scholarly journals Acoustic Comfort as a Salutogenic Resource in Learning Environments—A Proposal for the Design of a System to Improve the Acoustic Quality of Classrooms

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 9733
Author(s):  
Antonio Laurìa ◽  
Simone Secchi ◽  
Luigi Vessella
Keyword(s):  
Learning Environments ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Reverberation Time ◽  
Educational Spaces ◽  
Acoustic Quality ◽  
Acoustic Comfort ◽  
Measurable Factors ◽  
Italian Legislation

This article addresses the topic of environmental comfort from a salutogenic and pedagogical point of view. It begins by presenting a wide framework aimed at describing the complexity and specificity of the acoustic issue and the need to integrate decibel-based metrics with knowledge and reflections which are inherent to non-measurable factors. The article then focuses its attention on educational spaces and presents the results of an investigation carried out in 52 classrooms of 19 primary schools in Florence. From this research and keeping in mind the current Italian legislation, the following results are deduced: (1) the layout of a typical classroom, (2) the average reverberation time and (3) the sound-absorbing surface required to improve the acoustic quality of the typical classroom with polystyrene fibre panels. Subsequently, after having briefly described the more appropriate typology of sound-absorbing solutions, a system for the acoustic correction of classrooms is presented. This system is composed of two parts. The first part is fixed and its realisation is entrusted to specialised personnel; the second, based on the concept of personalisation and transformation of the educational space, is modifiable through time and designed and applied by the students themselves.

scholarly journals Environmental Acoustic Comfort in the Built Environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (71) ◽  
Author(s):  
Margret Sibylle Engel ◽  
Júlio Otávio Herrmann ◽  
Paulo Henrique Trombetta Zannin
Keyword(s):  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Physical Structure ◽  
Sharp Drop ◽  
Speech Transmission ◽  
Acoustic Quality ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Acoustic Comfort ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Acoustic Conditions

  The acoustic quality of classrooms has a strong influence on the teaching and learning process. This interference assessed using the impulsive technique to measure the rate of speech transmission (STI), reverberation time (RT) and sound definition (D50). These are the most relevant acoustic descriptors in the assessment of classrooms, where verbal exposure is the means of communication between teachers and students. The evaluation took place in two buildings of the Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), built in the 1960s and another in 2016. The measured values ​​of STI, provided in the classrooms' actual acoustic conditions, were used as an adjustment parameter for simulations made with the software ODEON. After carrying out the measurements and simulations, the dimensioning of improvements was possible. The acoustic simulations presented suggestions to qualify the quality of the classrooms' acoustic comfort, ensuring that teaching and learning to do not suffer losses due to the physical structure of the classrooms. The measured values ​​of STI, RT and D50 show that, in the old building, except for a single classroom that preserves the original ceiling that had a high sound absorption coefficient, it has reasonable values, below the ideal for classrooms, according to the IEC 60268-16 (2011) standard. The investigation showed that the rooms with a roof replaced by a PVC covering had a sharp drop in acoustic quality. The newest building has classrooms with proper acoustic comfort conditions.

scholarly journals Penilaian Kualitas Akustik Masjid Raudhaturrahman Padang Tiji Menggunakan Simulasi Ecotect

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-367
Author(s):  
Yulida Yani
Keyword(s):  
Background Noise ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Reverberation Time ◽  
Religious Rituals ◽  
Religious Significance ◽  
Acoustic Quality ◽  
Unique Shape ◽  
High Degree

Mosque is a place of worship for Moslems. It has profound religious significance for the community; it is important that people feel serenity therein. In addition, they need to be able to hear sounds clearly so that they can perform their religious rituals like prayers smoothly and it is also crucial for them to hear speeches with a high degree of intelligibility. This study assessed the acoustic quality of Raudhaturrahman prayer's room, having a unique shape with the dome ceiling covering all dimensions of the building.  This study aims at finding the condition, causes, and improving the acoustic quality to meet the prayer's room acoustic needs.  This study specifically focused on calculating the background noise and reverberation time using the Ecotect Simulation method.  The simulation result demonstrates that the calculation of reverberation time (RT) and the measurement of background noise have not met the desired standard. This study found that the value for RT with occupancy 0%, 50%, 100% is 18, 29s, 7, the 80s, and 4, 71s.  In addition, the result of the background noise is 60 dB.  In conclusion, the acoustic of the Raudhaturrahmah mosque prayer's room is of inferior quality since it does not meet the standard of reverberation time (RT) and background noise for the speech purpose of the room.

