scholarly journals Evaluation of Water Circulation by Modeling: An Example of Nonpoint Source Management in the Yeongsan River Watershed

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 8871
Author(s):  
Jong Mun Lee ◽  
Minji Park ◽  
Bae Kyung Park ◽  
Jiyeon Choi ◽  
Jinsun Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Nonpoint Source ◽  
Base Flow ◽  
Water Circulation ◽  
Circulation Rate ◽  
Watershed Model ◽  
River Watershed ◽  
Impervious Area ◽  
Source Management

Owing to urbanization, impervious areas within watersheds have continuously increased, distorting healthy water circulation systems by reducing soil infiltration and base flow; moreover, increases in surface runoff deteriorate water quality by increasing the inflow of nonpoint sources. In this study, we constructed a Hydrological Simulation Program—Fortran (HSPF) watershed model that applies the impervious area and can set medium- and long-term water circulation management goals for watershed sub-areas. The model was tested using a case study from the Yeongsan River watershed, Korea. The results show that impervious land-cover accounts for 18.47% of the upstream reach in which Gwangju City is located; approximately twice the average for the whole watershed. Depending on the impervious area reduction scenario, direct runoff and nonpoint source load could be reduced by up to 56% and 35%, respectively; the water circulation rate could be improved by up to 16%. Selecting management goals requires the consideration of both policy objectives and budget. For urban areas with large impervious cover, the designation of nonpoint source management areas is required. For new cities, it is necessary to introduce water circulation systems (e.g., low impact development techniques) to improve rainwater penetration and recharge and activate preemptive water circulation.

Predicting the effect of impervious area change on water circulation rate in the Geum River watershed using HSPF modeling

2020 ◽  
Vol 200 ◽  
pp. 337-350
Author(s):  
Jong Mun Lee ◽  
Jichul Ryu ◽  
Jiyeon Choi ◽  
Jae Hong Park ◽  
Jinsun Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Circulation ◽  
Circulation Rate ◽  
Area Change ◽  
River Watershed ◽  
Impervious Area

scholarly journals Developing a Reliability Index of Low Impact Development for Urban Areas

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 2961
Author(s):  
Yang Ho Song ◽  
Jung Ho Lee ◽  
Eui Hoon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Distance Measure ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Reliability Evaluation ◽  
Nonpoint Source ◽  
Evaluation Technique ◽  
Storm Water Management Model ◽  
Primary Reference ◽  
Urban Catchments

A defining characteristic of the urbanization is the transformation of existing pervious areas into impervious areas during development. This leads to numerous hydrologic and environmental problems such as an increase in surface runoff due to excess rainfall, flooding, the deterioration of water quality, and an increase in nonpoint source pollution. Several studies propose supplementary measures on environmental change problems in development areas using the low impact development technique. This study investigated the reduction of nonpoint source pollutant loads and flooding in catchments through urban catchment rainfall–runoff management. For the quantitative assessment of flood disasters and water pollution problems, we propose a reliability evaluation technique. This technique refers to a series of analysis methods that determine the disaster prevention performance of the existing systems. As the two factors involve physical quantities of different dimensions, a reliability evaluation technique was developed using the distance measure method. Using the storm water management model, multiple scenarios based on synthetic rainfall in the catchment of the Daerim 2 rainwater pumping station in Seoul, South Korea, were examined. Our results indicate the need for efficient management of natural disaster risks that may occur in urban catchments. Moreover, this study can be used as a primary reference for setting a significant reduction target and facilitating accurate decision making concerning urban drainage system management.

