How the UK government plans to transform infrastructure performance this decade

Delivering transformational outcomes for Britain through infrastructure investment needs a revolution, says Nicholas Yandle of the Infrastructure and Projects Authority. A new roadmap describes what civil engineers should be aiming for and the action required to get there.

Infrastructure Service Assessment Model Based on a Service Quality Gap Model—Focused on South Korea

To improve the quality of life (QOL) of the citizen, it is essential to not only to secure a quantitative stock, such as the number or extension of individual infrastructure, but to also understand the perspective of the public on service levels and the demand for infrastructure. In this study, an infrastructure service level assessment model that reflects the demands of citizens is proposed, and the importance and adequacy of infrastructure service indexes for setting priorities and goals for the investment of government funds in infrastructure are verified. The evaluation items used in this model included usability, accessibility, and recovery speed. The infrastructure service level for 12,500 Korean citizens was surveyed using the proposed assessment model, and the results reveal that the satisfaction of citizens with their residences had a significant effect on the QOL improvement, and that the level of infrastructure performance in a residential area significantly affected the satisfaction of citizens with their residences. In addition, the results revealed that the quantitative and qualitative aspects of infrastructure should be simultaneously considered. Lastly, the possible application of this model for the evaluation of the effectiveness of investment for infrastructure improvement is proposed.

Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis for spatially distributed infrastructure considering the correlation of spectral acceleration across spectral periods

Regional seismic hazard analyses are necessary to assess the infrastructure performance within a region and ensure that mitigation funds are utilized effectively by probabilistically considering the suite of potential earthquake events. This research aims to efficiently represent the regional seismic hazard through a compact set of seismic inputs in the form of spectral acceleration (SA) maps by considering the spatial cross-correlation of SA at a wide period range. The SA maps can then be used to probabilistically estimate the performance of a portfolio of spatially distributed structures with different fundamental periods. Efficient representation reduces the number of required SA maps to decrease the computational demands of the infrastructure performance analysis in the subsequent steps. The added dimension of the between-period spatial SA correlation exacerbates the challenge of effectively simulating and selecting a set of SA maps to reproduce the hazard curves particularly at long return periods. Two approaches are proposed to generate an optimal set of SA maps: (a) a simulation-based methodology that uses state-of-the-art variance reduction methods and (b) a simplified methodology that aims to increase the ease of use and reduce the computational demands of the simulation. The two approaches are implemented and compared using the city of San Francisco as a case study to illustrate their feasibility. The simplified approach increases the scalability of the methodology to larger study areas at the expense of reduced accuracy in terms of seismic hazard curve and SA correlation errors.

Nature-based Solutions in Latin America and the Caribbean: Financing Mechanisms for Regional Replication

Innovative financing models are emerging globally to advance nature-based solutions (NBS) that can cost-effectively enhance infrastructure performance, meet Sustainable Development Goals, and mitigate the negative impacts of climate change. Despite the potential for NBS to generate attractive returns and provide significant cost-savings, these financing models remain underutilized. Consequently, NBS are not achieving their full potential and a tranche of pent up green capital is sidelined. This report highlights five proven NBS financing strategies that leverage private finance: green bonds, blended market-rate and concessional loans, land-based financing strategies, insurance policies, and endowments. This report also outlines current barriers to the successful scaling of these financing strategies in Latin America and the Caribbean and identifies the approaches and enabling conditions needed to overcome them.

Re-designing of the bottleneck on Suryanata Street Samarinda City East Kalimantan

Some indicators of traffic problems like congestion, pollution and accident become the benchmark to evaluate the infrastructure performance. One kind of problem that often happened are the Bottleneck problems. In this kind of condition, the capacity of one side of the road is lower than before condition. On the other hand, in the process of landscape design of bottleneck deciding only by the availability of the space and those kinds of condition are not getting research by some specialist. The purpose of this research is to analyze the design parameter to enhance the capacity so case we can decreasing the number of congestion in a significant way. This research has taken place in Suryanata Street, Samarinda City. This research uses the model of Greenshield Linear, Greenberg Logarithmic, and Exponential Underwood to state the relationship between the performance of Traffic, Volume, Speed, and Density so we can decide the best model to analyze the shock wave that is using to design the parameter that effecting the design of bottleneck road area. Meanwhile, the pollution that can identify it consist of: CO (in the part of Per Million / PMM), NOX (calculate in Cubic meter / M3) and level of smoke (calculate in Cubic Meter / M3) with using the model of Hobbs (1979). Re-designing will be implemented to get the optimal performance infrastructure in the research location, and evaluate those kinds of terms. The result of the research got three design parameters in the Bottleneck area. There are track width, length of the road, and traffic volume. From the result analysis, the researcher is doing the Re-designing in the bottleneck area of the research location by using the parameter performance of congestion, specifically on delayed and pollution, like CO, NOX and level of smoke. Based on the re-designing, we can be decreasing the delay in the amount of 29.31% decreasing the number of NOX by 25.03% on CO we can be decreasing in the amount of 14.88% and also decreasing the level of smoke by 11.94%.

