scholarly journals A Sustainable Way of Fertilizer Recommendation Based on Yield Response and Agronomic Efficiency for Chinese Cabbage

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 4368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuan ◽  
Zheng ◽  
Sun ◽  
Wang ◽  
Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Cabbage ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Relative Yield ◽  
Quadratic Function ◽  
Nutrient Supply ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Agronomic Efficiency ◽  
Fertilizer Recommendation ◽  
Indigenous Nutrient Supply

Chemical fertilizer plays an irreplaceable role in raising vegetable output and improving the livelihood of people in China. Chinese cabbage (Brassica chinensis L.) is one of the most common vegetables with a wide planting area. However, there are problems such as the excessive and blind application of chemical fertilizers, which bring about the increase of planting cost and the risk of environmental pollution. So, it is urgent to improve fertilization methods and improve fertilizer use efficiency, aiming to promote the sustainable development of agriculture. In this study, multi-year and multi-site experiments were retrieved from the published literature and public scientific research institutions to study a sustainable fertilizer recommendation method for Chinese cabbage based on yield response and agronomic efficiency. The results showed that the average indigenous nutrients supply of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) were 112.98, 35.03, and 213.15 kg/ha, respectively. It is suggested that these nutrients should not be neglected in the process of fertilizer recommendation. The average yield responses to N, P2O5, and K2O were 26.6, 13.9, and 16.6 t/ha, the relative yields were 0.70, 0.84, and 0.84; also, it was concluded that the agronomic efficiencies were 114.3, 108.5, and 89.4 kg/kg on average, respectively. From these datasets, the theoretical basis of recommended fertilization was established. It was found that there was a significant negative correlation between N, P, and K indigenous nutrient supply and the yield response to N, P2O5, and K2O, and a significant negative linear correlation between yield response and the relative yield of N, P2O5, and K2O. There was also a significant one-dimensional quadratic function relationship between yield response and agronomic efficiency in Chinese cabbage. Then, two years of field experiments for Chinese cabbage were conducted to verify the fertilizer recommendation. It was concluded that fertilizer recommendation for Chinese cabbage based on yield response and agronomic efficiency was a sustainable way for farmland utilization, not only economically and suitably satisfying its application on fields of different sizes, but also taking into account the indigenous nutrient supply and the interaction between N, P, and K, having shown the advantages of high efficiency, especially when the conditions such as soil testing and plant diagnosis were not sufficient.

Establishment theoretical of recommendation fertilization guide of vegetable crops in Algeria: concept and validation

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 606-620
Author(s):  
Mahtali Sbih ◽  
Zoubeir BENSID ◽  
Zohra BOUNOUARA ◽  
Fouad DJAIZ ◽  
Youcef FERRAG
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Critical Value ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Fertilizer Recommendation ◽  
Continuous Models ◽  
Poor Soil

