scholarly journals Comparing Human Activity Density and Green Space Supply Using the Baidu Heat Map in Zhengzhou, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 7075
Author(s):  
Shumei Zhang ◽  
Wenshi Zhang ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Xiaoyu Zhao ◽  
Peihao Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Central City ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Heat Map ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Movement Data ◽  
The City

Rapidly growing cities often struggle with insufficient green space, although information on when and where more green space is needed can be difficult to collect. Big data on the density of individuals in cities collected from mobile phones can estimate the usage intensity of urban green space. Taking Zhengzhou’s central city as an example, we combine the real-time human movement data provided by the Baidu Heat Map, which indicates the density of mobile phones, with vector overlays of different kinds of green space. We used the geographically weighted regression (GWR) method to estimate differentials in green space usage between weekdays and weekends, utilizing the location and the density of the aggregation of people with powered-up mobile phones. Compared with weekends, the aggregation of people in urban green spaces on workdays tends to vary more in time and be more concentrated in space, while the highest usage is more stable on weekends. More importantly, the percentage of weekday green space utilization is higher in small parks and green strips in the city, with the density increasing in those small areas, while the green space at a greater distance to the city center is underutilized. This study validates the potential of applying Baidu Heat Map data to provide a dynamic perspective of green space use, and highlights the need for more green space in city centers.

Noise perception assessment in urban green spaces using soundwalk approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 263 (1) ◽  
pp. 5780-5791
Author(s):  
Omid Samani ◽  
Verena Zapf ◽  
M. Ercan Altinsoy
Keyword(s):  
Green Space ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Urban Green Space ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Noise Emission ◽  
Visual Effect ◽  
Technical Noise ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
The City

Urban green spaces are intended to provide citizens with calm environments free of annoying city noises. This requires a thorough understanding of noise emission and related exposure to sounds in green spaces. This research investigates noise perception in various spots in an urban green space. For this purpose, the study has been conducted in the grand garden of the city of Dresden. The garden covers 1.8 square kilometers of various landscapes, including water streams, park railways, fountains, bridges, roads for bicycles and pedestrians etc. Noise perception was investigated at eleven spots with emphasis on four noise types: nature noise, human noise, traffic noise, and technical noise. In parallel, audio-visual recordings were conducted for each spot to identify the connection between the perceptual measures and the psychoacoustic parameters. These spots are categorized based on the resulting perception and psychoacoustic parameters. In addition, the visual effect of each spot on final perception is investigated. Eventually, annoyance for each spot is identified based on the corresponding participants' perception and is associated with the relevant psychoacoustic parameters.

How are characteristics of urban green space related to levels of physical activity: Examining the links

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 1091-1101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Akpinar ◽  
Murat Cankurt
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
General Population ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
The City ◽  
Exercise Equipment

This study investigates the associations between characteristics of urban green spaces and frequency and duration of self-reported physical activity in the city of Aydın, Turkey. Data were collected through a survey with 420 participants. We analysed the associations between characteristics of urban green spaces and frequency and duration of general population’ physical activity and physical activity of physically active people with multivariate linear regression while controlling for sex, age, marital status, education level, occupation and household income level. Results showed that for the general population, short distance to urban green spaces, many trees, exercise equipment and picnic areas were positively associated with frequency of physical activity, while barbecue and fire places negatively associated with duration of physical activity. For physically active people, many trees, soccer and basketball fields were positively associated with their frequency of physical activity, but water features were negatively correlated with frequency of physical activity. In regard to duration of physical activity for physically active people, findings showed lawn and exercise equipment were positively correlated with duration of physical activity, while water features, barbecue and fire places were negatively correlated with duration of physical activity. The findings indicate that levels of physical activity in urban green spaces could be promoted with many trees, exercise equipment, picnic areas and lawn. However, causal relationship needs to be conducted with intervention or longitudinal studies.

scholarly journals Challenges of Urban Green Space and Its Accessibility in Planning District-12, Mysuru City

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-141
Author(s):  
Yashaswini S* ◽  
Shankar B
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Green Space ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Urban Green Space ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The City

Improving the Accessibility of Urban Green Space (UGS) is an integral part of city planning system. People with better access to green space enjoy a wide range of health benefits. Therefore, it is a crucial element to be taken care and nourished in a land use framework. Mysore City is one of the planned large cities in India. The City had a population of about 0.9 million in 2011 and it is estimated to cross the million mark by 2021. There is a growing consciousness on health and wellbeing among the people resulting an increasing demand for urban green spaces both at neighbourhood and city levels. The accessibility helps in promoting usage of UGS and maintaining the balance in environment within the city areas. The main aim of this paper is to study the existing scenario of the UGS within the planning district-12 and to analyse the green space accessibility. The land use of Mysuru city is analysed to understand the city and the micro level land use analysis of Planning district-12 is made. The existing scenario of the UGS within the study area and its accessibility is analysed using different accessibility indicators. Considering the key findings, issues and challenges are identified. Later the suggestions and recommendations for the identified issues is proposed to enhance the green spaces quality and accessibility at neighbourhood levels. The Accessible Natural Green space Standard (ANGst) type of accessibility analysis has been carried to know UGS functionality. Henceforth urban green space network at Planning District levels (local levels) in the City of Mysuru is prepared as a model which can be implemented to the city as whole at the later stages

scholarly journals “We Need such a Space”: Residents’ Motives for Visiting Urban Green Spaces during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6806
Author(s):  
Shixian Luo ◽  
Jing Xie ◽  
Katsunori Furuya
Keyword(s):  
Green Space ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Space Planning ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The City

