scholarly journals Adoption of New Sorghum Varieties in Mali Through a Participatory Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 4780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamadou Sissoko ◽  
Melinda Smale ◽  
Annick Castiaux ◽  
Veronique Theriault
Keyword(s):  
Technology Development ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Head Of Household ◽  
Farmer Organizations ◽  
Household Assets ◽  
Sudan Savanna

Although it is commonly accepted that farmers’ participation in the process of technology development can improve adoption rates, few studies have tested this relationship. We tested the role of farmers’ participation in the decision to adopt new sorghum varieties in the Sudan Savanna of Mali. We applied a conditional mixed-process method to data collected from 496 households in 58 villages the national agricultural research program (Institut d’Economie Rurale) and International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) worked through farmer organizations to test varieties in farmer-managed trials and implement seed production activities. We found that the intensity of participation positively affects adoption rates on household plots. Intensity of participation was measured as the ratio of participants in the household to the total number of participants in the village. Several plot manager and household characteristics influence adoption, including education and proximity of the plot manager with head of household, household assets, and labor availability. This study draws attention to the importance of farmers’ participation as a sustainable practice that can stimulate the adoption of new technology and, in doing so, enhance food security. Future research should explore the intrahousehold dynamics of farm input adoption, and the role of different forms of participation in the innovation process.

scholarly journals Differing perspectives on a role for technology in care homes to improve the lives of older people and the work environment of staff

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deidre Wild ◽  
Ala Szczepura ◽  
Clive Bowman ◽  
Angela Kydd ◽  
Richard Wallis
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Care Home ◽  
Care Homes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Technology Advancement ◽  
Fit For Purpose

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to place the future development of technology within the existing reality of the diversity of care homes. Design/methodology/approach – Using the findings from a learning exercise, the paper illustrates “diversity” in terms of the meaning staff, relatives, and residents attach to the words “care home”. This tri-partite approach provides a basis for exploring types of technology that could, if appropriately introduced, prove to be of benefit to the different users and staff. Findings – Technology is more likely to be “fit for purpose” when it has been developed jointly with those who work, live in, and who visit care homes. Costs and benefits will be issues to be taken into account. Research limitations/implications – A lack of research evidence on the role of technology in care homes was a key limitation. In future, research should adopt a co-production approach to technology development. Practical implications – The authors take a pragmatic stance that if due care is taken in preparations for and the introduction of technology, this would increase uptake of technology to meet different needs. Social implications – The paper makes the points that: older people can learn new technological skills; the concept of care homes as user-led is in accord with increased opportunity to engage residents in new technology. Technology in care homes while posing challenges also could prove to be a major lucrative market. Originality/value – By triangulating the perspectives of residents, relatives, and staff the authors hope to have presented a realistic and evidence-based overview of the potential for technology advancement in care homes.

Understanding the influence of technological capability and exogenous pressure on business model dynamics: insights from a longitudinal case study

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingqin Su ◽  
Shuai Zhang ◽  
Huanhuan Ma
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Technological Capability ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Longitudinal Case Study ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Research Stream ◽  
Over Time

PurposeThe purpose of the study is to explore how technological capability and exogenous pressure interactively influence business model (BM) dynamics over time in new technology-based ventures.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopts a longitudinal case study of the BM innovations of a Chinese financial technology venture. The structural approach and temporal bracket are used to analyze and theorize the data.FindingsThe findings indicate that distinct contextual changes impel a firm to refine or abandon existing BMs over time. In different stages, the antecedents interactively influence BM dynamics with three successive patterns, namely pressure dominance, parallel influence and hybrid influence. While both antecedents trigger changes during the initiation and implementation of new BMs, they also serve as the filter and the enabler, respectively, during the ideation and integration of BMs.Research limitations/implicationsThe study inductively develops three propositions regarding the relationship between BM dynamics and its antecedents, which is based on the data collected from one single firm. Future research should test the propositions in other domains and take more cross-level antecedents into consideration.Originality/valueThe study contributes to the nascent research stream of BM dynamics by offering in-depth insights into the interaction of internal and external antecedents and by linking the differentiated roles of antecedents to the BM innovation process. The research offers some practical implications for new technology-based ventures seeking to develop BMs in a fast-changing environment.

