minutes increases from around 35% to 46% when PHEVs are in a low stage of charge; (3) more than half of BEV drivers want the driving range of their vehicles to be one and a half times the driving distance before they depart, given the distance is 50 km. Based on the empirical findings above, a conceptual framework was proposed to explicitly simulate the parking behaviour of both CVs and EVs using agent-based modelling.

scholarly journals Simulation of Future Electric Vehicle Charging Behavior—Effects of Transition from PHEV to FEV

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igna Vermeulen ◽  
Jurjen Rienk Helmus ◽  
Mike Lees ◽  
Robert van den Hoed
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Charging Infrastructure ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Electric Vehicle Charging ◽  
Subsidy Scheme ◽  
Infrastructure Performance ◽  
Charging Stations

The Netherlands is a frontrunner in the field of public charging infrastructure, having one of the highest number of public charging stations per electric vehicle (EV) in the world. During the early years of adoption (2012–2015), a large percentage of the EV fleet were plugin hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) due to the subsidy scheme at that time. With an increasing number of full electric vehicles (FEVs) on the market and a current subsidy scheme for FEVs only, a transition of the EV fleet from PHEV to FEV is expected. This is hypothesized to have an effect on the charging behavior of the complete fleet, and is reason to understand better how PHEVs and FEVs differ in charging behavior and how this impacts charging infrastructure usage. In this paper, the effects of the transition of PHEV to FEV is simulated by extending an existing agent-based model. Results show important effects of this transition on charging infrastructure performance.

The Use of Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles for Peak Shaving

2015 ◽  
Vol 138 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles G. Tse ◽  
Benjamin A. Maples ◽  
Frank Kreith
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Feasibility Analysis ◽  
Energy Availability ◽  
Peak Shaving ◽  
Charging Station ◽  
Sufficient Energy ◽  
Financial Investments ◽  
Hybrid Electric ◽  
Charging Stations

This article is a feasibility analysis of using the batteries in plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) for peak shaving. The analysis focuses on energy availability of the PHEV fleet as well as the financial savings to the utilities by analyzing different charging scenarios and circuitry. The energy availability and the financial savings are heavily dependent on the location and availability of charging stations. Three charging scenarios are analyzed: charging is possible at any time; cars can only be charged overnight; and charging can be done overnight and twice during the day at the place of work for cars used for commuting. The major findings of the study are that charging only overnight will not provide sufficient energy when needed, but both other charging mechanisms can provide effective peak shaving. The charging anytime would require funding a large number of charging station, but charging overnight and at work could be accomplished with relative minor financial investments. The savings from peak shaving could be used for incentives to offset the extra cost of batteries in plug-in electric vehicles (EVs).

Impact of Residential and Public Charging Stations of Electric Vehicles on Distribution System by Stochastic Simulation

2015 ◽  
Vol 1092-1093 ◽  
pp. 375-380
Author(s):  
Suthida Ruayariyasub ◽  
Sompon Sirisumrannukul ◽  
Suksan Wangsatitwong
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Stochastic Approach ◽  
Local Distribution ◽  
Battery Charging ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Charging Stations ◽  
The Impact

This paper investigates the impact of electric vehicles battery charging on the distribution system load if electric vehicles (EVs) are widespread used on roads. Stochastic approach based on a Monte Carlo method is developed in this study to simulate EVs charging load in two cases: 1) normal charge service at home, and 2) quick charge service at public charging stations. To demonstrate the model, a 22-kV distribution system of Pattaya City operated by Provincial Electricity Authority of Thailand (PEA) is employed in the case study. The results indicate the capability of the proposed model to exhibit the impact of EVs charging load on the local distribution system.

The Use of Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles for Peak Shaving

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles G. Tse ◽  
Benjamin A. Maples ◽  
Frank Kreith
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Feasibility Analysis ◽  
Energy Availability ◽  
Peak Shaving ◽  
Charging Station ◽  
Sufficient Energy ◽  
Financial Investments ◽  
Hybrid Electric ◽  
Charging Stations

This article is a feasibility analysis of using the batteries in Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) for peak shaving. The analysis focuses on energy availability of the PHEV fleet as well as the financial savings to the utilities by analyzing different charging scenarios and circuitry. The energy availability and the financial savings are heavily dependent on the location and availability of charging stations. Three charging scenarios are analyzed: charging is possible at any time; cars can only be charged overnight; charging can be done overnight and twice during the day at the place of work for cars that are used for commuting. The major findings of the study are that charging only overnight will not provide sufficient energy when needed, but both other charging mechanisms can provide effective peak shaving. The charging anytime would require funding a large number of charging station, but charging overnight and at work could be accomplished with relative minor financial investments. The savings from peak shaving could be used for incentives to offset the extra cost of batteries in plug-in electric vehicles.

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