The goal of fertilization is to meet the nutritional needs of plants by completing the supply of soil nutrients in an economically profitable and environmentally friendly. Achieving on-farm optimum economic crop yields of marketable quality with minimum adverse environmental impact requires close attention to fertilization guide. The recommendations seek to do this by ensuring that the available supply of plant nutrients in soil is judiciously supplemented by additions of nutrients in fertilizers. The objective is that crops must have an adequate supply of nutrients, and many crops show large and very profitable increases in yield from the correct use of fertilizers to supply nutrients. The main objective of this work is to establishing a reference guide of fertilization of vegetable crops and cereal in Algeria. To meet this objective, we have processes in two steps: 1) Establishment of theoretical fertilizer recommendation from international guide of crop fertilization; 2) Validation of these developed theoretical fertilizer recommendation by trials in the fields. Sixteen fertilization guides of vegetable crops from the Canadian provinces (5 guides), USA (10 guides) and countries of northern Europe England (1 guide). Generally, the rating of these recommendation is ranging from poor soil to soil exceedingly rich; however, the numbers of fertility classes are very different. Indeed, Quebec Ontario, Minnesota, Wisconsin New England, Maryland and Kentucky and Florida guides are subdivided into 5 fertility classes, ranging from poor soil to soil exceedingly rich. The recommendation of New Brunswick and Manitoba contain six classes. The recommendation of Michigan, Nova Scotia and England contain 10 and 7 fertility classes respectively. The recommendation fertilizer of New York and New Jersey have 3classes. Unlike the systems of fertilization recommendation mentioned above, the recommendation fertilizer of Pennsylvania is based on continuous models of P, K and contains 34 classes for P and 22 classes K. Then we standardized the P soil analysis with conversion equations (Olsen method) and units of measurement (kg/ha, mg/kg…).Following this procedure we transformed discontinued systems of fertility classes in to continuous models to facilitate comparison between the different fertilization recommendation models in one hand, in other hand to obtain critical value (CV).Finally, we used statistics of the conditional expectation in order to generate the theoretical recommendation fertilization guide of fertilization with 7 fertility classes (VL, L, M, MH, OP, H and VH). The next step was calibrating soil tests against yield responses to applied nutrient in field experiments. A database (not published data) from agriculture and agri-food Canada, were used. Production of pumpkin responded positively and significantly to P or K soil fertility levels, increases being observed with P more often than with K. According to the Cate-Nelson methods, the critical value of Olsen-P in the top 20 cm of soil was about 25 mg/kg: at values of greater than or equal to 25 mg/kg, crops achieved about 80% of their maximal yield in the absence of fertilizer application. The CV of K in soil for this crop was about 140 mg/kg. The CV found was very close to this generated by the theoretical method for recommendation of fertilization guide. Finally, we used the procedure of Cope and Rouse in both sides of the CV in order to make subdivisions of different groups of soil fertility. One calibrates the soil-test value against yield response to tile nutrient to predict fertilizer requirement.

Soil and tissue tests to predict pasture yield responses to applications of potassium fertiliser in high-rainfall areas of south-western Australia

2002 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 149 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. A. Bolland ◽  
W. J. Cox ◽  
B. J. Codling
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Relative Yield ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Test Procedures ◽  
Pasture Production ◽  
Yield Responses

Dairy and beef pastures in the high (>800 mm annual average) rainfall areas of south-western Australia, based on subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) and annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum), grow on acidic to neutral deep (>40 cm) sands, up to 40 cm sand over loam or clay, or where loam or clay occur at the surface. Potassium deficiency is common, particularly for the sandy soils, requiring regular applications of fertiliser potassium for profitable pasture production. A large study was undertaken to assess 6 soil-test procedures, and tissue testing of dried herbage, as predictors of when fertiliser potassium was required for these pastures. The 100 field experiments, each conducted for 1 year, measured dried-herbage production separately for clover and ryegrass in response to applied fertiliser potassium (potassium chloride). Significant (P<0.05) increases in yield to applied potassium (yield response) were obtained in 42 experiments for clover and 6 experiments for ryegrass, indicating that grass roots were more able to access potassium from the soil than clover roots. When percentage of the maximum (relative) yield was related to soil-test potassium values for the top 10 cm of soil, the best relationships were obtained for the exchangeable (1 mol/L NH4Cl) and Colwell (0.5 mol/L NaHCO3-extracted) soil-test procedures for potassium. Both procedures accounted for about 42% of the variation for clover, 15% for ryegrass, and 32% for clover + grass. The Colwell procedure for the top 10 cm of soil is now the standard soil-test method for potassium used in Western Australia. No increases in clover yields to applied potassium were obtained for Colwell potassium at >100 mg/kg soil. There was always a clover-yield increase to applied potassium for Colwell potassium at <30 mg/kg soil. Corresponding potassium concentrations for ryegrass were >50 and <30 mg/kg soil. At potassium concentrations 30–100 mg/kg soil for clover and 30–50 mg/kg soil for ryegrass, the Colwell procedure did not reliably predict yield response, because from nil to large yield responses to applied potassium occurred. The Colwell procedure appears to extract the most labile potassium in the soil, including soluble potassium in soil solution and potassium balancing negative charge sites on soil constituents. In some soils, Colwell potassium was low indicating deficiency, yet plant roots may have accessed potassum deeper in the soil profile. Where the Colwell procedure does not reliably predict soil potassium status, tissue testing may help. The relationship between relative yield and tissue-test potassium varied markedly for different harvests in each year of the experiments, and for different experiments. For clover, the concentration of potassium in dried herbage that was related to 90% of the maximum, potassium non-limiting yield (critical potassium) was at the concentration of about 15 g/kg dried herbage for plants up to 8 weeks old, and at <10 g/kg dried herbage for plants older than 10–12 weeks. For ryegrass, there were insufficient data to provide reliable estimates of critical potassium.