Since the outbreak of the Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia in 2019, several cities have been blocked to prevent the expansion of the infection. This qualitative study aimed to determine the motives of urban residents for visiting urban green spaces during the epidemic (especially within the context of the city blockade), and what might weaken these motives. In total, 47 residents (17 men and 30 women) were recruited from Chengdu, in China, to participate in interviews. A thematic analysis was used to analyze the interview data. According to the results, the motives of the respondents were divided into strong motives and weak motives. These strong motives for visiting UGS can be divided into four themes: “A place for health”, “Escape”, “Social support”, and “A safe and important place for outdoor activities”. Residents classified as the weak motive primarily considered the reasons of “Keep distance with others”, “Potential infection risk” and “Seek compensation”. The results of this study are significant for current and future urban management, green space planning, and social well-being.

scholarly journals An analysis of the spatial distribution, influence and quality of urban green space – a case study of the Polish city of Tczew

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (42) ◽  
pp. 129-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Senetra ◽  
Iwona Krzywnicka ◽  
Marcin Mielke
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Urban Green Space ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Human Welfare ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
The City

Abstract Rapid urban growth can exert negative effects on the natural environment due to the loss of naturally vegetated areas, loss of biological diversity, deforestation and soil erosion. The condition of cities is inherently linked with the natural environment which has a positive influence on health, social relations, human welfare and economic activity. Urban areas should abound in green spaces, and should also be easily accessible to the general public. The aim of this study was to determine the spatial distribution, influence and quality of urban green spaces on the example of the city of Tczew in northern Poland. The proposed methodology can be applied in cities of a similar size and urban structure to promote rational management of urban green space in line with the principles of sustainable development and spatial order. The Green-Space Record, a useful tool for inventorying urban green spaces, was developed to pursue the main research goal. The information accumulated in the Record constitutes valuable input data for further analysis, including the determination of the area, distribution, influence and quality of urban green spaces. The results of the analysis revealed that urban green spaces occupy more than 19% of Tczew’s territory, which is equivalent to 70.6 m2 per resident. Managed green spaces span the area of only 66.75 ha (11.31 m2 per resident) and are unevenly distributed in the city. More than half of these areas are found in the Stare Miasto (Old Town) district, whereas two residential districts (Gdańska, Prątnica) are completely devoid of public greens. The quality of urban green spaces is generally satisfactory in Tczew; however, not all residents have equal access to high-quality public greens.

Beyond burial: researching and managing cemeteries as urban green spaces, with examples from Canada

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 252-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica M. Quinton ◽  
Peter N. Duinker
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Perceived Safety ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
The Many ◽  
Ecosystem Disservices

Cemeteries existing within cities are often omitted from the “green space” narrative despite their high levels of vegetation. Given the relatively small areas of green space in many cities, it is important to appropriately manage these landscapes to ensure that residents can access green spaces and enjoy the many benefits they offer. The purpose of our paper is to demonstrate that cemeteries should be managed and researched as urban green spaces that provide ecosystem services. We compared and contrasted cemeteries with urban parks and used their similarities and differences, as well as a review of existing cemetery and other green-space literature, to discuss how cemeteries can provide a wide variety of ecosystem services. We found that cemeteries and parks both have high levels of vegetation, similar perceived safety issues, and some common rules and regulations, while differing in their consideration as public spaces, effect on real-estate values, historical–cultural value, and funding and management goals. Despite the differences, we believe that the vegetation (particularly trees), monuments, other infrastructure, and atmosphere within cemeteries make them well-suited to providing ecosystem services such as recreation, human health and restoration, stormwater management, microclimate regulation, aesthetics, and so on. Cemeteries can also potentially provide ecosystem “disservices” such as allergens, invasive/dangerous/poisonous species, and the degradation of groundwater quality. However, we believe that the potential for ecosystem services far outweighs the potential for ecosystem disservices in urban cemeteries, and as such we believe they should be studied and managed as green spaces with functions beyond those of interment and mourning. Given the general superiority of trees over other vegetation in providing a diversity of ecosystem services, we urge cemetery managers to consider options for increases and improvements in cemetery tree populations.