NONPOINT SOURCE MANAGEMENT USING LOW IMPACT DEVELOPMENT FOR AN INDUSTRIAL SITE

2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 (3) ◽  
pp. 388-399
Author(s):  
Avinash S. Patwardhan ◽  
Joel Haden ◽  
Thomas Jobes ◽  
Patrick Graham
Keyword(s):  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Nonpoint Source ◽  
Industrial Site ◽  
Source Management

Large-Scale Application of Biofiltration Swale Runoff Management Practices

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
William C. Lucas
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Peak Flow ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Urban Runoff ◽  
Management Model ◽  
Check Dams ◽  
Runoff Reduction ◽  
Impervious Area ◽  
Hydrologic Responses

Retaining rainfall where it lands is a fundamental benefit of Low Impact Development (LID). The Delaware Urban Runoff Management Model (DURMM) was developed to address the benefits of LID design. DURMM explicitly addresses the benefits of impervious area disconnection as well as swale flow routing that responds to flow retardance changes. Biofiltration swales are an effective LID BMP for treating urban runoff. By adding check dams, the detention storage provided can also reduce peak rates. This presentation explores how the DURMM runoff reduction approach can be integrated with detention routing procedures to project runoff volume and peak flow reductions provided by BMP facilities. This approach has been applied to a 1,200 unit project on 360 hectares located in Delaware, USA. Over 5 km of biofiltration swales have been designed, many of which have stone check dams placed every 30 to 35 meters to provide detention storage. The engineering involved in the design of such facilities uses hydrologic modeling based upon TR-20 routines, as adapted by the DURMM model. The hydraulic approach includes routing of flows through the check dams. This presentation summarizes the hydrological network, presents the hydrologic responses, along with selected hydrographs to demonstrate the potential of design approach.

scholarly journals The model and simulation of low impact development of the sponge airport, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Peng ◽  
Jiayi Ouyang ◽  
Lei Yu ◽  
Xinchen Wu
Keyword(s):  
Flood Control ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
International Airport ◽  
Model And Simulation ◽  
Impervious Area ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Airport Runway

Abstract Recently urban waterlogging problems have become more and more serious, and the construction of an airport runway makes the impervious area of the airport high, which leads to the deterioration of the water environment and frequent waterlogging disasters. It is of great significance to design and construct the sponge airport with low impact development (LID) facilities. In this paper, we take catchment N1 of Beijing Daxing International Airport as a case study. The LID facilities are designed and the runoff process of a heavy rainfall in catchment N1 is simulated before and after the implementation of LID facilities. The results show that the total amount of surface runoff, the number of overflow junctions and full-flow conduits of the rainwater drainage system in catchment N1 of Beijing Daxing International Airport are significantly reduced after the implementation of the LID facilities. Therefore, the application of LID facilities has greatly improved the ability of the airport to remove rainwater and effectively alleviated the risk of waterlogging in the airport flight area. This study provides theoretical support for airport designers and managers to solve flood control and rainwater drainage problems and has vital practical significance.

scholarly journals Canine visceral leishmaniasis in riverside communities of the Cuiabá river watershed

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 3313
Author(s):  
Valéria Régia Franco Sousa ◽  
Álvaro Felipe de Lima Ruy Dias ◽  
Juliana Yuki Rodrigues ◽  
Mariana de Medeiros Torres ◽  
Janaína Marcela Assunção Rosa Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Axenic Culture ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Lutzomyia Longipalpis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
River Watershed

Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is a parasitic zoonosis expanding in Brazil. Several municipalities in the state of Mato Grosso including those on the river Cuiabá have reported the incidence of both human and canine cases and the identification of sandfly vector, Lutzomyia longipalpis and Lu. cruzi. Dogs are considered the main reservoir of Leishmania chagasi in the urban areas, hence, we devised a cross-sectional study aimed at assessing the prevalence of the infection in the dogs of riverside communities on Cuiabá River watershed by parasitological (parasitic isolation in culture), serological, and molecular methods. Of the 248 surveyed dogs, 24 were positive in enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT), with a prevalence of 9.7%. The riverside communities located in the town of Santo Antonio do Leverger displayed a higher prevalence of the disease than the cities of Cuiabá and Várzea Grande; however, the difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Dogs born in the communities had a 3.24-fold higher risk of acquiring the infection. Promastigote were isolated in the axenic culture from the bone marrow samples and intact skin. Further, DNA of Leishmania sp. was detected in the bone marrow samples, lymph nodes, leukocyte cover, and skin of only one examined dog. These samples were sequenced and they showed 99% homology to L. infantum. To conclude, we observed a higher prevalence of infection in Riverside communities of Santo Antonio do Leverger and the confirmation of autochthony in these areas justifies the surveillance actions to minimise the risk of transmission within the riverine community itself, besides its dissemination to other areas by tourism.