scholarly journals (223) The Effect of Commercial Home Garden Fertilizers on the Growth and Yield of Two Chinese Cabbage Varieties

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1074C-1074
Author(s):  
Hector Valenzuela ◽  
Ted Goo ◽  
Ray Uchida ◽  
Susan Migita
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Cabbage ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Home Garden ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Boron Deficiency ◽  
Nutrient Analysis ◽  
Nutrient Runoff ◽  
Home Gardening

Home gardening is a popular year-round recreational activity in Hawaii that helps to increase community food security in suburban and rural communities where high levels of poverty and unemployment exist. Updated fertilizer recommendations and accurate information about the latest products allows home gardeners to improve crop growth, and to minimize nutrient imbalances in the soil, pest problems, and environmental risks from nutrient runoff or leaching. Two field experiments were conducted in Oahu, Hawaii, to evaluate several new products in the market for the production of two home-garden Chinese cabbage varieties. The treatments included Miracle Grow, a new Miracle Grow Plus formulation, Plant Power 2003 nutrient solution, a Maui Liquid Compost product, and a standard fertilizer control (150 kg·ha-1 N rate). Each treatment consisted of a 6-m long row with 30-cm plant spacing in the row. Each treatment was replicated four times in a completely randomized block design, for a total of 40 plots (two varieties × five treatments × four replications). Data collected included soil fertility before initiation and after experiment completion, tissue nutrient analysis, plant height collected twice during the growing cycle, and head weight and length measured at harvest time. The variety Pagoda was more responsive to fertilizer applications, showing an average of 30% yield increases between the best and poorest treatment, compared to 20% for `China Express'. Overall, the Miracle Grow formulations outperformed the other products. The tissue nutrient data showed tissue nutrient levels above those recommended by the Extension Service. The treatments with highest yield response also showed greater symptoms of “black heart” from possible boron deficiency.

scholarly journals Yield Response of Sunflower to Sowing Dates and NPK Rates under Zero Tillage in Wet Soil of Southwestern Coastal Bangladesh

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 202
Author(s):  
Bidhan Chandro Sarker ◽  
Md. Enamul Kabir ◽  
Md. Yasin Ali ◽  
Richard W. Bell
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Lower Amount ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Coastal Bangladesh ◽  
Fertilizer Recommendation ◽  
Effect On Yield

The low cropping intensity in the southwestern coastal Bangladesh is constrained by excess wetness of soil, low fertility and scarcity of fresh irrigation water. Fallow-fallow-T. aman is the main cropping pattern in this region. In the recent years some winter (dry season) crops (wheat, sunflower, maize etc.) have been introduced. Among them sunflower is best suited as it can be established in wet soil and also having the capacity to tolerate salinity and drought to some extent. The fertility of soil of this area is low particularly nitrogen (N). There is no fertilizer recommendation for sunflower in this area. Thus it is necessary to develop a fertilizer recommendation for sunflower. To develop this, a set of field experiments were carried out during winter season (2018–19). In these experiments, the major nutrients [nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K)] were varied in early (by November) and late (end of December) sown (dibbled) sunflower. Results showed that early sown sunflower produced higher seed yield with lower amount of N than that of late one. In case of P, unlike N, yield increase was not at par with the increase of P rates indicated residual P that applied to previous rice crop supported the sunflower. Potassium rates have little effect on yield increase. Based on the average yield (~3.5 t/ha) of the variety (Hysun-33) N, P and K @ 120–150, 40–50 kg/ha and 50–60 kg/ha was produced highest yield in early sown sunflower in excessively wet soil of southwestern coastal Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Assessment of Indigenous N, P and K Supply for Rice Site Specific Nutrient Management in Buru Regency

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
Andriko Noto Susanto ◽  
Marthen Pasang Sirappa
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Nutrient Supply ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Rice Soil ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Fertilizer Recommendation ◽  
Optimal Target ◽  
Indigenous Nutrient Supply