Is Co-working Increase Survivability? Study on how Collaborating and Networking Facilitates Open Innovation Process for Startups

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-75
Author(s):  
Elissa Dwi Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Open Innovation ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Innovation Ecosystem ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Start Ups ◽  
Community Manager

Startups, as they are bounded to their liabilities of newness and smallness, need to collaborate extensively with their external partners through the open innovation process. This study aims to depict Co-working space's pivotal role in building up a working innovation ecosystem that facilitates open innovation for startups. To get a more deep understanding of the phenomena, this study used an exploratory study based on three case studies of Co-working spaces operated in the Jakarta region. The study shows that the open innovation process among startups is not naturally existed, but instead, it is purposefully designed by the role of a community manager who acts as the ecosystem catalyst. The community manager becomes the ecosystem enablers that facilitate the networking process by connecting members. As a result, these activities will help the emerging of mutual connection and collaboration processes among members that empower open innovation among startups members. The multiple-case design makes the study conclusions might be difficult to generalize. Future research, including quantitative studies, will help the conclusions examination and the knowledge enrichment of start-ups' open innovation process. This paper will enrich the knowledge concerning how Co-working spaces member seizing opportunities that lead to the open innovation process.

scholarly journals Modeling in Early Stages of Technology Development: Is an Iterative Approach Needed? Comment on "Problems and Promises of Health Technologies: The Role of Early Health Economic Modeling"

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael F. Drummond
Keyword(s):  
Health Economic ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Economic Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Iterative Approach ◽  
Health Technologies ◽  
Early Health ◽  
The Cost

A recent paper by Grutters et al makes the case for early health economic modeling in the development of health technologies. A number of examples of the value of early modeling are given, with analyses being performed at different stages in the development of several non-drug health technologies. This commentary acknowledges the contribution of the paper by Grutters et al and argues for an iterative and integrated approach to early modeling, assessing the cost-effectiveness of the technology, the value of future research and the interaction with the manufacturer’s pricing and revenue expectations.

Increasing the economic benefits from agricultural research: the case of enhancing the diffusion of a pasture weed technology

2004 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 779 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. T. Vere ◽  
R. E. Jones ◽  
P. M. Dowling
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Process ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Research Programmes ◽  
Diffusion Enhancement ◽  
Australian Wool ◽  
Temperate Pastures

The process of enhancing the diffusion of a new technology attempts to shorten the time between the completion and adoption of an agricultural research programme, as well as to increase the overall level of adoption. The economic benefits of introducing a new technology are influenced by the technology development lag, the adoption lag and the maximum, or ceiling, level of adoption. Technology diffusion embodies these issues and concerns the uptake of a new technology across a population of potential adopters. Diffusion enhancement is now considered to be a desirable component of pasture research programmes in Australia. This paper evaluates the economic benefits of enhancing the diffusion process for new technology in the management of Vulpia, which is a prominent annual grass weed of Australian temperate pastures. Differences in economic benefits were calculated for a range of scenarios, by varying the values of the main elements of the diffusion process relative to those of a base scenario which represented the most optimistic adoption expectations for the technology. The discounted total benefits to the Australian wool industry, calculated for a 15-year period from reducing Vulpia in temperate pastures, were between A$31.9 million and A$287.3 million, according to differences in the pasture's Vulpia content. While the 2 main time components of the diffusion process both had strong effects on the potential benefits, the technology lag had a much larger influence than the adoption lag. This result emphasises the importance of agricultural research programmes that are able to quickly diffuse such technologies to the potential adopters.

scholarly journals The Role of Enabling Technologies in Transformative Innovation

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1293-1302
Author(s):  
Tucker Marion ◽  
John Friar
Keyword(s):  
Technology Development ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Evolutionary Model ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Multiple Generations ◽  
Enabling Technologies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Technology Market

AbstractThis study is an exploratory analysis of enabling technologies’ influence on the trajectory of industry development using a co-evolutionary model of technology development. When combined, enabling technologies can create new technology-market industry cycles, resulting in transformative innovation. The research approach of this empirical study is to use both primary and secondary data to create a history of the robotics industry and to explore the pre and post changes in the industry from the inclusion of enabling technologies over multiple generations. We propose a new model for understanding the theoretical and practical study of technology development through the lens of enabling technologies and their development and maturity cycles.

