scholarly journals On the Effect of Recycled Polyolefins on the Thermorheological Performance of Polymer-Modified Bitumen Used for Roofing-Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3284
Author(s):  
Martin Wieser ◽  
Andreas Schaur ◽  
Seraphin Hubert Unterberger ◽  
Roman Lackner
Keyword(s):  
Melting Temperature ◽  
Phase Angle ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Modified Bitumen ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
High Crystallinity ◽  
Lower Melting ◽  
Technical Specifications ◽  
Polymer Modified Bitumen ◽  
Lower Melting Temperature

In order to meet the technical specifications in roofing applications, the bitumen used for this purpose is standardly modified by polymers. This, in general, allows the re-use of recycled polymer during the production of polymer-modified bitumen (PmB), simultaneously reducing the amount of polymeric waste. Recycling processes, however, may degrade or contaminate polymers, leading to reduced crystallinity and lower melting temperature. Six different recycled polyolefins (high crystallinity: iPP, HDPE; reduced crystallinity: APP, PP Copolymer; waxy polyolefins: Wax 105, Wax 115) were assessed on their suitability for roofing applications. Mixing characteristics, polymer distribution and thermo-mechanical properties of the PmB samples were determined, employing fluorescence microscopy, modulated temperature differential scanning calorimetry (MTDSC) and dynamic shear rheometry (DSR). Depending on mixing properties, two levels of polymer content (5 and 16 wt% or 16 and 30 wt%) were considered. High crystallinity polymers exhibited the biggest increase in |G*| and lowest phase angle. Reduced crystallinity polymers were more easily dispersed and showed improved |G*| and phase angle. Waxy polyolefins improved bitumen similarly to reduced crystallinity polymers and are easily dispersed. The results suggest, that a reduced crystallinity or lower melting temperature of the recycled polymers resulting from degradation or contamination may be beneficial, resulting in improved mixing behavior and a more homogeneous distribution of the polymer within the bitumen.

scholarly journals Impurity effects in thermal regelation

Soft Matter ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (25) ◽  
pp. 5886-5891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Navaneeth K. Marath ◽  
J. S. Wettlaufer
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Film ◽  
Melting Temperature ◽  
Intermolecular Forces ◽  
Impurity Effects ◽  
Lower Melting ◽  
Lower Melting Temperature

When a particle is placed in a material with a lower bulk melting temperature, intermolecular forces can lead to the existence of a “premelted” liquid film of the lower melting temperature material.

Melt-derived bioactive glass based on SiO2-CaO-Na2O-P2O5 system fabricated at lower melting temperature

2018 ◽  
Vol 732 ◽  
pp. 603-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Farhana Ibrahim ◽  
Hasmaliza Mohamad ◽  
Siti Noor Fazliah Mohd Noor ◽  
Nurazreena Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Melting Temperature ◽  
Lower Melting ◽  
P2o5 System ◽  
Lower Melting Temperature

CERROLOW-147 Alloy

Alloy Digest ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Melting Temperature ◽  
Eutectic Alloy ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Freezing Range ◽  
Lower Melting ◽  
Metal Products ◽  
Lower Melting Temperature

Abstract CERROLOW-147 Alloy is a bismuth-base non-eutectic alloy that melts over the narrow, low-temperature range of 142-149 F (61-65 C). It has a slightly lower melting temperature than CERROBEND Alloy (Alloy Digest Bi-6, August 1978) and functions about as well for the same uses if its small freezing range is not objectionable. Cerrolow-147 Alloy provides engineers and technicians with an easily castable material that is ready for use as soon as it freezes. It is highly suitable in industry for such uses as anchoring parts for machining and support for bending tubing and extrusions. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and tensile properties. It also includes information on casting, forming, heat treating, and machining. Filing Code: Bi-21. Producer or source: Cerro Metal Products.

Thermal decomposition of sodium amide, NaNH2, and sodium amide hydroxide composites, NaNH2–NaOH

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (36) ◽  
pp. 25257-25264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars H. Jepsen ◽  
Peikun Wang ◽  
Guotao Wu ◽  
Zhitao Xiong ◽  
Flemming Besenbacher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Melting Temperature ◽  
Lower Melting ◽  
Lower Melting Temperature ◽  
Sodium Amide

Composites of NaNH2 and the omnipresent NaOH have a lower melting temperature and form a non-stoichiometric solid solution, Na(OH)1−x(NH2)x, during heating.

scholarly journals Multi-Criteria Selection of Additives in Porous Asphalt Mixtures Using Mechanical, Hydraulic, Economic, and Environmental Indicators

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2146
Author(s):  
Anik Gupta ◽  
Carlos J. Slebi-Acevedo ◽  
Esther Lizasoain-Arteaga ◽  
Jorge Rodriguez-Hernandez ◽  
Daniel Castro-Fresno
Keyword(s):  
Cellulose Fiber ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Modified Bitumen ◽  
Porous Asphalt ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Product Assessment ◽  
Polymer Modified Bitumen ◽  
Selection Of

Porous asphalt (PA) mixtures are more environmentally friendly but have lower durability than dense-graded mixtures. Additives can be incorporated into PA mixtures to enhance their mechanical strength; however, they may compromise the hydraulic characteristics, increase the total cost of pavement, and negatively affect the environment. In this paper, PA mixtures were produced with 5 different types of additives including 4 fibers and 1 filler. Their performances were compared with the reference mixtures containing virgin bitumen and polymer-modified bitumen. The performance of all mixes was assessed using: mechanical, hydraulic, economic, and environmental indicators. Then, the Delphi method was applied to compute the relative weights for the parameters in multi-criteria decision-making methods. Evaluation based on distance from average solution (EDAS), technique for order of the preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS), and weighted aggregated sum product assessment (WASPAS) were employed to rank the additives. According to the results obtained, aramid pulp displayed comparable and, for some parameters such as abrasion resistance, even better performance than polymer-modified bitumen, whereas cellulose fiber demonstrated the best performance regarding sustainability, due to economic and environmental benefits.

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