scholarly journals Visitors' Perceptions of Urban Green Spaces: A Study of Lisbon's Alameda and Estrela Parks

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Viebrantz ◽  
Maria Fernandes-Jesus
Keyword(s):  
Green Space ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
Views And Perceptions ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
The City ◽  
Natural Characteristics

Urban Green Spaces (UGSs) play a key role in people's well-being, particularly in highly urbanized contexts and possess several elements that may be attractive to visitors. This study focuses on the views and perceptions of visitors of two UGSs located in Lisbon and aimed to determine how they evaluated two different green spaces (Estrela Park and Alameda Park) in terms of physical/natural characteristics, structures, accessibility, surrounding areas, motives for use and importance. Secondly, it sought to explore how people evaluate UGSs in Lisbon in terms of quality and quantity. A total of 188 people responded to a questionnaire composed of close-and open-ended questions. The study revealed that Estrela Park was more valued for its green space characteristics and conservation aspects than accessibility and sports adaptability. Participants visited Estrela Park for its landscape and restful environment and considered the park important to their lives. Although they visited Estrela Park less often, they stayed longer compared to those who visited Alameda Park. Furthermore, regarding the participants' overall perceptions of the UGSs in Lisbon, many participants mentioned the need for more parks and wanted better preservation and distribution around the city. Most importantly, they valued these spaces and believed that UGS helped them to feel more relaxed and balanced, facilitating socialization, recreation and physical activities. In conclusion, this study suggests that green and quiet urban parks in Lisbon are valued by the city's population but they would like to see regular maintenance/cleaning as well as the provision of leisure activities.

scholarly journals How does the public benefit from green space?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Elaine Gyde
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Central City ◽  
City Council ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Third Place ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
The Public

<p>Research shows that urban green spaces are a straightforward way for many people to interact with nature. This interaction provides physical and mental health benefits, provides us with a range of ecosystems services, and fosters a unique sense of place. In a central city park we experience shared public space where we navigate social and cultural norms and adjust our behaviour.  This research uses third place as a framework for examining the benefits of shared public space. Ray Oldenburg developed third place to describe the importance of places where informal social interactions occur. Cafes, libraries and pubs all form key social hubs for local communities. This thesis examines the extent to which green spaces in Wellington’s central city area provide third place.  This research conducted a survey of the public in three central city parks in Wellington and long interviews with key stakeholders from inside and outside the Wellington City Council (the Council). Results show how the public use and value green spaces and examines the Council’s role as the authority of these urban green spaces. As the urban population rises, the availability and quality of green space in the central city will become a challenge for the Council. These research findings can be used to address this challenge.  Design solutions, community engagement, and activation, can reduce barriers to green space, like accessibility. Without these barriers, more people experience the benefits of green spaces and our public parks become places where people relax, socialise, and enjoy their time.</p>

scholarly journals Urban Green Space Degradation: An Experience of Kuala Lumpur City

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junainah Binti Abu Kasim ◽  
Mohd Johari Mohd Yusof ◽  
Helmi Zulhaidi Mohd Shafri
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Urban Green Space ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
Artificial Surface ◽  
The City

Recently, Kuala Lumpur (KL) urban green space essentially was converted to artificial surface due to the urbanization process. The scarcity land in the city besides government new initiatives on infrastructure and affordable housing scheme has put an extra demands and request for developments to enter green spaces zone throughout the city’s boundary. This study aimsto review the literature on green space issues in KL, as well as to explore the use of Geographical Information System (GIS) that could provide a comprehensive and reliability information of green space predominantly used by urban planners and decision makers. There is a need for Kuala Lumpur City Hall (DBKL) to map and monitor the gazetted green spaces changes aided by advance technology to ensure the city were plan well and developed in a sustainable way. The technology is extensively used for managing, controlling and mapping the urban green spaces changes and effectively use as an aided tool for planners in planning the green space developments effectively.

scholarly journals Balancing Urban Green Space and Residential Infill Development: A Spatial Multi-Criteria Approach Based on Practitioner Engagement

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (03) ◽  
pp. 1840004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maija Tiitu ◽  
Arto Viinikka ◽  
Leena Kopperoinen ◽  
Davide Geneletti
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Infill Development ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The objectives in consolidating the urban form and preserving green spaces are often in conflict in growing cities. The usability of spatial multi-criteria decision analysis (SMCDA) was tested as a tool for integrating residential infill development and urban green spaces in the City of Järvenpää, Finland. In collaboration with local practitioners, this study focused on the benefits and challenges of SMCDA. The results were based on two workshops with the practitioners along with comprehensive GIS analyses based on a wide range of available data. The practitioners saw SMCDA as a useful method to bring together a variety of factors related to infill development. They highlighted the importance of the method’s transparency, emphasising the comprehensive explanation of each step of the method. Better understanding of the impact of individual criteria weightings on the results was mentioned as one of the key future developments of the method.

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