Rate of fertilizer that should be applied to rice soil based on Site Specific Nutrient Management (SSNM) depends on indigenous nutrient supply, its recovery efficiency, and the amount of nutrients requirement to achieve the yield target. Research on nutrient omission plot was conducted in farmers irrigated land on Waeapo plain, Buru Island. In this area, N, P, and K were the main limiting factors of rice growth and yield. To overcome the constraint, this assessment was conducted to determine the indigenous supply of N, P and K and optimal target of rice productivity. Results of this assessment showed that  the average of rice optimum productivity (Mg grain water content/w.c. 14% ha-1)  in Waeapo plain was 6.55 Mg DGM (Dry Grain Milled) ha-1, with range from 5.6 to 7.3 Mg DGM ha-1 depended on the indigenous supply of  N, P and K. The average value of the indigenous N, P and K supplies in Waeapo plain  Buru was 65.59 kg N ha-1, 13.70 kg P ha-1 and 78.65 kg K ha-1, respectively while average productivity of rice on that indigenous N, P and K supplies was 5.05, 5.96 and 6.05Mg DGM ha-1, respectively. The value of indigenous nutrient supply of this nutrient can be used as a basis of fertilizer recommendation with the SSNM concept. Keywords: Indigenous nutrient supply; nitrogen; phosphorus; potassium; Site Specific Nutrient Management [How to Cite: Andriko NS and  MP Sirappa. 2014. Assessment of Indigenous N, P and K Supply for Rice Site Specific Nutrient Management in Buru Regency. J Trop Soils 19: 151-159. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2014.19.3.151]   

scholarly journals Nutrient omission plot technique for yield response, indigenous nutrient supply and nutrient use efficiency estimation of rice (Oryza sativa L.) crop in Andaman & Nicobar Islands

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 388-395
Author(s):  
B Gangaiah
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Agronomic Efficiency ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Efficiency Estimation ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Nicobar Islands ◽  
Supply Capacity ◽  
Indigenous Nutrient Supply

A nutrient omission plot technique (NOPT) study in RCBD with 8 treatments (omission (-) of N, P, K, NP, NK, PK and no nutrient omission)and 3 replicates per treatment was made on rice at Port Blair, Andaman and Nicobar Islands during kharif 2015 to ascertain yield response and find out the most crucial nutrient for fertilization.The results revealed that yield response to fertilizers (NPK) was 2.63 t / ha (60.74%). The yield response of P (23.3 %) got multiplied by 2.16 and 2.60 times when combined with N and K applications as compared to their individual effects. Indigenous N, P and K supply capacity of the soil was estimated as 70.6, 10.0 and 80.0 kg/ha. Agronomic efficiency (kg grain / kg nutrient applied) was severely limited by P omission (10.13). The economics(Rs/ha) of rice cultivation indicates that omission of NPK & NP fertilizers results in losses. The highest profits realized with no omission (+NPK) were reduced by 52.3% with P omission. Omission of K followed by N and NK has less impact on profits. Rice crop duration got prolonged and shortened under P and N omission while K omission has no such effect.

SITE-SPECIFIC NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT FOR MAIZE HYBRIDS IN AN INCEPTISOL OF WEST BENGAL, INDIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 874-887 ◽  
Author(s):  
KRISHNENDU RAY ◽  
HIRAK BANERJEE ◽  
KALLOL BHATTACHARYYA ◽  
SUDARSHAN DUTTA ◽  
AMIT PHONGLOSA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Management ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Nutrient Supply ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Stay Green ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Supply Capacity ◽  
Indigenous Nutrient Supply

