scholarly journals Sustainability Assessment of Combined Cooling, Heating, and Power Systems under Carbon Emission Regulations

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 5917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chu ◽  
Yang ◽  
Li
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Optimization Model ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Sustainability Assessment ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Energy Supply System ◽  
Emission Regulations ◽  
Combined Cooling

The combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) system, which is a sustainable distributed energy system, has attracted increasing attention due to the associated economic, environmental, and energy benefits. Currently, the enforcement of carbon emission regulations has become an increasingly concerning issue globally. In this paper, a multi-objective optimization model is established to evaluate the CCHP system under two different carbon emission regulation policies in terms of economic benefit, environmental sustainability, and energy advantage. A nonlinear programming optimization model is formulated and solved by using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. The results from the case studies demonstrate that when considering carbon tax regulation, the cost savings of the optimal CCHP system strategy were on average 10.0%, 9.1%, 17.0%, 22.1%, and 20.9% for the office, supermarket, hotel, school, and hospital in China, respectively, compared with the conventional energy supply system. On the other hand, when considering carbon trading regulation, the optimal CCHP system strategy can lead to a 10.0%, 8.9%, 16.8%, 21.6%, and 20.5% cost-saving for the five different building categories, respectively. Furthermore, the optimal CCHP system strategy for the five buildings, i.e., an average of 39.6% carbon dioxide emission (CDE) reduction and 26.5% primary energy consumption (PEC) saving, can be achieved under carbon emission regulations.

scholarly journals CO2 and Air Pollutants Emissions under Different Scenarios Predicted by a Regional Energy Consumption Modeling System for Shanghai, China

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1006
Author(s):  
Jing Wang ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Libo Wu ◽  
Weichun Ma ◽  
Limin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Energy Supply System ◽  
Regional Energy

About 75% energy demand and emissions all concentrate in urban areas, especially in the metropolises, placing a heavy burden on both the energy supply system and the environment system. To explore low emission pathways and provide policy recommendations for the Shanghai energy system and the environmental system to reach the carbon dioxide (CO2) peak by 2030 and attain emission reduction targets for local air pollutants (LAPs), a regional energy–environment optimization model was developed in this study, considering system costs, socio-economic development and technology. To verify the reliability of the model simulation and evaluate the model risk, a historical scenario was defined to calculate the emissions for 2004–2014, and the data were compared with the bottom-up emission inventory results. By considering four scenarios, we simulated the energy consumption and emissions in the period of 2020–2030 from the perspective of energy policies, economic measures and technology updates. We found that CO2 emissions might exceed the amount of 250 million tons by the end of 2020 under the current policy, and carbon tax with a price of 40 CNY per ton of carbon dioxide is an imperative measure to lower carbon emissions. Under the constraints, the emissions amount of SO2, NOx, PM10, and PM2.5 will be reduced by 95.3–180.8, 207.8–357.1, 149.4–274.5, and 59.5–119.8 Kt in 2030, respectively.

scholarly journals Impacts of Investment Cost, Energy Prices and Carbon Tax on Promoting the Combined Cooling, Heating and Power (CCHP) System of an Amusement Park Resort in Shanghai

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 4252
Author(s):  
Liting Zhang ◽  
Weijun Gao ◽  
Yongwen Yang ◽  
Fanyue Qian
Keyword(s):  
Economic Performance ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Energy Prices ◽  
Amusement Park ◽  
Energy Supply System ◽  
Market Competitiveness ◽  
Investment Cost ◽  
Combined Cooling ◽  
Investment Subsidy

Poor economic performance has limited the diffusion of the combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) system. Various factors influence the economic performance of the CCHP system. To analyze the impacts of these different factors and promote the CCHP system, this study evaluated its comprehensive performance through a multi-criteria method, using an amusement park resort in Shanghai as a research case. First, three CCHP systems with different penetration rates were presented and simulated in a transient simulation model for comparison. The economic and environmental performance of these different penetration CCHP systems were evaluated based on the dynamic payback period and carbon dioxide emissions. The impacts of investment cost, energy prices, investment subsidy and a carbon tax on the economic performance of the three systems were discussed, and a sensitivity analysis was used to compare these factors. The results show that the current subsidy can reduce the economic gap between the CCHP system and the conventional system, but it still needs to be increased by 1.71 times to achieve market competitiveness of the CCHP system with 100% penetration under the current investment cost and energy prices. In addition, the introduction of a carbon tax could accelerate the promotion of the CCHP system. When the carbon tax reaches 25 $/ton, the CCHP system becomes the best choice of energy supply system.

scholarly journals Joint Transportation and Inventory Strategy for Perishable Items with Weibull Distribution under Carbon Emission Regulations

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianteng Xu ◽  
Xin Cui ◽  
Yuyu Chen ◽  
Xin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Weibull Distribution ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Numerical Test ◽  
Inventory Level ◽  
Perishable Items ◽  
Transportation Time ◽  
Emission Regulations ◽  
Inventory Strategy

This paper studies the optimal transportation and inventory strategy for perishable items under carbon cap-and-trade and carbon tax regulations. Nonlinear optimization models are constructed to maximize the total profits per unit time when the deterioration rate satisfies a two-parameter Weibull distribution and the demand rate is a linear function with respect to the current inventory level. The existence conditions of the optimal replenishment cycles under two carbon emission policies are proved. The characteristics of the optimal replenishment cycles, maximal total profits, and carbon emissions per unit time under two carbon emission policies are compared. Finally, a numerical test is provided to illustrate the theoretical results and Taguchi method is employed to analyze the sensitivity of total profits and carbon emissions per unit time with respect to the parameters of carbon emission policies, transportation time, and Weibull parameters. The results show that parameters of carbon emission regulations have greater effect on total profits per unit time, and the transportation time has the greatest effect on carbon emissions per unit time.