scholarly journals Live-cell micromanipulation of a genomic locus reveals interphase chromatin mechanics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veer I. P. Keizer ◽  
Simon Grosse-Holz ◽  
Maxime Woringer ◽  
Laura Zambon ◽  
Koceila Aizel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Polymer Model ◽  
Interphase Chromatin ◽  
Genomic Locus ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Physical Principles

AbstractOur understanding of the physical principles organizing the genome in the nucleus is limited by the lack of tools to directly exert and measure forces on interphase chromosomes in vivo and probe their material nature. Here, we present a novel approach to actively manipulate a genomic locus using controlled magnetic forces inside the nucleus of a living human cell. We observe viscoelastic displacements over microns within minutes in response to near-picoNewton forces, which are well captured by a Rouse polymer model. Our results highlight the fluidity of chromatin, with a moderate contribution of the surrounding material, revealing the minor role of crosslinks and topological effects and challenging the view that interphase chromatin is a gel-like material. Our new technology opens avenues for future research, from chromosome mechanics to genome functions.

Fifty Years of Prosopography

2003 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Computer Technology ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
Methodological Tool ◽  
Traditional Scholarship ◽  
Future Work

This book presents an interdisciplinary discussion of the important methodological tool known as prosopography — the collection of all known information about individuals within a given period. With the advent of computer technology it is now possible to gather and store such information in increasingly sophisticated and searchable databases, which can bring a new dimension to traditional historical research. The book surveys the transition in prosopographical research from more traditional methods to the new technology, and discusses the central role of the British Academy, as well as that of French, German and Austrian academic institutions, in developing prosopographical research on the Later Roman Empire, Byzantium and now Anglo-Saxon and other periods. The chapters discuss both national histories of the discipline and its potential for future research. The book demonstrates mutual benefits and complementarity in such studies between the use of new technology and the highest standards of traditional scholarship, and in doing so it sets forth new perspectives and methodologies for future work.

Co-operation in R&D, efficiency and European policy

1994 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis Jacquemin ◽  
Luc Soete
Keyword(s):  
Technology Policy ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Barriers To Entry ◽  
Development Cost ◽  
Technological Spillovers ◽  
Strategic Option ◽  
European Technology

In this paper, the role of co-operative agreements in R&D, as a strategic option for firms confronted with the globalization of markets and the multiplication of sources of new technology is examined within the European context. It is argued that a plausible case can be made for co-operative R&D ventures, especially where positive and large technological spillovers exist, when the fixed component of technology-development cost is high and the hedging of risk is an important incentive, and when participating firms produce complementary products. The empirical evidence of a significant multiplication of R&D partnerships in Europe illustrates, from this perspective, the strategic option that firms were confronted with as competition ‘Europeanized’ and ‘globalized’ and technology changed rapidly and unpredictably. Co-operative agreements in R&D also create problems. One such problem is that the agreements could be a vehicle for reducing competition in the downstream product market and for creating barriers to entry. From that point of view, existing EC regulations seems well adapted, but this leaves open the question of conflicts between differing competition policies at the world level. The growing web of international coalitions makes it increasingly difficult, if not impossible, to implement a European technology policy whose results are not accessible to companies and countries competing with Europe.

Farmers, On-farm Research and the Development of New Technology

1988 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Sumberg ◽  
C. Okali
Keyword(s):  
Technology Development ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Alley Farming ◽  
Farm Family ◽  
Participatory Technology Development ◽  
On Farm

SUMMARYMost commonly, on-farm research has sought to validate and demonstrate technologies developed under controlled experimental conditions. It is argued here that on-farm research has a role in all stages of technology development, and that methodologies and objectives transplanted from the research station are inappropriate, particularly given the restrictions they impose on farmers' capacity to experiment with new technology. Drawing on experience with alley farming in W. Africa, it is shown how the farm and farm family can be incorporated fully throughout the process of technology development. The example is used to clarify the role of researchers in participatory technology development.

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