Economic Turbulence and EaaS Grid Computing

Market turbulence with fiscal investment influences has altered IT infrastructure performance as business pursue extravagant new technology adoption. Yet, few studies have examined how shareware solution goes beyond Medium Size Enterprise that pushes efficiency and sustainability. This PLS-SEM integrated with dual primary compilation approach lessens shallow perceptions coupled with outlooks that streamline each phenomenal activity that is worthy of the necessity for competitive innovation. This unified model was applied to sampling respondents and analyzed using an ordinal regression relationship that generates a robust association that triggers the hypothesis acceptance. The adopting of BOINC shareware mesh network towards unified processing designs that were employed to build the yield by promising financial possibility using coordinated interworks hence improved group accomplishment and establishing greater esteem. This paper showcases a flexible inner IT infrastructure alongside the economic uncertainty with the framework advancement for Exostructure as a Service. Associated theoretical and practical implications were discussed.

REVIEW OF THE NATURAL PHENOMENON AND HUMAN INTERVENTION THAT AFFECT THE CONDITION OF RIVER PERFORMANCE AND INFRASTRUCTURE

The river's ability in flowing water has been there naturally. The benchmarks of river ability in carrying out the function are mentioned as the river performance; however, the benchmarks of river infrastructure ability in carrying out the function are mentioned as the river infrastructure performance. This study intends to review some aspects of the previous research related to river performance and infrastructure. The methodology consists of reviewing several acts and relevant previous research that some aspects have been proved to influence the river performance and infrastructure. The aspects are classified into two categories: 1) technical aspect that is directly affecting the river performance (come from the nature condition); and 2) non-technical aspect that is indirectly affecting the river performance (come from human intervention). The result shows that: 1) The technical aspects affecting the river performance and infrastructure are erosion, sedimentation, slope, infiltration, morphology, and vegetation surrounding the river; 2) The non-technical aspects that are affecting the river performance and infrastructure consists of land use, residential density, trash, operation and maintenance of river, human activity, and government policy.

Improving Mean Time Before Failure MTBF in Oil and Gas Wells by Analyzing Corrosion Barriers

Pipelines and downhole assembly are one of the important means for transportation of oil and gas from subsurface to the processing facility. The health of pipelines, downhole pumps, and tubulars is severely endangered by the electrochemical deterioration, which will be discussed in the context of the working environment. Major causes of pitting corrosion will be discussed, along with the damage caused to sucker rods traversing down to the pump for Rod Pump wells. Inspection and monitoring techniques for pipeline and downhole tubular are envisaged, for making corrosion decisive tree, a unique method for risk assessment. Common corrosion protection methods are considered along with an innovative method of pH stabilization. A self-improved corrosion management process is brought out at the end. Oil and gas companies use a certain percentage of their annual income to protect against corrosion on average. Fading infrastructure, performance improvement, cost, and safety are critical for corrosion control. Inspection and monitoring techniques are not sufficient enough to estimate future performance. By assimilating inspection, monitoring, mitigation, and prediction techniques, an extensive corrosion-management program can be developed. Corrosion barriers are assembled to prevent the failure of age-old infrastructure. Remedial actions taken subsequently, can then be followed strictly to counterwork against the effects of corrosion barriers, thereby helping to assure the structural integrity of production system. Mean Time Before Failure (MTBF) can be significantly improved by following this methodology as discussed in a case. Go-gauging and inhibitor wash for tubular, is the recommended method for operators in extracting subsurface oil from a corrosive environment without failure. pH stabilization method is the most effective method for substantially reducing the corrosion rate in gas condensate pipelines at offshore. Corrosion decisive tree assesses the risk involved in corrosion, and corrosion management is an arrangement of barricades to impede material failure.