scholarly journals Military Training Areas as Semicommons: The Territorial Valorization of Quirra (Sardinia) from Easements to Ecosystem Services

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ginevra Balletto ◽  
Alessandra Milesi ◽  
Nicolò Fenu ◽  
Giuseppe Borruso ◽  
Luigi Mundula

The paper addresses the issue of the concurrent use of coastal areas for military training and civil activities, namely tourism. In the paper, starting from the consideration of publicly owned assets as ‘semi-commons’, we propose a method based on the comparison of planning instruments related to the different uses, and try to model them in a grid, where different weights and degrees of evaluation can be considered, in order to promote, rather than blocking, possible activities, compatible with concurrent use. The military areas in Sardinia (region and island, Italy) are around 234 km2, which constitutes 60% of the national surface affected by military easements. This situation is due to its geographic position, considered centrality in the Mediterranean for strategic reasons. This contribution evaluates the performance of the Local Coastline Plan (LCP) and the Site management plan of Community Interest (SCI) in conditions of military constraint. The case study is the municipality of Villaputzu South Sardinia, Italy), where an important coastal military easement and the use of the coast for recreational tourism purposes coexist together through specific planning, a consequence of institutional agreements between the Municipal Administration of Villaputzu and the Ministry of Defense. The idea is considering the concurrent possible land uses guaranteed by the different planning instruments, instead of focusing, as it is generally the rule, on the sum of constraints provided by the laws. The local coastline plan has been identified as the ideal planning tool, which addresses the co-existence of apparently opposite land uses and interests, as those expressed by the local municipal planning and those expressed by the military. An evaluation of the congruence of the specific objectives of the LCP and SCI shows how their combined action favors the environmental enhancement of Sardinia, contributing to the formation of ecosystem services, even in particular conditions arising from military easements. These are sites that evolve from ‘anticommons’ to ‘semicommons’. In fact, the military release process in Sardinia, together with the promiscuous military and civil use, activates unique governance policies of their kind that find a significant field of application in Sardinia to guarantee sustainable renewal of economic development of the ‘semi-commons’ awaiting to become ‘commons’.

Author(s):  
Ginevra Balletto ◽  
Alessandra Milesi ◽  
Nicolò Fenu ◽  
Giuseppe Borruso ◽  
Luigi Mundula

The military areas in Sardinia are around 234 km2, which constitutes 59.97% of the national surface affected by military easements. This situation is due to its geographic centrality in the Mediterranean. This contribution evaluates the performance of the Local Coastline Plan (LCP) and the Site Management Plan of Community Interest (SCI) in conditions of military constraint. The case study is the Municipality of Villaputzu where an important coastal military easement and the use of the coast for recreational tourism purposes coexist together through specific planning, a consequence of institutional agreements between the Municipal Administration of Villaputzu and the Ministry of Defense. The evaluation of the congruence of the specific objectives of the LCP and the SCI shows how their combined action favors the environmental enhancement of Sardinia, contributing to the formation of ecosystem services, even in particular conditions arising from military easements. These are sites that pass from the status of "anti-commons" to "semi-commons". In fact, the military release process in Sardinia, together with the promiscuous military and civil use, activates unique governance policies of their kind that find a significant field of application in Sardinia to guarantee a sustainable renewal of economic development of the ‘semi-commons’ awaiting to become ‘commons’


2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-83
Author(s):  
Milota Kustrová

The article presents the results of natural science research on plant and animal communities in the military training area Záhorie. Nineteen habitats of Community Interest and six habitats of National Interest have been recorded in the area. The paper underlines the importance of the existing military training areas and military activities for biodiversity conservation, and also notes the need to implement measures to rescue valuable habitats.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Springer

This study is dedicated to the regional history of the East-West conflict on the basis of the relationship between the Germany military and the Belgian armed forces stationed in Germany. The central question it addresses is which factors were largely responsible for the interdependence between actors and institutions of both armies. In addition to analysing the limited time of the peak phase of Belgian military deployment in the Federal Republic 1946–1990, the book concentrates regionally on the military training areas of Vogelsang in the Eifel and the Wahner Heide near Cologne as military contact zones. For this purpose, the author evaluates unpublished archival sources at the local level for the first time.


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 100053
Author(s):  
Rick Zentelis ◽  
Paul Hubbard ◽  
David Lindenmayer ◽  
Dale Roberts ◽  
Stephen Dovers

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-213
Author(s):  
Petr Klusáček ◽  
Stanislav Martinát ◽  
Tomáš Krejčí ◽  
Josef Kunc ◽  
Jan Hercik ◽  
...  

The return of the local democracy to the military training areas raises a number of complex challenges even under the conditions of a democratic state. In the municipalities that were established in the Czech Republic on 1 January 2016 by a separation from the territory of the military training areas, a nondemocratic paternalist system has dominated for many decades at the local level, which in some cases was deepened by a presence of the foreign Soviet army. While other municipalities in the post-communist period after 1989 have undergone a complex development and have gradually responded to new challenges (e.g., the use of subsidy titles, intermunicipal cooperation), and, in the case of the settlements in the territory of the military training area districts, nondemocratic local paternalism was preserved until the end of 2015. In the first phase of their term, the elected representatives of the local government primarily focused on securing the basic functions of the municipality (issues of housing and basic amenities of the village—school facilities, shops), saving local sights as remnants of historical memory, and developing cooperation within different networks of actors on a general level (e.g., issues of tourism development, environmental protection).


1935 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
M. M. Chambers

2006 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. S139-S140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Øyvind Albert Voie ◽  
Kjetil S. Longva ◽  
Arnljot E. Strømseng ◽  
Arnt Johnsen

2011 ◽  
Vol 393-395 ◽  
pp. 288-291
Author(s):  
Min Chuan Huang ◽  
Chao Yen Wu ◽  
Jang Ruey Tzeng

This study sought to resolve the current imbalance of demand and supply of the military instructors on the campus in Taiwan. Having witnessed the importance of a sustainable supply of certified military instructors to support the all-people-defense-education, the study first reviewed two versions of teacher training programs carried out by the Ministry of Defense and normative colleges. After exposing the weaknesses of these two versions of selection practice, this study continued with its recommendation. It is hoped that with its suggested concept of building partnership via outsourcing, professional identity of the military instructors can be elevated and ascertained. Specific contributions of this study are: the National Defense Education Division made sophisticated system of teacher education and teacher key capabilities. Project commissioned by the National Defense Education recruitment agency approach teacher education ideas


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leroy Walston ◽  
Heidi Hartmann

<p>Concomitant with the increase in solar photovoltaic (PV) energy development over the past decade has been the increasing emphasis on land sharing strategies that maximize the land use efficiency of solar energy developments.  Many of these strategies focus on improving the compatibility of solar energy development with other co-located land uses (e.g., agriculture) and by improving several ecosystem services that could have natural, societal, and industrial benefits. One such land opportunity is the restoration and management of native grassland vegetation beneath ground-mounted PV solar energy facilities, which has the potential to restore native habitat to conserve biodiversity and restore previously altered ecosystem services (e.g., natural pollination services). This presentation will discuss various assessment and modeling approaches to evaluate the scale and magnitude of the ecosystem services provided by different vegetation management strategies at solar PV energy development sites. This work demonstrates how multifunctional land uses in energy systems represents a win-win solution for energy and the environment by optimizing energy-food-ecology synergies. This work was conducted by Argonne National Laboratory for the U.S. Department of Energy Solar Energy Technologies Office under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.</p>


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