Design and simulation of acoustics for the home theatre

2021 ◽  
Vol 263 (4) ◽  
pp. 2052-2057
Author(s):  
Liying Zhu ◽  
Junjuan Zhao ◽  
Xianhui Li ◽  
Bin Zhang ◽  
Yueyue Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Normal Modes ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Sound Quality ◽  
Reverberation Time ◽  
Acoustic Design ◽  
Room Size ◽  
Sound Image ◽  
Acoustic Quality ◽  
Natural Resonance Frequency

As a typical acoustics room, the sound quality of home theatre is an important standard to evaluate its design. Qualified acoustics design is the guarantee of good sound quality. The volume of home theatre is generally small, so the room size is similar to the low-frequency wavelength. Then the resonance will occur when the excitation of the sound source frequency acts on the natural resonance frequency of the room. At the same time, the secondary reflection of the room also interferes the direct sound emitted by the speaker, thus destroying the sound image. In order to solve the above problems, this paper took a home theatre as an example, analyzed the normal modes of the room by the theory of wave acoustics, and then made an acoustics design and simulation. The simulation results showed that the reverberation time was up to the relevant standards and the room acoustic quality environment was improved obviously after the acoustic design.

scholarly journals Tér-idő illúziók - Mintha egy Esterházy-regényben járnánk | Herzog & de Meuron:Stadtcasino Basel

Metszet ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
Domonkos Wettstein
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Concert Hall ◽  
Acoustic Quality ◽  
History Of

The designers of this project have taken an approach similar to that of an Eszterházy novel: travelling through a multifaceted history of spaces from point of view to point of view. This might be an act of fantasy or irony resulting in a restoration of neobaroque elements, insertion of contemporary interventions, resulting in maintaining the original acoustic quality of the concert hall and improved non-performance circulation areas: foyer, stairwells and corridors which now create a new sequential flow throughout the building complex.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF FORM AND MATERIALS ON THE PROPER ACOUSTIC FUNCTION OF THEATRICAL PERFORMANCES AND MUSIC CONCERTS AT GEDUNG KESENIAN IN JAKARTA

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-93
Author(s):  
Susanti Mega
Keyword(s):  
Specific Activity ◽  
Reverberation Time ◽  
Sound Control ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Acoustic Quality ◽  
Volume Level ◽  
Theatrical Performances ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
The Right

Abstract- A given space requires a specific design for it to function in the best possible way. Many aspects need to be taken into consideration, and the same principle applies to an auditorium. Its space requires proper handling of the right acoustics to optimize the activities to be held there, among others space employed for the purpose of staging theatrical performances and concerts. Ideally speaking, these activities must prioritize the use of natural (purely acoustic) sound without resorting to an electric amplifier. Therefore, an appropriate acoustic design of the space to be used is of the utmost necessity. Each of these spaces has its own criteria to optimize the activities that are held there. To examine the acoustic quality of a given space, there are several prerequisites that must be fulfilled, starting from the form and materials used, the sound’s volume level, sound distribution, reverberation time, acoustic flaws or shortcomings and noise reduction or sound control. Using the explorative method and post-performance evaluation, this research study investigates the capability of the Arts Building called Gedung Kesenian in Jakarta to accommodate two different activities, both from the angle of the specific activity and the prerequisites for the space used. Gedung Kesenian Jakarta has attempted to surmount the problem of echo/reverb that is different for the theatrical and musical performances. However, the too widely diverging values have prompted the need for adding portable elements that are passive in nature in order to maximize the sound reflection, evenness of sound distribution, reverb time as well as dealing with the problem of the echoing sound area, referred to as “shadow sound”.Keywords: acoustic suitability, acoustics of theater space, acoustics of concert space, reverberation time 

scholarly journals Acoustic quality assessment in a classroom through simulations and measurements

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (72) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eriberto Oliveira do Nascimento ◽  
Paulo Henrique Trombetta Zannin
Keyword(s):  
Background Noise ◽  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Reverberation Time ◽  
Vocal Health ◽  
Quality Requirements ◽  
Transmission Index ◽  
Speech Transmission ◽  
Acoustic Quality ◽  
Acoustic Comfort ◽  
Minimum Requirements