scholarly journals Advances in Solar Energy towards Efficient and Sustainable Energy

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6295
Author(s):  
Nuria Novas ◽  
Rosa María Garcia ◽  
Jose Manuel Camacho ◽  
Alfredo Alcayde
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Sustainability Assessment ◽  
Sustainable Energy ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Energy Research ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Energy Applications

Conventional energy resources are not climate sustainable. Currently, engineers and scientists are looking for sustainable energy solutions influenced by climate change. A wide variety of sustainable natural energy resources are available, but they require technical solutions for their implementation. The general trend in energy research is based on renewable resources, amongst which solar energy stands out, being the most mature and widely accepted. In this paper, the current state of the sustainable energy system has been analysed. The main purpose is to provide additional context to assess future scenarios. The study of past contributions allows sustainability planning and increasing the welfare of future society. The aim is to highlight global trends in research on sustainable solar energy from 1995 to 2020 through a bibliometric analysis of 4260 publications. According to their linkages, the analysed articles are distributed in nine clusters: Sustainability assessment, Sustainable energy solutions, Environmental payback time analysis, Sustainability of solar energy in different scenarios, Environmental sustainability, Solar energy applications, Sustainable energy optimisation, Energy transition and Energy and sustainable scenarios. The most repeated keywords are Sustainability, Renewable energy, and Solar energy. Energy research and the exploration of new renewable solar resources are still necessary to meet sustainable energy’s future challenges.

Evaluating the Impact of Carbon Taxes on the Optimal Design of Distributed Energy Systems

2012 ◽  
Vol 524-527 ◽  
pp. 2420-2424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe Zhou ◽  
Pei Liu ◽  
Jian Yun Zhang ◽  
Zheng Li
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Model ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Optimal Configuration ◽  
Tax Rates ◽  
Carbon Taxes ◽  
Distributed Energy ◽  
Distributed Energy System ◽  
The Impact

Distributed energy systems can play an essential role in providing energy with substantial environmental and other benefits. This paper presents a multi-objective optimization model for the planning of distributed energy systems, aiming at simultaneous minimization of the total annual cost and greenhouse gas emissions. The impact of carbon tax rates on the optimal configuration and performance of a distributed energy system is evaluated based on the optimization model. A review of international policies on carbon taxes is performed for estimation of future carbon tax rates in China. Results show that the potential carbon tax in the future may not have significant impacts on the optimal configuration of a distributed energy system.

scholarly journals Climate Vulnerability and Adaptation Challenges in Szekszárd Wine Region, Hungary

Climate ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Attila Buzási
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Sustainability Assessment ◽  
Evaluation Methodology ◽  
Intrinsic Factors ◽  
Vulnerability Assessments ◽  
The Future ◽  
Climate Vulnerability ◽  
High Level ◽  
Wine Region ◽  
Lock In

Wine producers face several challenges regarding climate change, which will affect this industry both in the present and the future. Vulnerability assessments are at the forefront of current climate research, therefore, the present paper has two main aims. First, to assess two components of climate vulnerability regarding the Szekszárd wine region, Hungary; second, to collect and analyze adaptation farming techniques in terms of environmental sustainability aspects. Exposure analyses revealed that the study area will face several challenges regarding intensive drought periods in the future. Sensitivity indicators show the climate-related characteristics of the most popular grapevines and their relatively high level of susceptibility regarding changing climatic patterns. Since both external and intrinsic factors of vulnerability show deteriorating trends, the development of adaptation actions is needed. Adaptation interventions often provide unsustainable solutions or entail maladaptation issues, therefore, an environmental-focused sustainability assessment of collected interventions was performed to avoid long-term negative path dependencies. The applied evaluation methodology pointed out that nature-based adaptation actions are preferred in comparison to using additional machines or resource-intensive solutions. This study can fill the scientific gap by analyzing this wine region for the first time, via performing an ex-ante lock-in analysis of available and widely used adaptation interventions in the viticulture sector.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the energy demands for a floating O&M-hub

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Wittmann ◽  
C. Schmitt ◽  
F. Adam ◽  
P. Dierken
Keyword(s):  
Software Tool ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Spare Parts ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Baseline Scenario ◽  
Horizon 2020 ◽  
Energy Supply System ◽  
The North ◽  
Energy Demands

AbstractThe Energyhub@Sea concept is one of the four research applications of the Space@Sea project funded by the EU’s Horizon 2020 research program (GA number: 774253). The focus of this paper is the evaluation of the energy demands of an energy self-sufficient maintenance platform at the location of Helgoland in the North Sea. In view of this, a standardized modular floater was developed as an offshore wind operation and maintenance base, which in the following paper is referred to as an O&M hub. The O&M hub is intended to be equipped with accommodation facilities and various renewable energy infrastructure as well as spare parts logistics, enabling the platform to perform maintenance of offshore gearless wind turbines with a capacity of up to 10 MW. To be energy self-sustaining, an energy supply system for the hub was developed and simulated at a resolution of ten minutes by means of the Top-Energy simulation software, a commercial software tool. As a basis for the simulation, an approach for the automated determination of flexible load profiles, in resolutions of up to ten minutes was developed. This load profile generator creates load profiles on the basis of environmental conditions, technical characteristics, and expected behaviors of the inhabitants. On the basis of the generated load profiles, a first layout (referred to as baseline scenario) for the different components of the energy system was evaluated and tested through simulation. In a second step, three optimization scenarios were developed and simulated with regards to the financial feasibility of the Energyhub.

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