scholarly journals New Patterns of Temporal and Spatial Variation in Water Quality of a Highly Artificialized Urban River-Course—a Case Study in the Tongzhou Section of the Beiyun River

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juanhui Ren ◽  
Ji Liang ◽  
Bo Ren ◽  
Xiuqing Zheng ◽  
Chaofan Guo
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Urban River ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Reclaimed Wastewater ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Impervious Area

This paper aims to gain a better understanding of urban river pollution through evaluation of water quality. Data for 10 parameters at eight sites of the Tongzhou Section of the Beiyun River (TSBR) are analyzed. Hierarchical cluster analysis, fuzzy comprehensive assessment, discriminant analysis and Spearman’s correlation analysis were used to estimate the water situation of each cluster and analyze its spatial-temporal variations. Principal component analysis/factor analysis were applied to extract and recognize the sources responsible for water-quality variations. The results showed that temporal variation is greater than spatial and sewage discharge is the dominant factor of the seasonal distribution. Moreover, during the rapid-flow period, water quality is polluted by a combination of organic matter, phosphorus, bio-chemical pollutants and nitrogen; during the gentle-flow period, water quality is influenced by domestic and industrial waste, the activities of algae, aquatic plants and phosphorus pollution. In regard to future improvement of water quality in TSBR, the control of reclaimed wastewater from adjacent factories should first be put in place, as well as other techniques, for example, an increase of the impervious area, low-impact development, and integrated management practices should also be proposed in managing storm water runoff.

scholarly journals ESTIMATION OF RUNOFF POLLUTANT LOAD FROM NONPOINT SOURCE IN URBAN AREAS

1995 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 12-19
Author(s):  
Atsushi ICHIKI ◽  
Toshiyuki OHNISHI ◽  
Kiyoshi YAMADA
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Nonpoint Source ◽  
Pollutant Load

scholarly journals Development of an empirical formula for estimation of bioretention outflow rate

Water SA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (2 April) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sezar Gulbaz ◽  
Cevza Melek Kazezyılmaz-Alhan ◽  
Rasim Temür
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Formula ◽  
Peak Flow ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Peak Flow Rate ◽  
Impervious Area ◽  
Outflow Rate ◽  
Cent Error ◽  
Peak Value

Urbanization of a watershed affects both surface water and groundwater resources. When impervious area increases, the excess runoff and volume of water collected at the downstream end of the watershed also increases, due to the decrease in groundwater recharge, depression storage, infiltration and evapotranspiration. Low-impact development (LID) methods have been developed in order to diminish adverse effects of excess stormwater runoff. Bioretention is one of the LID types which is used to prevent flooding by decreasing runoff volume and peak flow rate, and to manage storm-water by improving water quality. In this study, an empirical formula is derived to predict the peak outflow out of a bioretention column as a function of the ponding depth on bioretention, hydraulic conductivity, porosity, suction head, initial moisture content and height of the soil mixture used in the bioretention column. Coefficients of the empirical formula are determined by using metaheuristic algorithms. For analyses, the experimental data obtained from rainfall-watershed-bioretention (RWB) system are used. The reliability of the empirical formula is evaluated by calculating the absolute per cent error between the peak value ofthe measured outflow and the calculated outflow of the bioretention columns. The results show that the performance of the empirical formula is satisfactory.

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