The acoustic quality in a classroom directly impacts the educational relationship between the student and the teacher, reducing speech intelligibility. In addition, inadequate acoustic comfort burdens the vocal health of teachers. This study evaluated a classroom at the Federal University of Paraná, Campus Centro Politécnico, to verify its acoustic quality. The measurements of the acoustics descriptors: Reverberation Time (RT), Definition (D50), Central Time (Ts), Early Decay Time (EDT) were performed according to the ISO 3382-2 standard, concerning Noise Curves (NC) and Background Noise (BGN) these were evaluated by the  NBR 10152 and S12.2 standards. The Speech Transmission Index (STI) was measured according to IEC 60268-16 and evaluated according to ISO 9921. The useful-detrimental ratio (U50) and the other descriptors were simulated in the ODEON software version 11. Thus, the results showed that the evaluated room did not meet the minimum requirements in terms of acoustic quality, for the descriptors RT, STI, Ts, D50, RF, and NC. Simultaneously, the RT and STI were also outside the limits established by the German and Finnish standards. Therefore, it is concluded that the evaluated classroom did not reach the minimum acoustic quality requirements.

Concert hall: acoustic design comparing analytical results and ray tracing

2021 ◽  
Vol 263 (3) ◽  
pp. 3538-3544
Author(s):  
Karina Sá ◽  
Raquel Rossatto Rocha ◽  
Bárbara Fengler
Keyword(s):  
Ray Tracing ◽  
Reverberation Time ◽  
Acoustic Parameters ◽  
Concert Hall ◽  
Acoustic Design ◽  
Analytical Results ◽  
Strategic Location ◽  
Acoustic Quality ◽  
Plan Study

With the intention of designing architecture for music and inspired by music, the J.C. Martins Concert Hall was created with 1008 seats and an approximate volume of 49400 ft³. Among all the architectural aspects considered, such as strategic location analyzed from the mass plan, study of volumetries, acoustics is the highlight due to its importance and complexity of the project. The Concert Hall is the object of the present study, the purpose of the article is to compare the simulated results in the EASE software with the analytical results of the reverberation time calculated by the Sabine and Eyering equations for the Concert Hall. Acoustic parameters such as reverberation time, clarity, among others, were simulated to verify the acoustic quality of the room in question. With that, it was possible to analyze and discuss the limitations of the analytical method and the simulations. Even so, the results were satisfactory to reach the adequated indexes of the acoustic parameters.

The Importance of Acoustic Quality in Classroom

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sarlati ◽  
Z. Haron ◽  
K. Yahya ◽  
N. Darus ◽  
N. Dimon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Reverberation Time ◽  
Concrete Wall ◽  
Effective Learning ◽  
Acoustic Quality

An effective learning process in a classroom with good speech intelligibility requires good acoustic quality. Low acoustic quality may cause frequent speech repetition and consequently leads to several emotional disorders among the students. The purpose of this study is to improve the acoustic quality of the classroom for a better learning process. Two classrooms at Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia have been selected for this study. Reverberation time is the most important factor in acoustics, which was determined using theoretical calculations and simulations. A Dass-21 of self-report questionnaires was used to measure the levels of depression, anxiety, and stress among the students.  The results showed that reverberation times of the classrooms were more than 1 second and 34% of the students have suffered from severe and extreme anxiety. The acoustic quality can be improved through the replacement of a painted concrete wall with high sound absorption material made of kenaf fiber in order to ensure reverberation time does not exceed the limit.

COMBINATORIAL POLYNOMIALLY COMPUTABLE CHARACTERISTICS OF SUBSTITUTIONS AND THEIR PROPERTIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
VLADIMIR NIKONOV ◽  
◽  
ANTON ZOBOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Expectation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Small Range ◽  
Computational Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bijective Function ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Element Base ◽  
Selection Of

The construction and selection of a suitable bijective function, that is, substitution, is now becoming an important applied task, particularly for building block encryption systems. Many articles have suggested using different approaches to determining the quality of substitution, but most of them are highly computationally complex. The solution of this problem will significantly expand the range of methods for constructing and analyzing scheme in information protection systems. The purpose of research is to find easily measurable characteristics of substitutions, allowing to evaluate their quality, and also measures of the proximity of a particular substitutions to a random one, or its distance from it. For this purpose, several characteristics were proposed in this work: difference and polynomial, and their mathematical expectation was found, as well as variance for the difference characteristic. This allows us to make a conclusion about its quality by comparing the result of calculating the characteristic for a particular substitution with the calculated mathematical expectation. From a computational point of view, the thesises of the article are of exceptional interest due to the simplicity of the algorithm for quantifying the quality of bijective function substitutions. By its nature, the operation of calculating the difference characteristic carries out a simple summation of integer terms in a fixed and small range. Such an operation, both in the modern and in the prospective element base, is embedded in the logic of a wide range of functional elements, especially when implementing computational actions in the optical range, or on other carriers related to the field of nanotechnology.

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