SUMMARYThe area under hybrid maize cultivation is increasing rapidly across South Asia. However, information regarding the proper nutrient management for modern stay-green maize hybrids in India is not adequate resulting in low productivity. Existing nutrient management practices are not able to capture the momentum change in the scenario of soil nutrient supply capacity and plant nutrient demand for achieving higher yield target. The present study aims at establishing the site-specific nutrient management (SSNM) package for an inceptisol (West Bengal, India). Soil indigenous nutrient supply capacity and nutrient use efficiency was also evaluated by using the nutrient omission plot technique. The experiment was laid out in strip-plot design, assigning three maize hybrids (P 3522, P 3396 and Rajkumar) in the vertical strip and nine fertilizer treatments [50% RDF/Recommended dose of fertilizer, 75% RDF, 100% RDF (200-60-60 kg N-P2O5-K2O ha−1), 125% RDF, 150% RDF, 100% PK, 100% NK, 100% NP and control (zero-NPK)] in the horizontal strip, with three replications. Results of the experiment revealed that the differences among cultivars were generally non-significant. The maize hybrids showed greater yield response to fertilization with N (4.14 Mg ha−1) during winter, followed by K (2.54 Mg ha−1) and P (1.58 Mg ha−1). Indigenous nutrient supply was estimated 107.2, 37.6 and 107.7 kg ha−1 for N, P and K, respectively. Both average agronomic efficiency (AE) and recovery efficiency (RE) were increased with 50% RDF and it decreased with further increase in NPK levels up to 150% RDF. The average internal efficiency (IE) was higher with 50% RDF closely followed by the treatment with absence of N. As grain yields and gross return over fertilizer (GRF) under 75 to 150% NPK treatments were similar, nutrient doses of 150 kg N, 45 kg P2O5 and 45 kg K2O ha−1 were recommended as optimum for maize hybrids.

Methodology for online biometric analysis of soil test–crop response datasets

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 435 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. B. Dyson ◽  
M. K. Conyers
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Relative Yield ◽  
National Database ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Biometric Analysis ◽  
Nutrient Response ◽  
Major Nutrients ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Comprehensive data on grain yield responsiveness to applications of the major nutrients nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur in Australian cropping experiments have been assembled in the Better Fertiliser Decisions for Cropping (BFDC) National Database for scrutiny by the BFDC Interrogator. The database contains the results of individual field experiments on nutrient response that need to be collectively integrated into a model that predicts probable grain yield response from soil tests. The potential degree of grain yield responsiveness (relative yield, RY%) is related to nutrient concentration in the soil (soil test value, STV) across a range of experimental sites and conditions for each nutrient. The RY% is defined as RY = Y0/Ymax *100, where Y0 is the yield without applied nutrient, and Ymax is the yield which could be attained through adequate application of the nutrient, given sufficiency of all other nutrients. The raw data for RY and STV are transformed so that a linear regression model can be applied. The BFDC Interrogator uses the arcsine-log calibration curve (ALCC) algorithm to estimate a critical soil test value (CSTV) for a given nutrient. The CSTV is defined as the value that would, on average for the broad agronomic circumstances of the incoming crop, lead to a specified percentage of Ymax (e.g. RY = 90%) without any application of that nutrient. This paper describes the ALCC algorithm, which has been developed to ensure that such estimated CSTVs, with safeguards, are reliable and to as high a precision as is realistic.

Methodology of fertilizer recommendation based on yield response and agronomic efficiency for rice in China

2017 ◽  
Vol 206 ◽  
pp. 33-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinpeng Xu ◽  
Ping He ◽  
Fuqiang Yang ◽  
Jinchuan Ma ◽  
Mirasol F. Pampolino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yield Response ◽  
Agronomic Efficiency ◽  
Fertilizer Recommendation

Effects of timing and placement of urea on aerial-sown semi-dwarf rice in south-east Australia

1989 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 509 ◽  
Author(s):  
DP Heenan ◽  
PE Bacon
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Agronomic Efficiency ◽  
Total N ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Significant Difference

Three field experiments over two seasons and on two soil types studied the effects of placement and time of nitrogen fertilizer (N) application on yield and N uptake of aerial-sown semi-dwarf rice. Grain yield and apparent N fertilizer recovery were greatest when fertilizer was drilled into the soil, with no significant difference between 3 cm and 7 cm depth. Placement onto wet soil resulted in significantly lower grain yield and total N uptake than placement onto dry soil or incorporation into the soil. Reducing the time of application before flooding from 15 days to 1 day significantly improved the efficiency of fertilizer use. Delaying the time of application from before flooding to soon after flooding produced much lower grain yield and agronomic efficiency. Further delaying the application time from soon after flooding to around mid-tillering increased the yield response and agronomic efficiency. The results demonstrated that urea should be drilled into the soil as soon as possible before flooding rather than broadcasting onto the soil surface before flooding or into the floodwater after flooding.

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